Hospital Cost and Efficiency Under Per Service and Per Case Payment in Maryland: A Tale of the Carrot and the Stick

The simultaneous operation of per case and per servicepayment systems in Maryland, and the varying levels of stringency used in setting per case rates allows comparison of effects of differing incentive structures on hospital costs. This paper presents such a comparison with 1977-1981 data. Cost per case and total cost regressions show evidence of lower costs only when per case payment limits are very stringent. Positive net revenue incentives appear insufficient to induce reductions in length of stay and in ancillary services use. Our results suggest these changes in medical practice patterns are more likely under the threat of financial losses.

IDENTIFIKASI PARASIT NEMATODA PADA USUS HALUS BABI (SUS SCROFA DOMESTICUS) DI RUMAH POTONG HEWAN MEDAN SUMATERA UTARA

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui jenis dan tingkat prevalensi parasit nematoda yang menginfeksi usus halus babi di Rumah Potong Hewan Medan Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 buah usus halus yang diambil secara acak proporsional di RPH Medan Sumatera Utara. Usus halus babi yang telah dipisahkan dari organ lain diiris dengan menggunakan scalpel. Pengamatan cacing dewasa di dalam rongga usus halus diidentifikasi secara makroskopis, sedangkan untuk cacing yang berukuran kecil dilakukan dengan cara pengerokan usus halus kemudian dimasukkan kedalam toples berisi formalin dan diamati dibawah mikroskop. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan satu jenis cacing nematoda A. suum pada usus halus babi di RPH Medan dengan tingkat prevalensi 15%

APLIKASI PEMBELIAN PENJUALAN DAN PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI PENGEMASAN PRODUK ( STUDI KASUS : TOKO OLEH-OLEH KEDAI NONIE,BANDUNG)

Toko Kedai Nonie merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang perusahaan dagang yang menjual jenis makanan oleh-oleh khas Bandung . Semua transaksi yang terjadi di perusahaan tersebut masih menerapkan pencatatan secara manual. Setiap pencatatan transaksi yang terjadi dicatat dalam sebuah excel dan penetuan harga jual sebuah produk masih dengan manual karena setiap pembiayaan yang terjadi pada proses produksi dicatat dalam sebuah buku dengan demikian kemungkinan terjadinya pencatatan transaksi pada proses produksi tidak dimasukkan kedalam buku secara detail, ketidaksesuain pencatatan pada buku akan mengakibatkan pencatatan pada laporan akuntansi atau bagian keuangan akan menjadi rumit. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi maka dibangun sebuah aplikasi yang dapat menangani proses pembelian, penjualan dan perhitungan harga pokok produksi dengan adanya aplikasi ini dapat membantu pemilik dan pegawai yang bekerja disana untuk membuat data yang valid. Dengan adanya kode pemograman atau berbasis CI, My SQL dan Black box dapat mengelola master data, transaksi, dan laporan. Aplikasi ini dapat menjalankan program, seperti menambahkan data akun, bahan baku, produk jadi, tenaga kerja, overhead pabrik, pembelian bahan baku, perhitungan harga pokok, penjualan produk jadi dan laporan transaksi, sehingga aplikasi yang dibuat mempemudah sistem penjualan pada perusahaan tersebut. Kata Kunci — Pembelian, Perhitungan Harga Pokok CI, My SQL

Asian Immigrant Women and their informal work in Canada: The Process of change

Highly educated immigrant women from Asia choosing to work for cash in Canada is an indicator of the fact that their employment and economic outcomes are not positive. Drawing from the empirical study, this paper discusses the reasons for work choices and outcomes of this work on immigrant women

An annotated bibliography for use in 7th and 8th grade United States history on the topic of inland commerce and travel in Eastern United States from 1789 to the advent of the railroad

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Pengaruh Leadership Style Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Melalui Perilaku Pemilik Atas Isu Manajemen Lingkungan Sebagai Variabel Intervening

This study aimed to examine the direct and significant affect of leadership style to financial performance, leadership style to Owner Attitude of Environmental Management Issue, Owner Attitude of Environmental Management Issue to financial performance on firms in Surabaya and its surrounding area. This study also examined the indirect and significant relationship of leadership style to financial performance through Owner Attitude of Environmental Management Issue as the intervening variable on firms in Surabaya and its surrounding areas. This study used quantitative approach, whereas the data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to firms in Surabaya and its surrounding area and then processed by using smartPLS software. The result showed that there was a positive and significant relationship of leadership style to financial performance, leadership style to Owner Attitude of Environmental Management Issue, Owner Attitude of Environmental Management Issue to financial performance on firms in Surabaya and its surrounding areas. The Owner's Attitude of Environmental Management Issue wasn't the effective intervening variable to leadership style and financial performance because the direct relationship between leadership style and financial performance gave larger affect than through Owner Attitude of Environmental Management Issue

Nasionalisme Humanistis Mahatma Gandhi

This article proposes to investigate how Gandhi developed the idea of humanistic nationalism and what the component of this idea is. Using the historical and political approaches, the investigation shows that Gandhian\u27s nationalism reveals the relationship between religious aspiration, political ethic and the ideal economic and political institutions.Chronologically, this study describes Gandhi\u27s leaderships in South Africa (1893-1914) and India (1915-1948), the basic orientation of Gandhi\u27s thought and lastly explains the concept of humanistic nationalism. Briefly, the components of humanistic nationalism are the ideas of Hind Swaraj, Nation, Sarvodaya, Khadi Economic, Ramrajya and Panchayat Raj. Behind all those concepts is Ahimsa, the principle of no harm which emphasizes and teaches about love and non-violence. Both attributes are used as weapons by Gandhi\u27s Satyagraha movement. Ahimsa is also the core of Gandhian political ethic and lies on his ideal economic and political institutions. By this moral effect of Ahimsa, we could easily identify Gandhi\u27s nationalism with the unique character called humanistic

Ibm USAha Kecap dan Saus Prebiotik Pemanfaatan Chito-oliogosaccharide (Cos) sebagai Prebiotik dan Pengawet pada Kecap dan Saus

UKM ketchup " Tomat Lombok " and UKM sauces " Sinar Mulia " is located in Penusupan street RT 04 RW Penusupan Village , District Kagok Slawi , Tegal city , Central Java Province . UKM ketchup " tomato Lombok " owned by Mr. HS Sumarnoto producing 1400 kg per day , whereas UKM sauce " Sinar Mulia " produces 500 kg of sauce per day . Total waste of two UKM to produce solid waste at 60 kg / day and 3 m3 of liquid waste . In generally produce soy sauce and sauce according to market needs and conventional manufacturing process so it is not durable or easily damaged due to microbial contamination in nature . Spoilage microorganisms in soy sauce is generally proteolytic bacteria or molds. Chito - oligosaccharides synthesis process ( COS ) from shrimp or crab shell waste that is relatively easy , simple , so that COS can be used as a prebiotic and a natural preservative and prebiotics for the production of ketchup and sauce in UKM partner. The integrated COS utilization ketchup and sauce is expected to function as a preservative , a natural prebiotic , antioxidant and adsorbent in wastewater treatment, so that is expected to provide value -added aspects of the technology , economic and social through halal certificates and patents , which in turn can improve well-being