Integrating vocational training in culinary arts and Islamic studies at juvenile rehabilitation centres: Malaysian experience

The Juvenile Rehabilitation Centres (JRC) in Malaysia aims to provide shelter, counselling and skills training to juveniles specifically for those who wish to transform themselves from the regrettable misdeeds they have committed. At JRCs, an integrated Culinary Vocational Training and Islamic education forms part of their training curriculum. The skills acquired should enable trainees to secure jobs upon completion of training. However, there are some training institutions that lack systematic training structures resulting in trainees becoming less skilful in both vocational and Islamic education. The objective of this research is to identify the effectiveness of an integrated Culinary and Islamic Education curriculum implemented at JRCs in Malaysia. This is a descriptive survey and data was obtained using questionnaire and interview. Respondents comprised 92 trainees, four managers, four culinary trainers and four Islamic education teachers, all from four different JRCs. The findings show that the trainees are happy with their trainings that brought about positive effects for them. Some suggestions have been made to provide improvements in the implementation of the course among them the inclusion of prayers in the Islamic education syllabus

A question of hierarchy: matter effects with atmospheric neutrinos and anti-neutrinos

It is by now established that neutrinos mix, have (different) non-zero masses, and therefore oscillate. The oscillation parameters themselves, however, are not all well-known. An open problem is that of the neutrino mass hierarchy. We study the possibility of determining the neutrino mass hierarchy with atmospheric neutrinos using an iron calorimeter detector capable of charge identification such as the proposed MONOLITH and ICAL/INO detectors. We find that such detectors are sensitive to the sign of the mass-squared difference, \delta_{32} = m_3^2 - m_2^2, provided the as-yet unknown mixing angle between the first and third generations, \theta_{13}, is greater than 6 degrees (\sin^2 2\theta_{13} > 0.04). A result with a significance greater than 90% CL requires large exposures (more than 500 kton-years) as well as good energy and angular resolution of the detected muons (better than 15%), especially for small \theta_{13}. Hence obtaining definitive results with such a detector is difficult, unless \theta_{13} turns out to be large. In contrast, such detectors can establish a clear oscillation pattern in atmospheric neutrinos in about 150 kton-years, therefore determining the absolute value of \delta_{32} and \sin^2 2 \theta_{23} to within 10%.Comment: 36 pages revtex with 14 eps figures; new section on statistical significance when detector resolution is include

High Performance Anticorrosive Polyester Coatings on Mild Steel In Mixed Acid Mixtures Environments

Anticorrosive polyester based composite coatings on mild steel applied to mixed acid storage tank containing varying compositions of Sulfuric Acid, Nitric acid provide anticorrosive solutions. These coatings are capable to inhibit the redox reactions. In consideration of above, the purpose of present work is to prevent corrosion on mixed acid storage tank through application of appropriate polyester coatings on their surface and structures that will be used in chemical industries where these acids are being stored. In this project, the surface of mild steel was coated by protective polymer coatings. Lab scale storage tanks of mild steel were coated with anticorrosive (fiber reinforced laminate-vinyl and fiber reinforced laminate palatal p-4). Various coatings compositions were explored based on esters. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Gamry Potentiostat Tafel Scan analyses tools were used and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was conducted to investigate the surface morphology of these coatings. The applied polymer based composite coatings provided excellent corrosion resistance in both Laminate palatal fiber reinforced (LAM-P/FR) and laminate vinyl fiber reinforced (LAM-V/FR) coatings condition and reduction in corrosion rate. These bespoke coatings can be widely used to protect mild steel structures which are usually acid storage tanks and are used in various chemical industries with acidic environment. The study estimated that 25 to 30% of annual corrosion costs could be saved as well as production increases if these corrosion protection coatings were employed

A Review on Reconfigurable Low Pass Bandstop Filter Based on Technology, Method and Design

Abstract-Reconfigurable filter technology is in robustness development. Due on the tunable and reconfigurable capability will contribute a various advantages in wireless applications. This tuning selectivity consist a numerous method, for example using varactor, micromachines, and PINdiodes.This review paper discussed PIN diodes as a switching element. The design and development of different types of switching element were then described. This paper presents of reconfigurable low pass bandstop filter WLAN, UWB bands applications for the past few years that operatedbetween1 to 5.6GHz. Most of the studies were focus on Chebyshev filter because of the excellent selectivity and the response is easy to be analyzed. Different types of method have been introduced in reconfigurable low pass bandstop filter, design and performance of the filter will then be compared

A Review on Reconfigurable Low Pass Bandstop Filter Based on Technology, Method and Design

Abstract-Reconfigurable filter technology is in robustness development. Due on the tunable and reconfigurable capability will contribute a various advantages in wireless applications. This tuning selectivity consist a numerous method, for example using varactor, micromachines, and PINdiodes.This review paper discussed PIN diodes as a switching element. The design and development of different types of switching element were then described. This paper presents of reconfigurable low pass bandstop filter WLAN, UWB bands applications for the past few years that operatedbetween1 to 5.6GHz. Most of the studies were focus on Chebyshev filter because of the excellent selectivity and the response is easy to be analyzed. Different types of method have been introduced in reconfigurable low pass bandstop filter, design and performance of the filter will then be compared

Emergency shutdown valve reliability function test by automated Partial Stroke Testing System

Partial stroke testing (PST) is a technique that is regularly practiced in oil and gas industries to test the emergency shutdown (ESD) valve by closing a certain percentage of the valve position and stop any flow through the pipeline. Generally, it only functions when there is an emergency occurring in the production system. When the ESD valve remains in one position for a long period, there is a risk and potential of fail on demand which is, the ESD valve fail to operate during the emergency shutdown. This testing can reveal approximately 75 of unrevealed failures in valves. It can also provide predictive maintenance data that can contribute to the extension of the preventive maintenance for the ESD valve. The objectives of this paper are to design, simulate, build and test the performance of the automated PST system based on PLC. Four guidelines and methodology are used in this work. First, understanding the operation of the PST system. Then, the utilization of the capability of MATLAB-Simulink software as the simulation tool for the PST design system. Next, designing the PST automated system based on PLC design and lastly, testing the performance of the PST design system using lab scale PST system prototype that has been built. Results of the project shows that the PST system is successfully designed and simulated via MATLAB-Simulink and the PLC programming is working in the correct order as performed on the prototype

Theoretical Analysis of a Two-stage Sagnac loop filter using Jones Matrices

In this work, a theoretical analysis of a Sagnac loop filter (SLF) with two-stage polarization maintaining fibers (PMFs) and polarization controllers (PCs) is presented. The transmission function of this two-stage SLF is calculated in detail by using Jones matrix. The calculation is performed in order to investigate the filtering characteristics. The theoretical results show that the wavelength interval is depending on the dynamic settings of the length of the PMFs and the polarization angle of the PCs. By changing the polarization angle of the PCs, a multiple of single, dual or triple wavelength in each channel can be achieved. Based on this study, a flat multiwavelength spectrum can be obtained by adjusting the PMFs and the PCs in the two-stage SLF. This finding significantly contributes to the generation of multiwavelength fiber laser (MWFL) that can be used for many optical applications

Neutrino oscillation probabilities: Sensitivity to parameters

We study in detail the sensitivity of neutrino oscillation probabilities to the fundamental neutrino parameters and their possible determination through experiments. The first part of the paper is devoted to the broad theme of isolating regions in the neutrino (and anti-neutrino) energy and propagation length that are sensitive to the oscillation parameters. Such a study is relevant to neutrinos both from the Earth's atmosphere or from a neutrino factory. For completeness we discuss the sensitivity, however small, to the parameters involved in a three-generation framework, and to the Earth matter density profile. We then study processes relevant to atmospheric neutrinos which are sensitive to and allow precision measurements of the mixing angle theta_23 and mass-squared difference delta_32 apart from the mixing angle theta_13. Crucial to this analysis is charge identification; detectors having this capability can isolate these matter effects. In particular, we address the issue of using matter effects to determine whether the mixing angle theta_23 is maximal, and, if not, to explore how well its octant can be determined. When realistic detector resolutions are included, we find that deviations of about 15% (20%) from a maximal value of sin^2 theta_23=1/2 can be measured at 95% (99%) CL provided theta_13 is non-zero, sin^2 theta_13 >= 0.015, and the neutrino mass ordering is normal, with fairly large exposures of 1000 kton-years.Comment: 37 pages Latex file, 30 eps figure files; minor typos fixe

Low Cost Tunable Bandstop Filter Design of Defected Ground Structure using FR4 Substrate

Abstract- This paper presents a tunable bandstop filter design using defected ground structure (DGS) where FR4 substrate is used as a low cost solution compared to others substrate such as Teflon and Rogers RT/Duroid. Thus, the performance of the tunable DGS bandstop filter using FR4 substrate is analyzed in this paper. Besides, analytical modeling of the tunable bandstop filter is derived and discussed as well where the tunable element of varactor diodes are used in the design. As result, tuning range in simulation is achieved from center frequency of 0.445 to 1.99GHz while the tuning range of fabricated filteris from 0.495 to 1.88GHz. The range of bandstop attenuation is between 9 to 46 dB for tuning voltage between 0 to 8 V