Pilates Mat and body composition of postmenopausal women

El objetivo de este trabajo es cuantificar, mediante Absorciometría Dual Fotónica de Rayos- X (DXA), las modificaciones de la composición corporal que la práctica de Pilates Mat produce en mujeres posmenopaúsicas de vida sedentaria. Tras un programa de ejercicios de 9 meses de duración a razón de 2 sesiones por semana de 60 minutos cada una, se observó un aumento significativo del compartimento muscular a nivel de tronco (p=0,028), abdomen (p=0,010) y brazos (p=0,042), así como una disminución significativa de la grasa de las piernas (p=0,000). La densidad mineral ósea de la columna lumbar (L2, L3 y L4) también aumentó de forma significativa. Los resultados sugieren que la práctica de Pilates Mat en mujeres posmenopaúsicas mejora su composición corporalThe aim of this study was to quantify the changes in body composition after Mat Pilates practice in postmenopausal sedentary women using Dual X-ray Photon Absorptiometry (DXA). After a 9-month exercise program consisting of 2 sessions per week of 60 minutes each, a significant increase was observed in the muscle mass of the trunk (p = 0.028), abdomen (p = 0.010) and arms (p = 0.042). A significant decrease was observed in the leg fat mass (p = 0.000). Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (L2, L3 and L4) also increased significantly. The results suggest that the practice of Mat Pilates in postmenopausal women improves their body compositio

Biological Responses in the Blood and Organs of Rats to Intraperitoneal Inoculation of Graphene and Graphene Oxide

Background: The discrepancy among the in vivo results found in the literature regarding graphene’s side effects led us to conduct an in vivo study with graphene. Methods: In vivo tests involving intraperitoneal inoculation of graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets in rats were carried out to assess potential changes in the blood and organs after 15 and 30 days. Graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets at a concentration of 4 mg per kilogram were suspended in an aqueous solution of 0.9% NaCl at a 1:1 proportion (graphene or graphene oxide), i.e., 1 mg/mL. Results: Optical microscopy of liver, kidney, spleen, and lung tissues revealed no visible histological changes. However, particle traces were found in the peritoneal cavity. Thirty days after inoculation, blood samples were collected for hematological analysis. The blood analysis showed changes indicating a hepatic inflammatory process. Hematological changes after 30 days consisted of alterations to the red series, including microcytosis or higher mean hemoglobin concentrations. In addition, changes in prothrombin and thromboplastin caused longer coagulation times. Conclusion: This study contributes to further clarifying the possible toxicity of graphene and its potential biomedical applications.This research was funded by the “Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness” [MAT2015-67750-C31;32;33-R] and the “Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities” [RTI2018-101506-B-C31;32;33]

Approval requirements for payphones connected to public switched telephone networks

16.00Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:6237.6969(OFTEL-OTR--002) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

In vivo and macrophage response of graphene and its derivatives

The possible application in the biomedical field of reduced Graphene oxide (ErGO) on CoCr alloy has been studied. Biocompatibility tests were carried out on ErGO/CoCr alloy. The discrepancy of in vivo results found in the literature regarding the side effects of graphene led to perform an in vivo study with graphene. Biocompatibility tests of ErGO/CoCr were evaluated in J774A.1 mouse macrophages cultures. Mitochondrial activity (WST-1 assay) and plasma membrane damage (LDH assay) were measured to evaluate biocompatibility and cytotoxicity, respectively. The ratio of LDH/WST-1 activities was used as an index of biocompatibility as relates cell death and cell number, reaching a low value on ErGO/CoCr. Morphological analyses of macrophages cultures revealed different cell distribution and morphology on CoCr and ErGO/CoCr, after 48 h exposure. Optical microscopy and secondary electron microscopy images showed macrophages on the ErGO/CoCr well-distributed and conserved characteristic cell shape. These results show an improvement in the CoCr biocompatibility due to ErGO films. In vivo tests of graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets were carried out by intraperitoneal inoculation in rats to evaluate possible changes in the blood line and organs after 15 and 30 days. Optical microscopy of liver, kidney, spleen or lung, revealed no visible histological alterations. However, traces of particles were found in the peritoneal cavity. The blood analysis showed alterations indicative of the hepatic inflammatory process. Haematological changes after 30 days consisted of alterations of the red series as microcytosis with a higher concentration of mean haemoglobin. In addition, alteration in prothrombin and thromboplastin caused a longer coagulation time.The authors acknowledge the financial support from MAT2015-67750-C3

Biocompatibility of Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide on biomedical grade CoCr alloy. In vivo response of graphene

The Annual Congress of the European Federation of CorrosionIn this work, electrochemically reduced Graphene oxide (ErGO) films are formed on the biomedical grade CoCr alloy to study its possible application in biomedical field. Biocompatibility tests were carried out to assess the biomedical performance of ErGO on the CoCr alloy. The discrepancy of in vivo results found in the literature regarding the side effects of graphene led to perform a previous in vivo study with Graphene. The reduction of an aqueous suspension of graphene oxide was carried out by electrochemical methods to generate ErGO films on CoCr alloys. The direct electrodeposition process was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) at room temperature. Characterization of the ErGO on CoCr alloys was carried out by XPS. Electrochemical procedure led to the deposition of graphene-based films on the CoCr surfaces after the partial removal of the oxygenated functional groups present in the graphene network of starting graphene oxide (GO). Biocompatibility tests of ErGO on CoCr were evaluated in J774A.1 mouse macrophages cultures, which are the main cells involved in the primary response to foreign bodies playing a decisive role in the inflammatory reactions. In vivo tests were carried out by intraperitoneal inoculation of graphene nano particles in rats evaluating possible changes in the blood line and in different organs. CV revealed the reduction of the GO around -1,2 V. The XPS high-resolution C and O peaks mainly showed sp2 bonding and the presence of C=O and C-O residual groups covering the CoCr surface. Biocompatibility studies on mouse macrophages J774A.1 cell cultures measured by the ratio between lactate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial activities showed an enhancement in the biocompatibility on the CoCr with the ErGO films, a result that seems to become more evident as exposition time increased. Optical and SE images and vimentin expression (protein responsible for architecture of cytoplasm) after 48 h exposure in macrophage culture revealed a different cell distribution, morphology and vimentin expression on CoCr or ErGO on CoCr. Macrophages on the ErGO on CoCr surfaces were well-distributed, conserved the characteristic cell shape and vimentin expression was unaffected, results that show an improvement on the CoCr biocompatibility due to the of ErGO films on material surface. Conventional optical microscopy of in vivo experiments revealed that at 15 and 30 days after inoculation there were no visible histological alterations in liver, kidney, spleen or lung, but traces of particles were found in the peritoneal cavity. The blood analysis showed alterations indicative of the hepatic inflammatory process at both 15 and 30 days. Haematological changes were found at 30 days that consisted of alterations of the red series in the form of microcytosis with a higher concentration of mean haemoglobin as well as an alteration in coagulation due to a longer prothrombin and thromboplastin time

Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide on CoCr biomedical alloy: Characterization, macrophage biocompatibility and hemocompatibility in rats with graphene and graphene oxide

Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) films on a biomedical grade CoCr alloy have been generated and characterized in order to study their possible application for use on joint prostheses. The electrodeposition process was performed by cyclic voltammetry. The characterization of the ErGO films on CoCr alloys by XPS revealed sp2 bonding and the presence of C[dbnd]O and C[sbnd]O residual groups in the graphene network. Biocompatibility studies were performed with mouse macrophages J774A.1 cell cultures measured by the ratio between lactate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial activities. An enhancement in the biocompatibility of the CoCr with the ErGO films was obtained, a result that became more evident as exposure time increased. Macrophages on the CoCr with the ErGO were well-distributed and conserved the characteristic cell shape. In addition, vimentin expression was unaltered in comparison with the control, results that indicated an improvement in the CoCr biocompatibility with the ErGO on the material surface. The in vivo response of graphene and graphene oxide was assessed by intraperitoneal injection in wistar rats. Red blood cells are one of the primary interaction sites so hemocompatibility tests were carried out. Rats inoculated with graphene and graphene oxide showed red blood cells of smaller size with a high content in hemoglobin