Beneficial role of allicin from garlic in cervical cancer

Introduction: Cervical cancer remains a global health concern for females. Thus, in order to control cervical cancer, attempts are being made by researchers globally to somehow induce programmed cell death in the said cancerous cells. Wide spectrums of molecules are being probed for its ability to induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Focus has now shifted in exploring natural compounds having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules that may induce apoptosis in cancerous cells. Thus, we have employed allicin from garlic- a natural antioxidant, to probe the above in the present study.
Objective: To probe whether or not allicin from garlic, a natural antioxidant, induces apoptosis in monocytes from patients with cervical cancer.
Results: Allicin (500 ng/ml) reduced cell viability to 27% after 24 hours of treatment. Moreover, allicin-induced apoptosis was ascertained by measuring the activity of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9-like proteases in allicin treated and untreated monocytes from cervical cancer patients. Monocyte co-cultured with allicin for 24 hrs exhibited higher activity of caspase-3 followed by caspase-8 and caspase-9 like proteases, thereby indicating that the activation of caspase-3 like proteases was associated with reduced cell survival and apoptotic death of allicin-treated cervical cancer monocytes. This was ascertained by pre-treatment of cancer cells with cell permeable inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (caspase-3 inhibitor), Z-IETD-FMK (caspase-8 inhibitor) and Z-LEHD-FMK (caspase-9 inhibitor) followed by allicin for 24 hrs (p<0.001). In this case, the cell viability assay showed that the presence of Z-VAD-FMK inhibitor blocked the effect of allicin on the viability of cancer monocytes (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Allicin from garlic may act as an adjunct in the chemotherapy of cervical cancer.
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Konsep Pendidikan Islam Menurut Ibnu Sina dan Ibnu Qayyim Al Jauziyyah

This study aims to describe the concept of Islamic education thought by Ibn Sina and Ibn Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah. The development of Islamic education thinking is important to improve and develop the quality of Islamic education in schools so that they can compete at the international level. The research method is descriptive qualitative and the data collection technique is a library study. The results of this study illustrate that there are fundamental differences from the concept of Islamic education thought both initiated by Ibn Sina and Ibn Qayyim, Ibn Sina's own thoughts are more inclined to the application of knowledge that is adapted to the age level of the child, while Ibn Qayyim's thinking is more inclined to inculcating values ​​of faith and the use of reason to develop children's thinking horizons. However, the thoughts of the two Muslim figures can still be used as a relevant reference in developing Islamic education in Muslim countries around the world, one of which is in Indonesia

Input and State Estimation for Discrete-Time Linear Systems with Application to Target Tracking and Fault Detection

This dissertation first presents a deterministic treatment of discrete-time input reconstruction and state estimation without assuming the existence of a full-rank Markov parameter. Algorithms based on the generalized inverse of a block-Toeplitz matrix are given for 1) input reconstruction in the case where the initial state is known; 2) state estimation in the case where the initial state is unknown, the system has no invariant zeros, and the input is unknown; and 3) input reconstruction and state estimation in the case where the initial state is unknown and the system has no invariant zeros. In all cases, the unknown input is an arbitrary deterministic or stochastic signal. In addition, the reconstruction/estimation algorithm is deadbeat, which means that, in the absence of sensor noise, exact input reconstruction and state estimation are achieved in a finite number of steps. Next, asymptotic input and state estimation for systems with invariant zeros is considered. Although this problem has been widely studied, existing techniques are confined to the case where the system is minimum phase. This dissertation presents retrospective cost input estimation (RCIE), which is based on retrospective cost optimization. It is shown that RCIE automatically develops an internal model of the unknown input. This internal model provides an asymptotic estimate of the unknown input regardless of the location of the zeros of the plant, including the case of nonminimum-phase dynamics. The input and state estimation method developed in this dissertation provides a novel approach to a longstanding problem in target tracking, namely, estimation of the inertial acceleration of a body using only position measurements. It turns out that, for this problem, the discretized kinematics have invariant zeros on the unit circle, and thus the dynamics is nonminimum-phase. Using optical position data for a UAV, RCIE estimates the inertial acceleration, which is modeled as an unknown input. The acceleration estimates are compared to IMU data from onboard sensors. Finally, based on exact kinematic models for input and state estimation, this dissertation presents a method for detecting sensor faults. A numerical investigation using the NASA Generic Transport Model shows that the method can detect stuck, bias, drift, and deadzone sensor faults. Furthermore, a laboratory experiment shows that RCIE can estimate the inertial acceleration (3-axis accelerometer measurements) and angular velocity (3-axis rate-gyro measurements) of a quadrotor using vision data; comparing these estimates to the actual accelerometer and rate-gyro measurements provide the means for assessing the health of the accelerometer and rate gyro.PHDAerospace EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145813/1/ansahmad_1.pd

Managing Trust of E-customers in Online Shopping – A Case Study of Saudi Arabia

Purpose: Developing countries are still dealing with basic issues in promoting online shopping. One such issue faced by ecommerce since inception is the lack of trust of the e-customers about the overall online shopping concept. Saudi Arabia is the largest economy in the middle east going through huge reforms in economic and social areas. The main aim of the current study was to explore the level of importance a Saudi e-customer puts on trust in online shopping to motivate them to adopt it. Methodology: The study is descriptive and quantitative based on primary data collected from respondents including Saudis and non-Saudis living in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected by close-ended structured questionnaire. The intensity of response on importance of trust was taken on five point Likert scale. To encourage high response rate and reliable data the English questionnaire was translated into Arabic language as it is the spoken language of the country. To get the results to satisfy the objectives of the study, following statistics analyzed the primary data namely mean, frequency, percentage, and t-test to measure the difference between the Saudis and Non-Saudis. Implications: The results will be useful for the e-retailers especially in Saudi Arabia and middle-east and also outside the region. The e-retailers can understand the concern area of e-customers and thus plan to minimize it to build e-customers trust. Limitations: The study is based on data from Saudi Arabia, therefore for generalization of the findings the same study may be conducted in other regions. Keyword: E-retailer, E-consumer, Trust, online shopping, Saudi Arabia DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-6-0

Does herding exist in lottery stocks? Evidence from the Indian stock market

In this paper, we investigate the presence of herd behaviour among lottery stocks using Max, skewness and idiosyncratic volatility in the Indian stock market during the period January 2000 to December 2018. We demonstrate that the herd behaviour is non-existent across proxies of lottery-stocks MAX and skewness and find that the herd behaviour is present among highly idiosyncratic stocks. This sheds light on why herding is not detected in the prior studies as it may be concentrated among stocks with certain characteristics. Further, it provides evidence of adverse herding

Retrospective Cost Adaptive Control of Generic Transport Model Under Uncertainty and Failure

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143070/1/1.I010454.pd

Wobbling motion in the multi-bands crossing region

The backbending in the A=180 mass region is expected to be caused by multi-bands crossing between low-K (g- and s-bands) and high-K bands. % We analyze a mechanism of coupling of these bands in terms of a dynamical treatment for nuclear rotations, i.e., the wobbling motion. The wobbling states are produced through the generator coordinate method after angular momentum projection, in which the intrinsic states are constructed through the 2d-cranked HFB calculations.Comment: 9 pages, 3 PS figures: to appear in Phys.Lett.

Soil quality assessment in difference vegetation structures of Surajpur lake: An urban wetland of Upper Gangetic plain, Northern India

Surajpur Lake is the prominent wetland site in National Capital Region, India known for its rich avifaunal and other aquatic biodiversity. Present study was carried out to assess the soil quality in different vegetation structures in Surajpur wetland from March 2010 to February 2013. Soil Sampling was conducted in five different vegetation habitats in the study area by applying standard sampling protocols. A total of 9 Physical and 16 chemical parameters were selected for analysis. The overall means of physical parameters of soil sample includes soil moisture content 11.17 ± 3.03 %, bulk density 1.19 ± 0.01 gm/ml, porosity 35.00 ± 5.10 %, water holding capacity 35.00 ± 3.86 %, soil organic carbon 0.09 ± 0.05 %, electrical conductivity 276.42 ± 112.83 ds/m, pH value 9.98 ± 0.42 was recorded. The means of chemical parameters of soil sample includes total Kjeldahl nitrogen 286.76 ± 42.41 mg/kg, available phosphorus 338.50 ± 32.75 mg/kg, potassium 2.85 ± 0.39 mg/kg, calcium level 10.86 ± 6 73 mg/kg, magnesium 10.56 ± 4.43 mg/kg, iron 14.90 ± 1.99 mg/kg, manganese 289.13 ± 42.89 mg/kg, zinc 4.20 ± 0.45 mg/kg, chloride 223.73 ± 62.64 mg/kg, sulphate 150.21 ± 27.99 mg/kg and silica oxide 7.97 ± 1.45 mg/kg. Boron, Copper and Molybdenum nutrients recorded less than one mg/kg in the soil sample. The viable count of bacteria recorded an overall mean of 16,56,000.00 ± 11,06,157.31 cfu/g. The results indicated that the essential mineral nutrients are widely distributed in the soil and are pollution free and also no any organic waste is coming to the site. Soil is good enough to support rich biodiversity to form a complete food web in the Surajpur wetland ecosystem