Dinâmica das Relações Interacionais em Fóruns de Discussão em um Curso de Graduação a Distância Representada por Sociogramas

O trabalho analisa a dinâmica das relações entre alunos, professores e tutores em fóruns de interação de um curso de graduação em Ciências Biológicas. Para tanto, o nível de interação foi observado em fóruns de discussão de quatro disciplinas curriculares e representadas por sociogramas elaborados com o software Pajek®. Percebeu-se que o aluno desempenha papel central nas discussões e na construção do processo de ensino aprendizagem e que sua participação nas disciplinas se torna progressivamente mais autônoma como o desenvolvimento temporal do curso. Observou-se ainda que a quantidade de participações nem sempre está diretamente relacionada com a qualidade, já que os alunos que mais postaram comentários nem sempre geraram interações significativas. Logo, é possível inferir que os sociogramas são ferramentas importantes para interpretação dos dados e avaliação de participação de alunos, professores e tutores em fóruns de discussão

Laying parameters of meat quails breeders submitted to lighting programs at growing phase

ABSTRACT: When applied at growing phase, lighting program aims to obtain quails with body weight and physiological maturity suitable for the beginning of laying. This study evaluated lighting programs at growing phase on performance, sexual maturity and egg quality of meat quail breeders (Coturnixcoturnix) at laying phase. From 7 to 49 days of age, 300 female meat quails were subjected to three lighting programs (natural, intermittent and continuous), with 5 replicates of 20 birds each. At 49 days of age, 240 quails were transferred to a shed, maintaining the same experimental conditions. Meat quails submitted to continuous and intermittent lighting programs had higher weight of reproductive system and lower ages for first egg production and to reach 50% of egg production (P < 0.05). Quails submitted to natural lighting had lower feed intake from 49 to 70 and 71 to 92 days of age and worse feed conversion up to 114 days of age. Continuous and intermittent lighting programs resulted in more precocious quails compared to natural lighting program. Quails submitted to natural lighting at growing phase presented lower egg production during all periods, not differing for birds submitted to continuous and intermittent programs from the second period (71 to 92 days of age). Intermittent and continuous lighting result in better feed conversion of breeding quails up to 114 days and a higher percentage of laying (49 to 136 days), reducing the number of days to produce the first egg and to reach 50% of laying, in relation to natural lighting

Manejo e complicações relacionadas a corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia

This article seeks to present the management and complications related to foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology. The study is an integrative literature review. It was thus possible to structure the following guiding question: “What are the complications and management related to patients with foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology?”. A survey was carried out through the electronic library, the Virtual Health Library (BVS), and the following databases were selected: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE ). With this, the descriptors consulted in the Descriptors in Science and Health (DeCS), in the month of August 2023, were used: “Foreign bodies”, “Otorhinolaryngology” and “Hospital Medicine”, using the Boolean operator AND between the descriptors when combined. After applying the eligibility criteria, a total of 7 selected articles were used. Serious complications were defined as having a deep neck infection, esophageal perforation, and mediastinitis requiring hospitalization. Around 80 to 90% of ingested FBs pass spontaneously and the complication rate involves perforation, mucosal laceration and infection, although some are uncommon, the associated morbidity can cause hospital stays of up to six times longer than that of patients hassle free. Most situations that lead to EC accidents are preventable, and it is necessary to have improvements in the issue of training of otorhinolaryngologists in order to avoid serious complications.Este artículo busca presentar el manejo y las complicaciones relacionadas con los cuerpos extraños en otorrinolaringología. El estudio es una revisión integradora de la literatura. Fue así posible estructurar la siguiente pregunta orientadora: “¿Cuáles son las complicaciones y el manejo relacionado con los pacientes con cuerpos extraños en otorrinolaringología?”. Se realizó una encuesta a través de la biblioteca electrónica, la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), y se seleccionaron las siguientes bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Con esto, se utilizaron los descriptores consultados en los Descriptores en Ciencia y Salud (DeCS), en el mes de agosto de 2023: “Cuerpos extraños”, “Otorrinolaringología” y “Medicina Hospitalaria”, utilizando el operador booleano Y entre los descriptores cuando conjunto. Luego de aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad, se utilizaron un total de 7 artículos seleccionados. Las complicaciones graves se definieron como infección profunda del cuello, perforación esofágica y mediastinitis que requirieron hospitalización. Alrededor del 80 al 90% de los CE ingeridos pasan espontáneamente y la tasa de complicaciones involucra perforación, laceración mucosa e infección, aunque algunas son poco comunes, la morbilidad asociada puede provocar estancias hospitalarias hasta seis veces más largas que la de los pacientes sin complicaciones. La mayoría de situaciones que conducen a accidentes de CE son prevenibles, y es necesario mejorar en materia de formación de los otorrinolaringólogos para evitar complicaciones graves.Este artigo busca apresentar o manejo e complicações relacionadas a corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia. O estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foi possível assim estruturar a seguinte pergunta norteadora: “Quais as complicações e manejo relacionado a pacientes com corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia?”. Foi feito um levantamento através da biblioteca eletrônica sendo a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), sendo selecionada as seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Com isso, foi utilizado os descritores consultados nos Descritores em Ciência e Saúde (DeCS), no mês de agosto de 2023, sendo: “Corpos estranhos”, “Otorrinolaringologia” e “Medicina Hospitalar”, utilizando o operador booleando AND entre os descritores quando combinados. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram utilizados 7 artigos selecionados ao total. As complicações graves foram definidas como as que possuíam uma infecção profunda do pescoço, perfuração esofágica e mediastinite que necessitavam de hospitalização. Em torno de 80 a 90% dos CE ingeridos passam de forma espontânea e a taxa de complicações envolvem perfuração, laceração da mucosa e infecção, embora algumas sejam incomuns a morbidade associada pode causa internação hospitalar de até seis vezes mais longa do que a de pacientes sem complicações. A maioria das situações que levam a acidentes a CE são evitáveis, sendo necessário que se tenha melhorias na questão da formação dos otorrinolaringologistas a fim de evitar sérias complicações

Calcium anacardate in the diet of broiler chickens: the effects on growth and bone quality

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of adding calcium anacardate (ACa) as a source of anacardic acid to the diet of broiler chickens on the growth, quality and bone composition of the femur and tibia of the birds. A total of 840 male chicks, one day old, were kept in a completely randomised experimental design, with six treatments and seven replications of 20 birds. The following treatments were applied: a diet without the addition of growth promoter (GP), a diet with added GP and other diets with no GP and the addition of ACa at levels of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1%. The variables under analysis were the weight, length, diameter, Seedor index, and the resistance and deformity of the left femur and tibia of the birds. For bone composition, the dry matter and mineral matter of the right femur and tibia of the chickens were analysed. There were no significant differences between treatments in the growth, quality or composition of the femur or tibia of the birds, showing that the use of calcium anacardate as a source of anacardic acid does not affect bone deposition in broiler chickens up to 42 days of age

Ethanolic extract of mango seed used in the feeding of broilers: effects on phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and meat quality

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including different levels of ethanolic extract of mango seed (EEMS) in broiler chicken rations on their phenolic compound levels, antioxidant activity, and meat quality. Initially, 756 one-day-old male chicks of the Ross 308 line were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with seven treatments and six replicates of 18 birds. The treatments consisted of (i) a ration without the addition of antioxidants, (ii) a ration with the addition of 200 ppm of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and (iii) a ration with the addition of 200, 400, 600, 800, or 1000 ppm of EEMS. According to the results, the values of phenolic compounds, the lipid stability of meat (measured by the value of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), shear force, loss of cooking water, color, and pH of the meat differed significantly between the treatments. For the antioxidant activity of the meat, there was no significant difference between the treatments by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method; however, by the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) method, the breast meat of broilers fed diets containing EEMS from 600 ppm and up presented higher antioxidant capacity when compared with the meat of the birds fed the control diet. In the ABTS method, there was no significant difference between the use of synthetic antioxidant BHT and the addition of EEMS at different levels. In conclusion, the addition of EEMS does not affect meat quality parameters of broilers, but when a dose of 600 ppm or more is added, the antioxidant capacity of meat measured by the ABTS method increases.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author