EXAMINATION OF THE IMPLICATION OF INFORMATION PROCESSING ON THE LIBRARY USERS LEARNING COMPREHENSION/SATISFACTION.

The paper looked at Information Processing Theory\u27s implications for the Library users’ learning satisfaction. The study discussed the nature of information and asserted that the dissemination of information empowers learning since the world is increasingly becoming information-based. It looked at information processing as the standard for understanding and satisfactory learning against memorization, leading to poor academic performance as it does not allow what the learner has learned to be part of him. The study also discussed that the instructor, facilitator, teacher, lecturer, and users have a role to play in processing information that improves learning. What remains essential is the fact that users of information must be equipped with the skills, services the library renders to its users to ensure they are satisfied and methods that allow them to continually be relevant and viable in the face of changes that could be uncertain and enormous. For an enhancing success story to be recorded, issues that pertain to educational backwardness like strikes incidences that encourage ad-hoc teaching and learning should be addressed properly as this is a very significant militating factor on the scheduling of educational programs. The discussion concluded by presenting the human mind as having the capability to aid understanding, storage, and retrieval of learning materials, which are properly processed by the learners (library users’). Data were obtained by administration of 600 copies of questionnaire to final year students at the social Science library of the Readers Services while preparing for their Examination after resumption from COVID-19 pandemic crises/ ASUU strike. Accordingly, 600 questionnaire copies were distributed to final year students of Accounting, Banking & Finance, Economics, Education, Geography, and Sociology. Only 467 usable copies were returned and analyzed for this descriptive survey study. The study revealed that out of the 467 respondents, 229 (49.03%) were males, and 238 (50.96%) were females. Results of the study revealed that respondents were aware of Information processing theory. From table 3 (objective 2), respondents have applied it to their studies without knowing the name as it exists; thus, the disagreement indicated that some students applied it differently from the ones listed in the study options. The study also revealed that they have benefited from it. The study concludes that users’ who applied this theory to their learning were satisfied when compared with previous methods. It was recommended that more research be carried out in this regard to allow respondents to point out other ways in which they have applied this information processing theory

Effect of daylight hours on performance of growing grasscutters

The grasscutter (Thryonomysswinderianus) holdspromise as a source of increased protein for populations of Sub-Sahara African countries. It is inexpensive to feed and features the feed utilization characteristics of ruminants and monogastrics. It is nocturnal in its activities, especially feeding. This experimentwas carried out to determine the effect of daylight hours or photoperiod on growing grasscutters under intensive rearing conditions. The effect of daylight hours on growing grasscutters was determined using sixteen 8-months old femalegrasscutters. Thegrasscutters were separated into four groups and allotted to four  treatments of varying daylight hours. The treatments included; zero (0) hours of daylight and twenty four (24) hours (6.00 am-6.00 am) of darkness (0L:24D), six antemeridiem (am) hours (6.00 am-12.00 noon) of daylight and eighteen (18) hours (12.00 noon-6.00 am) of darkness(6L(am):18D), six post-meridiem (pm) hours (12.00 noon-6.00 pm) of daylight and eighteen (18) hours (6.00 pm-12.00 noon) of darkness (6L(pm):18D) and twelve (12) hours (6.00 am-6.00 pm) of daylight and twelve (12) hours (6.00pm- 6.00am) of darkness (12L:12D).Allgrasscutters were fedadiet containing 2200kilocalories metabolizable energy perkilogram (KcalME/kg) and crude protein (CP) level of 20%. Cassava root meal and wheat offalwere the main sources of energy, while soybean meal was the main source of protein in the diets. Elephant grass was fed as basal diet.The results showed thatforage, concentrate (diet) and total feed intake, and daily weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) higher under the 6 post-meridiem hours of daylight and 18 hours of darkness (6L(pm):18D) than under other conditions. It was, therefore, concluded that the optimum daylight conditions required for the rearing of growing grasscuttersare the six (6) hours of post-meridiem daylight, followed by eighteen (18) hours of darkness

Carcass and organ characteristics of broiler finisher chickens fed matured sun-dried nypa palm fruit (Nypa fruticans) nut meal

Graded levels of matured sun-dried nypa palm fruit nut meal (Nypa fruiticans) as replacement for maize in the diet of finisher broiler chicken was carried out in a feeding trial that lasted for 56 days. One hundred and eighty (180) eight weeks old broilers were used. The birds were assigned to six dietary treatments of three replicates each. The experiment was conducted using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Each diet represented a treatment. Diet I served as the control free of the test component. The remaining five (5) diets were formulated on 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent substitution levels of matured sun-dried nypa palm fruit nut meal for maize. The diets and water were provided ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Data generated on carcass and visceral organs were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results revealed that dressing percentage decreased with increasing level of nypa palm fruit meal substitution. Carcass mean for the drumstick, breast, back and thigh were significantly (P<0.05) different, while the relative weights of the neck and wings were not significantly (P>0.05) different from each other. Weights of the visceral organs for the gizzard, heart, liver, proventriculus, abdominal fats and intestinal weights were significantly (P<0.05) different. However, the relative organs of the kidney, lungs and crop were not significantly (P>0.05) different. Conclusively, the low abdominal fat associated with increase substitution level of nypa palm fruit nut meal for maize is an assurance of good benefit for people with heart related problems. Keywords: Carcass and organs, characteristics, broiler finisher, matured sun-dried, nypa fruit mea

Intersectionality and mixed methods for social context in entrepreneurship

Purpose This conceptual paper has two central aims: to critically analyse the potential of intersectionality theory as a means by which to understand aspects of context in entrepreneurship studies, and advocate for the value of a realist perspective and mixed methods approaches to produce better intersectional research on entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach Highlighting context as an emerging topic within entrepreneurship literature, the paper examines how drawing upon notions of intersectionality and positionality can help to explain the social context for entrepreneurial activity and outcomes, particularly in terms of agency and resources. Findings The paper complements and extends existing intersectional approaches to entrepreneurship studies by introducing Archer’s critical realist philosophical perspective on agency and Anthias’ positional perspective on resource access, considering the usefulness of realism and mixed methods approaches for such work, and outlining a methodologically informed potential research agenda for the area. Originality/value The paper offers a theoretical foundation for researchers to begin systematically exploring social entrepreneurial context by accounting for the effects of overarching intersecting structures such as gender, race, and socio-economic class (amongst others), presents empirical methods through which these social-structural influences, and the degree of their impact, can be identified and analysed, and suggests a philosophically robust means of conceptualising how, in combination with agency, they influence essential aspects of entrepreneurial activity

Training Cataloguers in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) Era to Promote Research Best Practices in University of Calabar

This study investigated training Cataloguers in ICTs era to promote research best practices in University of Calabar. One hundred copies of questionnaire were purposively distributed to professionals and paraprofessionals in University of Calabar Library with an instruction that only those who had performed cataloguing and classification services should respond. On retrieval only 21 usable copies were found and analyzed for this study. Result from the study reveal that Cataloguers are very few in University of Calabar and among the few (21), 17 have already worked for up to 15years and above while only 4 have worked for 4years. Study reveal that Cataloguers mostly get training through personal efforts and only two cataloguers have received University sponsorship for cataloguing and classification. It is also revealed that Cataloguers have many skills to learn through training in ICTs.The challenges militating against their participation include; high cost of training, lack of organization sponsorship and poor implementation of Institution staff development policy. The paper thus recommends an urgent stepping up for training Cataloguers in ICTs based skills, because of the dearth of Cataloguers needed for the future of Librarianship. Also, since Cataloguers perform both academic and administrative duties, Institutional policy has to be revised to make room for this group to get training as at when due without bottlenecks. As this encouraged participation allows cataloguers to be abreast of current trends in cataloguing services, it will make for effective and efficient participation that would ultimately lead to applications that would promote research best practices. Keywords: Training, Cataloguers, ICTs, Academic library

INFORMATION: UNDERSTANDING THE ESSENTIALS OF SEGMENTATION FROM JOB PERFORMANCE TO USERS’ SATISFACTION.

This study was designed to trace the essentials of Segmentation from job performance to users’ satisfaction in academic libraries in three universities in Cross River State. In order to achieve this purpose, four research objectives were formulated to direct the study. A literature review was done on related variables. A survey research design was adopted, and a sample of 800 respondents was administered questionnaire in the following sequence: University of Calabar 400, University of Cross River State (former CRUTECH) 250 copies, and College of Health Technology150. Data were analyzed using tables and simple percentage calculations. It was found that users knew many segmentation strategies. Protuberant among them were; Segmentation enables users to identify their specialty789(100%) quickly, Resources are acquired, arranged, and directed to users based on disciplinary segments/professions789(100%), and during challenges, users can be sought for solutions as a group if they were shy individually764(06.83%). From objective 2, users agreed to study discipline/course 778(98.61%) and level of educational status789(100%), a mixture of psychographic and behavioral characteristics, were used for segmenting users in academic libraries. The results of the analysis in Objective 3 revealed that Segmentation enhances library use and access to information materials with general reading 657(83.27%), coursework/assignment/group discussion748(94.80%), personal development 604(76.55%), Exam preparation 724(91.76%), Globalization related 639(80.99), Health-related 568(71.86%), and Employment related 487(61.73%). Results from objective 4 showed that the critical steps in Segmentation that works better for academic libraries were only Need-based and segment identification: others were probably useable at companies or industrial sites. Finally, the study concluded that Segmentation was done to match users\u27 needs with library supply capabilities so that users can have satisfactio

INFORMATION: KNOWLEDGE ON PERCEPTION OF RESOURCE ACCESS AND INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM (IF)

Purpose: The study investigated information: Knowledge on perception of resource access and intellectual freedom. It is to display the state of the art at such a time when the political prowess had been used as a militating factor against the innovations that would have salvaged the cry for the quest for a developed economy through readership and intellectual freedom. Methodology: Descriptive research survey was adopted to sample three academic libraries in Cross River South province; with 700 copies of questionnaires. Availability sampling was used giving a return rate of 676(96.57%).Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and percentages. Findings: From objective 1, study showed that respondents had awareness that librarians’ job performances enhanced intellectual freedom (IF) with the highest item level of 668 (98.82%) and a lowest item level of 636(94.08%). Objective 2 result showed that resource access from libraries enhances IF with the highest item score of 673 (99.56%) and lowest item score of 662 (97.93%). Respondents ascertained twenty- two (22) challenges related to the 21st century and highlighted five (5) steps as the way forward for IF. As a result, resource access in libraries should be encouraged by stakeholders as gaining knowledge would enable citizens to have IF which in turn, would empower them to contribute meaningfully to positive changes in human developments. Originality: This paper offers valuable information on the perception of RA as it concerns intellectual freedom in three University Libraries in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria

Optimum replacement level of the soybean meal for processed horse eye bean meal (Mucuna urens) in the broiler finisher diet

The high cost of broiler production in Nigeria has been attributed to overdependence on the most expensive conventional protein sources. Hence the need to source for alternative but promising feedstuffs. A 28- day feeding trial was therefore conducted to determine the feeding processed horse eye bean meal (HEBM) in finisher broiler ration.Six experimental diets were formulated. Diet 1 was the control, while various quantities of HEBM was used to replace soy bean meal (SBM) in the control diet at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% for diets 2,3,4,5, and 6, respectively. Two hundred and sixteen, 28 days old broilers used for the experiment were distributed on weight equalization basis into threereplicates of 36 birds per treatment in a completely randomized design. Data generated were statistically analysed and the significant means separated. The result showed that increased level of HEBM in the diet did not significantly (P>0.05) influence the final body weight, average weekly weight gain, average weekly feed intake and the feed conversion ratio. Equally, the weight of cut parts and internal organs were not statistically (P>0.05) affected. The cost/kg of feed, cost of feed consumed and cost/kg weight gain reduced significantly (P<0.05) with increase in thelevel of HEBM in the diet. It was concluded that up to 60% of the SBM in the broilers finisher diet could be replaced by processed HEBM for higher economics returns

An Inflammatory Cascade Leading to Hyperresistinemia in Humans

BACKGROUND: Obesity, the most common cause of insulin resistance, is increasingly recognized as a low-grade inflammatory state. Adipocyte-derived resistin is a circulating protein implicated in insulin resistance in rodents, but the role of human resistin is uncertain because it is produced largely by macrophages. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The effect of endotoxin and cytokines on resistin gene and protein expression was studied in human primary blood monocytes differentiated into macrophages and in healthy human participants. Inflammatory endotoxin induced resistin in primary human macrophages via a cascade involving the secretion of inflammatory cytokines that circulate at increased levels in individuals with obesity. Induction of resistin was attenuated by drugs with dual insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties that converge on NF-κB. In human study participants, experimental endotoxemia, which produces an insulin-resistant state, causes a dramatic rise in circulating resistin levels. Moreover, in patients with type 2 diabetes, serum resistin levels are correlated with levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor, an inflammatory marker linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: Inflammation is a hyperresistinemic state in humans, and cytokine induction of resistin may contribute to insulin resistance in endotoxemia, obesity, and other inflammatory states