Estimating Cell Capacity for Multi-Cell Electrical Energy System

A Multi-Cell Electrical Energy System is a set of batteries that are connected in series. The series batteries provide the required voltage necessary for the contraption. After using the energy that is provided by the batteries, some cells within the system tend to have a lower voltage than the other cells. Also, other factors, such as the number of times a battery has been charged or discharged, how long it has been within the system and many other factors, result in some cells having a lesser capacity compared to the other cells within the system. The outcome is that it lowers the required capacity that the electrical energy system is required to provide. By having an unknown cell capacity within the system, it is unknown how much of a charge can be provided to the system so that the cells are not overcharged or undercharged. Therefore, it is necessary to know the cells capacity within the system. Hence, if we were dealing with a single cell, the capacity could be obtained by a full charge and discharge of the cell. In a series system that contains multiple cells a full charging or discharging cannot happen as it might result in deteriorating the structure of some cells within the system. Hence, to find the capacity of a single cell within an electrical energy system it is required to obtain a method that can estimate the value of each cell within the electrical energy system. To approach this method an electrical energy system is required. The electrical energy system consists of rechargeable non-equal capacity batteries to provide the required energy to the system, a battery management system (BMS) board to monitor the cells voltages, an Arduino board that provides the required communication to BMS board, and the PC, and a software that is able to deliver the required data obtained from the Arduino board to the PC. The outcome, estimating the capacity of a cell within a multi-cell system, can be used in many battery related technologies to obtain unknown capacities of different cells; such as the EcoEagle that partially receives its power from the electrical energy system. This thesis was conducted as the theory behind the EcoEagles Electrical Energy System

Following the Script: How Drug Reps Make Friends and Influence Doctors

This article, which grew out of conversations between a former drug rep and a physician who researches pharmaceutical marketing, reveals the strategies used by reps to manipulate physician prescribing

Comparison of total antioxidant capacity of saliva in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic pregnant women

Pregnancy is considered a stressful event, results in higher levels of oxidative stress and considerable changes in physiological and metabolic functions such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Due to the cumulative effect of antioxidants and considering the controversies in this area, this study was undertaken to investigate the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of saliva in pregnant women whit gestational diabetes in comparison to non-diabetic pregnant women. In this cross-sectional study (2015-16), a total of 31 women with a diagnosis of GDM and 59 non-diabetic pregnant women were included in the diabetic and control groups, respectively. Salivary samples were collected by spitting method. When all samples were collected, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured with the use of a commercial kit following the manufacturer?s instructions. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney test using SPSS 18. Average TAC level in the saliva of women with gestational diabetes was 0.10 ± 0.14, with 0.04 ± 0.11 in non-diabetic pregnant women. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test showed that this difference was statistically significant (P=0.024). Under the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that there is an increase in oxidative stresses during pregnancy, followed by an increase in the total levels of salivary antioxidants to counteract such stresses. Therefore, it is expected that determining the salivary antioxidant levels during pregnancy can be an alternative technique for the early diagnosis of diabetes

Laminated Injection Mould with Conformal Cooling Channels: Optimization, Fabrication and Testing

Conformal cooling channels follow the cavity shape and can provide a better cooling performance in injection moulds. Laminated tooling is one of the techniques for manufacturing injection moulds with conformal cooling systems. A laminated tool is made by stacking metal sheets of varying thicknesses from which pre–calculated profiles have been cut. The stacked sheets result in a jagged die surface that has to be finished before use. Although larger number of small thickness sheets result in small irregularities that can be finished easily, it increases the cost of profile cutting process. Therefore, one of the issues in laminated tooling is determination of sheet thicknesses so that the laminated die can be made optimally. In this paper, an optimization method is presented to find the best size of the various laminas based on CAD model surface geometry such that the surface jaggedness and the number of slice is reduced at the same time. The final mould is fabricated based on suggested optimization method. It is then tested to show the improvement in cooling performance as compared to the same die with conventional cooling channels.This work has been supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canad

Combination targeted pulmonary hypertension therapy in the resolution of Dasatinib-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Dasatinib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but known complication. The mainstay of treatment is cessation of Dasatinib, and while clinical improvement is rapid, complete hemodynamic resolution of pulmonary hypertension (PH) still remains exceedingly uncommon. We present a case of Dasatinib-induced PAH in a woman with chronic myeloid leukemia, who demonstrated rapid and complete clinical and hemodynamic resolution following treatment with combination pulmonary vasodilator therapy using an endothelin receptor antagonist and a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor. This case suggests there may be an association between the use of targeted PH medication in combination and the complete resolution of dasatinib-associated PAH, but further investigation is required

Boundary crossing problems and functional transformations for Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes

We are interested in the law of the first passage time of driftless Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes to time varying thresholds. We show that this problem is connected to the law of the first passage time of the process to some two-parameter family of functional transformations which, for specific values of the parameters, appears in a realisation of a standard Ornstein-Uhlenbeck bridge. We provide three different proofs of this connection. The first proof is based on a similar result to the case of the Brownian motion, the second uses a generalisation of the so-called Gauss-Markov processes and the third relies on the Lie group symmetry method applied to the Fokker-Planck equation of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We investigate the properties of this transformation and study the algebraic and analytical properties of an involution operator which is used in constructing it. We also show that this transformation maps the space of solutions of Sturm-Liouville equations into the space of solutions of the associated nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Lastly, we discuss the interpretation of such transformations through the method of images and give new examples of curves with explicit first passage time densities.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figure

Investigating the possible neurological side effects follow the COVID-19 vaccine

Background: With the widespread of COVID-19 vaccination around the world, there are many case reports which referred to the neurological complications following vaccination. However, due to the lack of more information about this, especially in our country Iran, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible neurological side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1046 people injecting various types of COVID-19 vaccines, including Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, CovIran-Barekat, Covaxin, SpikoGen, and PastoCovac plus, who were registered in the health system due to vaccine complications. These people were evaluated in terms of the overall incidence rate of neurological complications, types of neurological complications, and the relationship between the occurrence of neurological complications and the type of vaccine. Results: Of all patients, 589 (56.3%) were female and 457 (43.7%) were male, and most of them were from the age group of 60 years and older (43.8%). 247 people (23.6%) had neurological complications that most of them related to the headache (16.6%). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the neurological side effects associated with the covid-19 vaccination were in mild level and most of them were seen in AstraZeneca vaccine and so, in line with the recommendation of the European medicines agency, the injection of this vaccine should be done with caution