The interactions of anti-nucleons in complex nuclei

The interactions of antinucleons in complex nuclei of emulsion have been studied. The three main lines of investigation are the following: 1) The annihilation at rest of antiprotons in the complex nuclei of emulsion has been studied and a method has been devised of separating the annihilations in the light and the heavy elements. By identifying the annihilations on the neutrons and protons in light elements it is shown that the ratio of the probabilities of annihilation proceeds equally through the singlet and triplet isospin channels. The apparent departures from this result for heavy elements have been accounted for by the secondary interactions of the annihilation products in the parent nuclei. 2) The antiproton is used as a nuclear probe to determine the distribution of memento of the nucleons of light elements such as carbon. It is found that the momenta of the nucleons of light elements such as carbon. It is found that the momenta follow the distribution expected from a harmonic oscillator model of the nucleus as found by other techniques and that these momenta extend up to about 400 MeV/c. 3) The interactions of antineutrons produced by the charge exchange of antiprotons with the emulsion nuclei have been studied and it has been shown that the general characteristics of the antineutron stars such as the sizes, the mean multiplicities of secondary mesons and their energy spectra are similar to those of antiproton stars. Finally, the charge exchange cross-section for antiprotons of moan energy 125 MeV has been determined and is found to be (17 ± 6) mb. This is close to the value expected from the calculations made for the charge exchange cross-section of antiprotons in complex nuclei

GAIT RECOGNITION PROGRESS IN RECOGNIZING IMAGE CHARACTERISTICS

We present a humans credentials system centered on ambulation characteristics. This problem is as eminent as acoustic gait recognition. The objective of the scheme is to explore sounds radiated by walking persons (largely the musical note sounds) and identifies those folks. A cyclic model topology is engaged to denote individual gait cycles. This topology permits modeling and detecting individual steps, leading to very favorable identification rates

Positive solutions for a system of singular second order nonlocal boundary value problems

Sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions for a coupled system of nonlinear nonlocal boundary value problems of the type (see PDF for details) are obtained. The nonlinearities (see PDF) are continuous and may be singular at t = 0, t = 1, x = 0, or y = 0. … An example is provided to illustrate the results

Positive Solutions for a Class of Coupled System of Singular Three-Point Boundary Value Problems

Existence of positive solutions for a coupled system of nonlinear three-point boundary value problems of the type −x′′(t)=f(t,x(t),y(t)), t∈(0,1), −y′′(t)=g(t,x(t),y(t)), t∈(0,1), x(0)=y(0)=0, x(1)=αx(η), y(1)=αy(η), is established. The nonlinearities f, g:(0,1)×(0,∞)×(0,∞)→[0,∞) are continuous and may be singular at t=0,t=1,x=0, and/or y=0, while the parameters η, α satisfy η∈(0,1),0<α<1/η. An example is also included to show the applicability of our result

Source of Bleeding and Per-Operative Findings in Extradural Hematoma (Edh): A Three-Year Experience in Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to analyze the main source of bleeding and operative findings in an extradural hematoma (EDH).   METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. The sample size of the study was analyzed through WHO sample size calculator and 300 diagnosed patients were recruited by purposive sampling technique. Ethical approval was taken from the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP) and the hospital’s ethical committee. By using the SPSS version 23.0, all the collected data were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of enrolled patients was 27.96±12.71 years. There were 65.7% male and 34.3% female. The most common age group was 21–30 years followed by 31 to 40 years and 11 to 20 years with the most common source of bleeding was middle meningeal artery, 39.7% of patients fall in the temporal parietal category. CONCLUSION: Middle meningeal artery is the most common source of bleeding in EDH. Therefore, proper management of this vessel is significant to avoid the chances of re-bleed and re-do surgeries.

Short term outcome of primary un-cemented total hip arthroplasty in osteonecrosis of femoral head

Background: Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) is characterised by cell death in the subchondral bone caused by abnormalities of blood flow to the femoral head. About 5% to 13% of arthroplasties are performed yearly for ONFH in United States. Ficat and Arlet classification is the commonest system used for grading of ONFH. Advanced stages 3 and 4 are best managed with total hip arthroplasty (THA). THA restores hip range of movement and allows early ambulation in ONFH.Methods: After seeking approval from local institutional ethical committee 25 patients with stage 3 and stage 4 ONFH (Ficat and Arlet) were admitted from OPD of SKIMS MC and Hospital Bemina, Srinagar. The study was conducted from February 2018 to February 2020 in department of Orthopaedics SKIMS MC and Hospital Bemina, Srinagar.  25 patients with mean age of 50.64 years comprising of 13 females and 12 males with unilateral osteonecrosis of femoral head with collapsed head underwent uncemented total hip arthroplasty and were followed up to a minimum of 1 year post-operatively.Results: Outcome was evaluated by comparing pre-operative and post-operative Harris hip scores. The average Harris hip scores improved from 65.87 in the pre-operative group to 96.54 at 1-year follow-up post-operatively. Marked improvement was noted in pain scores. No revisions were performed during the study. One patient developed superficial surgical site infection which healed with supervised dressings and oral antibiotics.Conclusions: Uncemented THA has excellent short-term outcomes in advanced stages of ONFH. It provides mobile hip joint and pain free ambulation shortly after surgery

Level of conus medullaris termination in adult Kashmiri population: a magnet resonance imaging-based study

Background: The spinal cord is considered as the principle content of vertebral canal. It begins as a downward extension of medulla oblongata at the level of upper border of first cervical vertebrae (C1). The terminal part of spinal cord is conical and is termed as conus medullaris. In adults the level of termination of conus medullaris varies between T12 to L3 vertebrae. The level of termination of conus medullaris is clinically important to avoid injuries during spinal anaesthesia and lumber puncture. Methods: The saggital magnetic resonance images of 168 patients were reviewed in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Government Medical College, Srinagar from January 2022 to June 2022. The most caudal point of the cord was considered as the tip of conus medullaris. A line was drawn through the tip perpendicular to the long axis of spinal cord to determine its location with adjacent vertebra. Results: The level of conus medullaris termination was most commonly located at T12-L1 intervertebral disc level. The results revealed a significant statistical difference in levels of termination of conus medullaris with respect to age and sex. Conclusions: In literature, the highest level of conus medullaris termination is stated to be at T11-T12 Intervertebral disc and the lowest level at the body of L3 vertebra. Therefore, spinal anaesthesia and lumber puncture procedure should be done below L3 vertebral body in order to avoid iatrogenic complications

Structural organization and pattern of innervations of human Meissner’s corpuscle: a light microscopic study

Background: Human glabrous skin has very rich nerve supply in the form of specialized nerve endings like Meissner’s corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, Krause end bulbs etc for carrying sensory information to brain. Aim of study: To study the structure, pattern of innervations and nerve terminations of human Meissner’s corpuscle. Methods: Skin samples from sixty human beings (age range 2 to 72 years) were taken, sections prepared and stained with a cytological (Haematoxylin – Eosin and Vongieson’s stains) and a neural stain (Silver Impregnation). Results: With cytological stain, Meissner’s corpuscles were seen in dermal papillae of glabrous skin, each consisting of a cellular structure having a peripheral capsule and central core of transversely arranged cells. With neural stain, each corpuscle was seen to be oval, globular or cylindrical structure, having a capsule surrounding the core of spirally arranged nerve fibers, sandwiched by Schwann cells. In between nerve fibers of the core were seen small bundles of collagen fibers. 2-6 nerve fibers innervated each Mc from the sub corial plexus of nerves and formed various patterns of nerve endings like networks, end bulbs and varicosities inside the Meissner’s corpuscle. Conclusion: Meissner’s corpuscle is a complex structure composed of capsule - consisting of spindle shaped capsular cells interspersed in collagen fibers, surrounding a core of helically arranged nerve fibers, Schwann cells and collagen fibers

Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis: Two Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Northern India and Review of Literature

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the present trend of osteo-articular tuberculosis at a teaching hospital in North India.Methods: All the cases of skeletal tuberculosis that were diagnosed and managed either on outdoor or in-hospital stay basis over a period of two years were evaluated with respect to age, gender, anatomical location of lesion, laboratory parameters (ESR, Mantoux test, HIV screening), concomitant skeletaltuberculous lesions, associated pulmonary tuberculosis, and other associated clinical features.Results: A total of 84 skeletal tuberculous lesions in 80 patients were enrolled for the study. The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 70 years with a mean of 29.1±19.1 years. 55% patients were in second and third decade of life and 63.7% were males. ESR was elevated in 61.25% and 56.25% tested positive forMantoux skin test. 21.25% patients had associated active or healed focus of tuberculosis in the lungs. Spine was the most common site involved (58.75%) followed by hip (13.1%), knee (8.3%), foot (4.7%) and shoulder joint (3.5%). Lumbar spine was the most common site affected in the spine followed by lowerdorsal spine. 3.75% cases had multifocal skeletal tuberculous lesions.Conclusion: Prevalence of osteo-articular tuberculosis continues to be high in North India with the disease predominantly affecting young population. Spine is the most common site for skeletal tuberculosis followed by hip, knee, foot and shoulder. Lumbar region followed by lower dorsal spine is much more affected.Multifocal skeletal lesions incidence is lower than expected. And one-fifth of the patients have associated pulmonary tubercular lesion