5 research outputs found
Socioeconomic evaluation of wild rice as famine food crop in Southern Darfur State, Sudan
Wild rice (Oryza barthii) is increasingly used in Sudan as a food crop. Wild rice is a whole grain, rich in minerals, vitamins, protein, starch, dietary fiber and various phytochemicals; and yet low in fat, with a beneficial fatty acids profile. The objective of this study was to evaluate the socioeconomic significance of wild rice as a famine food crop in Darfur state of Sudan. A study was conducted in five districts (Tullus, Gadad, Demso, Katila, and Umshtoor) in South Darfur in Sudan. Primary data were obtained through a face-to-face semi-questionnaire interview on 146 households; supplemented with interviews of key informants and group discussions. All respondents (100%) not only attested to knowing wild rice and its growth habits, but also consumption (93.8%) of the crop. Wild rice reportedly grows naturally and widely in valleys, although it was dismally exploited by the local population. It is harvested manually and traditionally; and sold mostly in the local markets, without post-harvest value additions. The crop is consumed in various meals, but mainly in the form of porridge. Some respondents (13%) used the crop in times of famine. Wild rice is stored in traditional containers (95.9%) for periods ranging from 8 to 12 years without visible storage problems.
 
VALUE OF CORAPE PLANT AS FAMINE FOOD IN DARFUR STATE, SUDAN
Darfur state of Sudan faces famine at different times, thus
necessitating a search for improved coping strategies. The objective of
this study was to assess the value of Corape ( Dactyloctenium
aegyptiacum ) plant as a food crop during famine periods in Darfur
state in Sudan. Atotal of 132 respondents purposely selected from
Alfashir, the capital of north Darfur were interviewed using a
semi-structured questionnaire. Also, key informants and focus group
discussions with local leaders of the area were engaged in data
collection. A total of 82.6% attested the existence of the Corape plant
in Darfur; while 49.2% confirmed its significance as a famine crop in
Darfur. Corape seed is used to prepare different types of meals and its
seed stores for 15 - 20 years. Corape vegetation is also used as animal
fodder, which according to 28% of the respondents can be stored for 6
to 12 months without significant deterioration in quality. This study
concluded that the Corape plant has a good potential as food and fodder
plant and can contribute significantly to household food security and
livelihoods of local communities, if the problems of storage and pests
were tackled.L\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour au Soudan est confront\ue9 \ue0 la
famine \ue0 diff\ue9rents moments, ce qui n\ue9cessite la
recherche de strat\ue9gies d\u2019adaptation am\ue9lior\ue9es.
L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait d\u2019\ue9valuer la
valeur de la plante chiendent patte-poule (Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum)
en tant que culture vivri\ue8re pendant les p\ue9riodes de famine
dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour au Soudan. Au total, 132
r\ue9pondants s\ue9lectionn\ue9s \ue0 dessein \ue0 Alfashir,
la capitale du nord du Darfour ont \ue9t\ue9 interrog\ue9s \ue0
l\u2019aide d\u2019un questionnaire semi-structur\ue9. En outre,
des informateurs cl\ue9s et des discussions de groupe avec des
dirigeants locaux de la r\ue9gion ont \ue9t\ue9 engag\ue9s dans
la collecte de donn\ue9es. Au total, 82,6% ont attest\ue9
l\u2019existence de la plante de chiendent patte-poule au Darfour ;
tandis que 49,2% ont confirm\ue9 son importance en tant que culture
de famine au Darfour. La graine de chiendent patte-poule est
utilis\ue9e pour pr\ue9parer diff\ue9rents types de repas et ses
r\ue9serves de graines pendant 15 \ue0 20 ans. La
v\ue9g\ue9tation de chiendent patte-poule est \ue9galement
utilis\ue9e comme fourrage pour animaux et 28% des r\ue9pondants
ont confirm\ue9 que la vegetation de chiendent patte-poule peut
\ueatre stock\ue9e pendant 6 \ue0 12 mois sans
d\ue9t\ue9rioration significative de la qualit\ue9. Cette
\ue9tude a conclu que la plante de chiendent patte-poule a un bon
potentiel en tant que plante vivri\ue8re et fourrag\ue8re et peut
contribuer de mani\ue8re significative \ue0 la s\ue9curit\ue9
alimentaire des m\ue9nages et aux moyens de subsistance des
communaut\ue9s locales, si les probl\ue8mes de stockage et de
ravageurs \ue9taient r\ue9solus
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS AND MANAGEMENT REGIMES ON USE OF FRUNDU AS FERMENTED FAMINE FOOD IN URBAN NORTHERN DARFUR IN SUDAN
Frundu, which in a local term in Darfur for fermented seeds of roselle
( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), is a traditional Sudanese food often used
as a meat substitute during famine times. The objective of this study
was to assess the relationships between socio-demographic and
management regimes on the use of Frundu as a food security commodity in
urban Darfur in Sudan. A survey involving 140 respondents was conducted
in El-Fashir city markets, where Frundu is a popular commodity in
Darfur markets. A semi-structured questionnaire and Chi square analysis
were used. It was found that the period of fermentation of Frundu
ranged from 3 to 7 days, depending on seasonal temperature. The storage
period of Frundu was on average one year. Over 55% of the respondents
acknowledged Frundu as critical a coping strategy when famine struck
Darfur and the majority of respondents were familiar with Frundu.
Frundu is becoming less popular in Darfur for several reasons;
including difficulty in obtaining Roselle seeds, competition from the
cheapest food items especially during non-famine time; and lack of
familiarity with Frundu among young generations. To boost its
production, processing and utilisation, farmers should be encouraged to
increase its cultivation particularly because it is an important cash
crops in Sudan.Frundu, qui est les graines ferment\ue9es de roselle dans un terme
local au Darfour (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), est un aliment traditionnel
soudanais souvent utilis\ue9 comme substitut de viande en
p\ue9riode de famine. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait
d\u2019\ue9valuer les relations entre les r\ue9gimes
socio-d\ue9mographiques et de gestion sur l\u2019utilisation du
Frundu comme produit de s\ue9curit\ue9 alimentaire dans le Darfour
urbain au Soudan. Une enqu\ueate aupr\ue8s de 140 r\ue9pondants a
\ue9t\ue9 men\ue9e sur les march\ue9s de la ville
d\u2019El-Fashir la o\uf9 Frundu est un produit populaire sur les
march\ue9s du Darfour. Un questionnaire semi-structur\ue9 et une
analyse du chi carr\ue9 ont \ue9t\ue9 utilis\ue9s. Il a
\ue9t\ue9 constat\ue9 que la p\ue9riode de fermentation du
Frundu variait de 3 \ue0 7 jours, selon la temp\ue9rature
saisonni\ue8re. La dur\ue9e de conservation du Frundu \ue9tait en
moyenne d\u2019un an. Plus de 55% des personnes interrog\ue9es ont
reconnu Frundu comme une strat\ue9gie d\u2019adaptation essentielle
lorsque la famine a frapp\ue9 le Darfour et la majorit\ue9 des
personnes interrog\ue9es connaissaient Frundu. Frundu devient moins
populaire au Darfour pour plusieurs raisons ; y compris la
difficult\ue9 \ue0 obtenir des graines de Roselle, la concurrence
des produits alimentaires les moins chers, en particulier dans la
p\ue9riode d\u2018 abondance; et le manque de familiarit\ue9 avec
Frundu parmi les jeunes g\ue9n\ue9rations. Pour stimuler sa
production, sa transformation et son utilisation, les agriculteurs
devraient \ueatre encourag\ue9s \ue0 augmenter la culture de
Frundu, parce que Frundu est une plante de cueillettes commerciales au
Soudan
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE-BASED EVALUATION OF AMBACHI TUBEROUS PLANT AS A FUTURE FAMINE FOOD CROP FOR DARFUR STATE, SUDAN
Malnutrition and associated diseases are major challenges in the
semi-arid Sahelian zone of Africa, where rainfall is <600 mm per
annum. The objective of this study was to document indigenous knowledge
on the significance and management of Ambachi ( Dioscorea hispida ) in
East Darfur State, Sudan. A total of 101 respondents was interviewed
using a semi-structured questionnaire in Bahr Alarab Locality, located
in East Darfur State. Additionally, key informants and group
discussions were held with local leaders to supplement data collection.
The results revealed that Ambachi plant is fairly plentiful in East
Darfur state, and grows naturally in the wild. All respondents were
knowledgeable about Ambachi plant\u2019s appearance, growth cycle,
usage and storage processes. Generally, Ambachi tubers are stored in
various types of natural and synthetic containers, and for varied
periods of time. However, up to 78% of the respondents reported Shawwal
(made of plastic material), as the most preferred container for storage
of dry tubers. Virtually all households (99%) attested to consuming
Ambachi-based foods particularly during famine periods. Up to 98% of
Ambachi plant tubers are soaked before cooking to remove the bitter
taste; and two thirds of interviewees were familiar with the cooking
process of Ambachi foods. Lastly, Ambachi plant tubers are tradable in
different local markets across the region; although it was mainly sold
in Abu matareg market located in Bahar Alara locality.La malnutrition et les maladies associ\ue9es sont des d\ue9fis
majeurs dans la zone sah\ue9lienne semi-aride de l\u2019Afrique
o\uf9 la pr\ue9cipitation est inf\ue9rieure \ue0 600 mm par an.
L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait de documenter les
connaissances autochtones sur l\u2019importance et la gestion
d\u2019Ambachi (Dioscorea hispida) dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour
oriental, au Soudan. Au total, 101 r\ue9pondants ont \ue9t\ue9
interrog\ue9s \ue0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un questionnaire
semi-structur\ue9 dans la localit\ue9 de Bahr Alarab, situ\ue9e
dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour oriental. De plus, des informateurs
cl\ue9s et des discussions de groupe ont \ue9t\ue9 organis\ue9s
avec les dirigeants locaux pour compl\ue9ter la collecte de
donn\ue9es. Les r\ue9sultats ont r\ue9v\ue9l\ue9 que la
plante Ambachi est assez abondante dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour
oriental et pousse naturellement \ue0 l\u2019\ue9tat sauvage. Tous
les r\ue9pondants connaissaient l\u2019apparence, le cycle de
croissance, l\u2019utilisation et les processus de stockage de la
plante d\u2019Ambachi. G\ue9n\ue9ralement, les tubercules
d\u2019Ambachi sont stock\ue9s dans divers types de contenants
naturels et synth\ue9tiques, et pendant des p\ue9riodes de temps
vari\ue9es. Cependant, jusqu\u2019\ue0 78 % des r\ue9pondants
ont indiqu\ue9 que Shawwal (fait de mati\ue8re plastique)
\ue9tait le conteneur le plus pr\ue9f\ue9r\ue9 pour le stockage
des tubercules secs. Pratiquement tous les m\ue9nages (99%) ont
attest\ue9 de consommer des aliments \ue0 base d\u2019Ambachi, en
particulier pendant les p\ue9riodes de famine. Jusqu\u2019\ue0 98
% des tubercules de la plante d\u2018 Ambachi sont tremp\ue9s avant
la cuisson pour \ue9liminer le go\ufbt amer ; et les deux tiers des
personnes interrog\ue9es connaissaient le processus de cuisson des
aliments d\u2018 Ambachi. Enfin, les tubercules de la plante
d\u2019Ambachi sont commercialisables sur diff\ue9rents march\ue9s
locaux de la r\ue9gion ; bien qu\u2019il ait \ue9t\ue9
principalement vendu sur le march\ue9 d\u2018 Abu Matareg situ\ue9
dans la localit\ue9 de Bahar Alara
INSIGHTS IN \u201cKHEMISS-TWEIRA\u201d AS A FAMINE PEARL MILLET COPING STRATEGY IN DARFUR STATE, SUDAN
In an effort to intervene in the relentless food shortages during
famine periods in Darfur and elsewhere in the country, the Sudanese
Government has vested interest in exploiting indigenous food resources
that are often given less development attention. The objective of this
study was to gain insights in the value and other perceptions
associated with, Khemiss-tweira, together with pearl millet (
Pennisetum glaucum ) as a famine coping food security crop in Darfur,
Sudan. The study was conducted in the displacement camps in El-Fasher
in North Darfur, with a particular focus on Naivasha markets. The data
were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, on a sample size
of 140 respondents. The study found that food was mostly scarce during
summer times. The majority of respondents (27.9%) used Khemiss-tweira
during the famine time. A large proporstion of respondents in El-Fasher
(92.1%) were familiar with Khemiss-tweira. The predominate method of
preparation Khemiss-tweira was in the sequence of
germination-fermentation- baking-drying-adding sugar and salt. The only
difference was in the last additions where only peanuts, dates or
sesame were the ingredients. The crop could be stored for more than a
year without reported deterioration in food value and quality.
Khemiss-tweira was commended for high acceptability by majority of the
s respondents (91.4%).Dans un effort pour intervenir dans les p\ue9nuries alimentaires
incessantes pendant les p\ue9riodes de famine au Darfour et ailleurs
dans le pays, le gouvernement soudanais a tout int\ue9r\ueat \ue0
exploiter les ressources alimentaires indig\ue8nes qui re\ue7oivent
souvent moins d\u2019attention en mati\ue8re de d\ue9veloppement.
L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait de mieux comprendre la
valeur et d\u2019autres perceptions associ\ue9es au Khemiss-tweira,
ainsi qu\u2019au millet perl\ue9 (Pennisetum glaucum) en tant que
culture de s\ue9curit\ue9 alimentaire faisant face \ue0 la famine
au Darfour, au Soudan. L\u2019\ue9tude a \ue9t\ue9 men\ue9e
dans les camps de d\ue9plac\ue9s d\u2019El-Fasher au Nord-Darfour,
avec un accent particulier sur les march\ue9s de Naivasha. Les
donn\ue9es ont \ue9t\ue9 recueillies \ue0 l\u2019aide
d\u2019un questionnaire semi-structur\ue9, sur un \ue9chantillon
de 140 r\ue9pondants. L\u2019\ue9tude a r\ue9v\ue9l\ue9 que
la nourriture \ue9tait la plupart du temps rare pendant les
p\ue9riodes estivales. La majorit\ue9 des r\ue9pondants (27,9%)
ont utilis\ue9 Khemiss-tweira pendant la p\ue9riode de famine. Une
grande partie des personnes interrog\ue9es \ue0 El-Fasher (92,1%)
connaissaient Khemiss-tweira. La m\ue9thode pr\ue9dominante de
pr\ue9paration Khemiss-tweira \ue9tait dans la s\ue9quence de
germination-fermentation-cuisson-s\ue9chage-ajout de sucre et de sel.
La seule diff\ue9rence \ue9tait dans les derniers ajouts o\uf9
seuls les cacahu\ue8tes, les dattes ou le s\ue9same \ue9taient
les ingr\ue9dients. La r\ue9colte pourrait \ueatre stock\ue9e
pendant plus d\u2019un an sans que l\u2019on signale une
d\ue9t\ue9rioration de la valeur et de la qualit\ue9 des
aliments. Khemiss-tweira a \ue9t\ue9 f\ue9licit\ue9 pour sa
grande acceptabilit\ue9 par la majorit\ue9 des r\ue9pondants
(91,4%)