Literature and Politics in the Age of Nationalism: The Progressive Writers' Movement in South Asia 1932-1956.

This thesis provides an account of the development of the Progressive Writers' Association (PWA) in South Asia. This body set itself the ambitious goal of mobilising South Asian writers and advancing the movement for independence by infusing it with social content. As such it was inspired by movements in Europe but was also inextricably linked to social and literary traditions that had already been developing in India. In this sense the PWA was embarking on a project for cultural hegemony that was as much a political and social movement as a literary one. Consequently, the movement was not solely concerned with questions of literature in a narrow sense but also with the public and political role of writers in society, with which language the nationalist movement should foster and the popularisation of its cultural and political aims through theatre and film. Previous studies of the movement have treated it far too narrowly as a simple front for communist aims. This was an important dimension of the movement that I account for but I see it as an attempt by some of the foremost intellectuals in the India of my period to shape the freedom movement and to project its vision for a wider society post-independence. This thesis argues that the PWA embarked upon a project for cultural and political hegemony whose aim was to transform the literary and wider cultural landscape of South Asia. It aims to demonstrate that the trajectory of this literary project can only be understood as part of a wider process of the global politics that were impacting on the intelligentsia. This thesis is an effort to understand the specific motivations and factors that influenced writers in one of the most turbulent periods of South Asian history. In investigating the interplay between literature and politics there is an assessment of the success and limitations of a cultural movement that aspired to hegemony

Capital Structure, Business Strategy and Firm’s Performance: Evidence from Pakistan

The core objective of the current study is to explore the moderating role of business strategy on the established relationship between capital structure and firm performance by selecting the data of 333 non-financial firms of Pakistan over the period of 2006 to 2013. The empirical results indicate that debt financing is imperative both for the accounting and market performance of the selected firms while attempting to pursue the cost leadership strategy. Moreover, as the firms follow the hybrid strategy, product differentiation strategy and firms with unclear strategic situation, the benefits of debt decreases and incurs a significant performance penalty

Capital Structure, Business Strategy and Firm’s Performance: Evidence from Pakistan

The core objective of the current study is to explore the moderating role of business strategy on the established relationship between capital structure and firm performance by selecting the data of 333 non-financial firms of Pakistan over the period of 2006 to 2013. The empirical results indicate that debt financing is imperative both for the accounting and market performance of the selected firms while attempting to pursue the cost leadership strategy. Moreover, as the firms follow the hybrid strategy, product differentiation strategy and firms with unclear strategic situation, the benefits of debt decreases and incurs a significant performance penalty

Estimating Total Factor Productivity and Its Components: Evidence from Major Manufacturing Industries of Pakistan

This paper estimates the trend in total factor productivity growth for eleven major manufacturing sub-sectors/industries listed on Karachi Stock Exchange. 1998 to 2007 Malmquist total factor productivity growth indices have been calculated using nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis which also shows TFP growth sources including efficiency change and technical change. The results of this study are showing a mixed trend for all manufacturing sub-sectors/industries in terms of TFP, technical efficiency change and technological change. Cement and Oil and Gas marketing sectors depict a relatively stable position. Most of the manufacturing industries have gained, in terms of technical efficiency but the technical change is putting a negative affect on the productivity growth except for a few industries.Data Envelopment Analysis, Manufacturing Sector, Malmquist Productivity Index, Total Factor Productivity, Technical Efficiency Change, Technical or Technological Change, Pakistan

An Efficient Feature Selection Algorithm for Health Care Data Processing

The researcher used to study the tides depends on a qualitative approach that takes into account the review of past works and studies of various authors and researchers. The service sector is an explosive part of the economy in many countries. Its development is fraught with difficulties, including increased costs, wasteful aspects, poor quality, and the expansion of multifaceted nature. AI systems can be deployed in health programs they want to be qualified using statistics obtained from clinical activities, consisting of screening, diagnosis, corrective measures, etc. The advantage is due to proactive behavior and specialized medical services. Stimulates e-health and electronic monitoring at the forefront of research. AI systems can be deployed in health programs they want to be “qualified” using statistics obtained from clinical activities, consisting of screening, diagnosis, corrective measures, etc. On the other hand, among the various classes in a study in medical services, the use of data mining is usually used as an aid in clinical choice (42%) and for managerial purposes (32%). This segment examines the use of data mining in these territories, and the main points of these checks, performance holes, and key points are different

Estimating Total Factor Productivity and Its Components: Evidence from Major Manufacturing Industries of Pakistan

Manufacturing sector of Pakistan accounts for 19.1 percent of GDP and is the second largest sector of the economy. It grew by 8.4 percent during 2007 as against 10 percent last year. In the manufacturing sector, large scale manufacturing (LSM), plays a vital role and accounts for approximately 70 percent of overall manufacturing [Economic Survey of Pakistan (2006-07)]. During 2006-07 relatively slower pace of expansion exhibits signs of moderation on accounts of higher capacity utilisation, difficulties in the textile sector and lower than expected scale of operations of oil refineries. A number of other factors have also contributed to the low pace of expansion in manufacturing including zero percent growth in raw cotton production which is a critical input for the textile industry, vegetable ghee and cooking oil which comprise about 5.5 percent of the LSM sector, showed uninspiring performance due to unparalleled rise in international palm and soybean oil prices. The performance of the automobile sector has been far less impressive this year as compared to previous five years due to a fall in domestic demand for cars on account of increasing auto financing rates. The higher imports of used cars in the beginning of fiscal year 2006-07 also affected the performance of domestic auto mobile sector

Cardiac Toxicity of HER2-Directed Therapy in Women with Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Etiology, Risk Factors, and Management

The HER2-targeted therapy have profoundly changed the outcomes of women with HER2-positive breast cancers. Trastuzumab and pertuzumab, HER2-targeting monoclonal antibodies, lapatinib and Neratinib, small molecule inhibitors of HER2 and the epidermal growth factor receptor, and ado-trastuzumab emtansine, a HER2-positive directed antibody drug conjugate, are approved for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer