The Concept of security and the Viability of Global Governance

The concept of security incorporates within its meaning, at the same time, political, social and cultural connotations, and essentially entails a certain malleability that may, at times, escape any aim for legal structure. Without a doubt, no contemporary theory of international law, no international relations approach, and no political or humanistic discourse can currently avoid it, regardless of the angle according to which it is dealt with. As to the notion of governance, it has been described as the sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, public and private, manage their common affairs through a dynamic and complex process of interactive decision-making. When attempting to encompass both ideas, that is, if the question about governance (on a global scale) is indeed pertinent or even possible security wise, the fact is that working with probabilities –as security requires it-, and trying to organize them and build them into a plan, certainly makes mandatory to question if that response to different sets of circumstances is structured according to a process of interactive decision-making –as mentioned before-, in the search for the encompassment of the majority of subjects of international law is merely logical, which is the aim of this paper

Promoção de práticas alimentares saudáveis em pré-escolares de uma instituição educacional dacidade de Medellín

Food practices in schoolchildren show a high prevalence of sugar consumption. The objective of the study was to describe the prevalence of cavities, nutritional habits in preschoolers and first and to promote healthy eating practices at the school Ciudadela Nuevo Occidente. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was carried out with the participation of 61 boys and girls of the preschool, first and second grade, 80 parents or representatives and a non-participant observation was made to schoolchildren, school store and innkeepers, to explore the habits of food consumption in the Institution. Finally, a playful educational strategy was implemented that promoted healthy eating practices. A descriptive analysis of the information collected, and a bivariate analysis were carried out to compare the findings within the study period. The development study during the period 2017-II and 2019-II. Results: 60% of the respondents belonged to a level 1 socioeconomic stratum, 61% of parents had complete and incomplete secondary schooling. 58.8% have a daily consumption of sweets and soft drinks. The frequency of caries was 47.5% and white spots was 49.1%. Cariogenic foods are in the environment of children. 18 educational activities were carried out with 160 preschool and first school children and their teachers. Conclusions: practices such as high sugar intake, poor brushing, not packing children’s toothbrush for school,are risk factors that expose schoolchildren to cavities.Las prácticas alimentarias en escolares, muestran una alta prevalencia del consumo azucares. El objetivo del estudio fue describir la prevalencia de caries, los hábitos nutricionales en niños de preescolar y primero y fomentar prácticas alimentarias saludables en la Institución educativa Ciudadela Nuevo Occidente. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, con la participación de 61 niños y niñas del grado de preescolar y primero, 80 padres de familia o representantes y se realizó una observación no participante a los escolares, tienda escolar y venteros, para explorar los hábitos de consumo de alimentos en la Institución. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la información recolectada y un análisis bivariado para comparación de los hallazgos dentro del periodo de estudio. El estudio de desarrollo durante el periodo 2017-II y 2019-II. Resultados: el 60% de los encuestados pertenecía a un estrato socioeconómico nivel 1, el 61% de padres tenían escolaridad de secundaria completa e incompleta. 58,8% tiene un consumo diario de dulces y gaseosas. La frecuencia de caries fue del 47,5% y mancha blanca fue del 49,1%. Los alimentos cariogénicos están en el entorno de los niños. Se realizaron 18 actividades educativas con 160 niños de preescolar y primero y sus profesoras. Conclusiones: prácticas como el alto consumo de azúcar, un cepillado deficiente, no empacar a los niños el cepillo de dientes para el colegio, son factores de riesgo que exponen a los escolares a la aparición de la caries.As práticas alimentares em escolares mostram alta prevalência de consumo de açúcar. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a prevalência de cáries, hábitos nutricionais em crianças pré-escolares e da primeira série e promover práticas alimentares saudáveis na instituição de ensino Ciudadela Nuevo Oeste. Materiais e métodos: estudo descritivo, com a participação de 61 meninos e meninas da pré-escola e primeira série, 80 pais ou representantes e foi realizada observação não participante dos escolares, loja escolar e lojistas, para explorar hábitos de consumo de alimentos. na Instituição. Foi realizada análise descritiva das informações coletadas e análise bivariada para comparação dos achados no período do estudo. O estudo de desenvolvimento durante o período 2017-II e 2019-II. Resultados: 60% dos entrevistados pertenciam a um estrato socioeconômico de nível 1, 61% dos pais tinham ensino médio completo ou incompleto. 58,8% consomem doces e refrigerantes diariamente. A frequência de cárie foi de 47,5% e de mancha branca foi de 49,1%. Os alimentos cariogênicos estão no ambiente infantil. Foram realizadas 18 atividades educativas com 160 crianças da pré-escola e da primeira série e seus professores. Conclusões: práticas como alto consumo de açúcar, má escovação e não levar as escovas de dente das crianças para a escola são fatores de risco que expõem os escolares ao aparecimento de cáries.

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales