34 research outputs found
Saloum, du poste frontière au camp de réfugiés : Les exilés de Libye deux ans après
Ce rapport est basé sur une mission d’étude réalisée en Egypte conjointement par La Cimade et l’Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) en février 2013. Il tente de dresser un état des lieux de la situation des exilés vivant au camp de Saloum deux ans après sa création
Double-blind randomized proof-of-concept trial of canakinumab in patients with COVID-19 associated cardiac injury and heightened inflammation
AIMS: In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), myocardial injury is associated with systemic inflammation and higher mortality. Our aim was to perform a proof of concept trial with canakinumab, a monoclonal antibody to interleukin-1β, in patients with COVID-19, myocardial injury, and heightened inflammation.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This trial required hospitalization due to COVID-19, elevated troponin, and a C-reactive protein concentration more than 50 mg/L. The primary endpoint was time to clinical improvement at Day 14, defined as either an improvement of two points on a seven-category ordinal scale or discharge from the hospital. The secondary endpoint was mortality at Day 28. Forty-five patients were randomly assigned to canakinumab 600 mg (
CONCLUSION: There was no difference in time to clinical improvement at Day 14 in patients treated with canakinumab, and no safety concerns were identified. Future studies could focus on high dose canakinumab in the treatment arm and assess efficacy outcomes at Day 28
Resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease in an APOE3 Christchurch homozygote: a case report.
We identified a PSEN1 (presenilin 1) mutation carrier from the world's largest autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease kindred, who did not develop mild cognitive impairment until her seventies, three decades after the expected age of clinical onset. The individual had two copies of the APOE3 Christchurch (R136S) mutation, unusually high brain amyloid levels and limited tau and neurodegenerative measurements. Our findings have implications for the role of APOE in the pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
Viscous dynamics associated with hypoexcitation and structural disintegration in neurodegeneration via generative whole-brain modeling
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) lack mechanistic biophysical modeling in diverse, underrepresented populations. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a high temporal resolution, cost-effective technique for studying dementia globally, but lacks mechanistic models and produces non-replicable results. METHODS We developed a generative whole-brain model that combines EEG source-level metaconnectivity, anatomical priors, and a perturbational approach. This model was applied to Global South participants (AD, bvFTD, and healthy controls). RESULTS Metaconnectivity outperformed pairwise connectivity and revealed more viscous dynamics in patients, with altered metaconnectivity patterns associated with multimodal disease presentation. The biophysical model showed that connectome disintegration and hypoexcitability triggered altered metaconnectivity dynamics and identified critical regions for brain stimulation. We replicated the main results in a second subset of participants for validation with unharmonized, heterogeneous recording settings. DISCUSSION The results provide a novel agenda for developing mechanistic model-inspired characterization and therapies in clinical, translational, and computational neuroscience settings
2015 Research & Innovation Day Program
A one day showcase of applied research, social innovation, scholarship projects and activities.https://first.fanshawec.ca/cri_cripublications/1002/thumbnail.jp
Intubationoro-trachéale sous curares (association propofol-sufentanil)
RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
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Genetics of dementia: insights from Latin America
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are neurodegenerative disorders that result in a significant burden to both patients and caregivers. By 2050, the number of people with dementia in Latin America will increase 4-fold. A deep understanding of the relevant genetic factors of AD and FTD is fundamental to tackle this reality through prevention. A review of different genetic variants that cause AD or FTD in Latin America was conducted. We searched Medline and PubMed databases using the keywords "Alzheimer's disease," "frontotemporal dementia," "mutation," "America," and "Latin America," besides specific Latin American countries. Forty-five items were chosen and analyzed. PSEN1 mutations are the commonest cause of genetic early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), followed by PSEN2 and APP mutations. Genetic FTD can be mainly explained by GRN and MAPT mutations, as well as C9orf72 G4C2 repeat expansion. APOE ε4 can modify the prevalence and incidence of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), in addition to the cognitive performance in affected carriers
Relationship between Behavioral and Objective Measures of Sound Intensity in Normal-Hearing Listeners and Hearing-Aid Users: A Pilot Study
Background: For hearing-impaired individuals, hearing aids are clinically fit according to subjective measures of threshold and loudness. The goal of this study was to evaluate objective measures of loudness perception that might benefit hearing aid fitting. Method: Seventeen adult hearing aid users and 17 normal-hearing adults participated in the study. Outcome measures including categorical loudness scaling, cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs), and pupillometry. Stimuli were 1-kHz tone bursts presented at 40, 60, and 80 dBA. Results: Categorical loudness scaling showed that loudness significantly increased with intensity for all participants (p p p < 0.05); there was no significant effect of hearing aid amplification. A Focused Principal Component analysis revealed significant correlations between subjective loudness and some of the objective measures. Conclusion: The present data suggest that intensity had a significant impact on loudness perception, CAEPs, and pupil response. The correlations suggest that pupillometry and/or CAEPs may be useful in determining comfortable amplification for hearing aids
Prevent dementia : a public health challenge in Colombia
Al editor:
En la presente carta se pretende sensibilizar al lector sobre la magnitud e importancia de ver a la demencia como prioridad en salud pública en Colombia. Se plantea la necesidad de intervenciones efectivas, en especial, en prevención secundaria como punto decisivo en la modificación de la historia natural de la enfermedad. Se exponen los datos del contexto epidemiológico nacional más reciente, brindando al lector un panorama sobre la importancia del problema en el país y la urgencia de direccionar las intervenciones de acuerdo con las necesidades propias de nuestra población. Luego de analizar las diez primeras causas de muerte en el mundo, se encuentra que la demencia es la única que carece de tratamientos curativos o modificadores (1). Su prevalencia mundial es de 35,6 millones de personas afectadas y se estima que para el año 2050 aumentará a 150 millones de casos (2,3). Metaanálisis de estudios multicéntricos en Latinoamérica, China e India han estimado que el riesgo instantáneo de muerte en un paciente con demencia es 2,8 veces el de un paciente sin demencia (HR = 2,80, IC 95 % = 2,48-3,15) (4,5). En consecuencia, se ha puesto en marcha una activa respuesta para afrontar esta enfermedad, empleando programas dirigidos a la reducción de factores de riesgo cardiovascular y promoción de la actividad física, en aras de reducir la incidencia de demencia. Para interpretar el panorama nacional y contrastarlo con las cifras antes presentadas, se requiere una mirada detenida en varios de sus determinantes.Revista Nacional - Indexad
Estimating barriers to gene flow from distorted isolation-by-distance patterns
In continuous populations with local migration, nearby pairs of individuals have on average more similar genotypes
than geographically well separated pairs. A barrier to gene flow distorts this classical pattern of isolation by distance. Genetic similarity is decreased for sample pairs on different sides of the barrier and increased for pairs on the same side near the barrier. Here, we introduce an inference scheme that utilizes this signal to detect and estimate the strength of a linear barrier to gene flow in two-dimensions. We use a diffusion approximation to model the effects of a barrier on the geographical spread of ancestry backwards in time. This approach allows us to calculate the chance of recent coalescence and probability of identity by descent. We introduce an inference scheme that fits these theoretical results to the geographical covariance structure of bialleleic genetic markers. It can estimate the strength of the barrier as well as several demographic parameters. We investigate the power of our inference scheme to detect barriers by applying it to a wide range of simulated data. We also showcase an example application to a Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon) flower color hybrid zone, where we do not detect any signal of a strong genome wide barrier to gene flow