Examining students' cognitive processes in solving algebraic numeracy problems: A Phenomenology study

Problem-solving can be understood as a cognitive process in which students know facts, processes, concepts, and procedures and then apply the knowledge to solve problems in real situations. Indonesia’s national average achievement of numeracy skills in 2021, the cognitive process of competence reasoning is higher than the competencies of knowing and applying. This study aims to analyze students' cognitive processes in solving numeration problems related to the algebraic domain. The algebraic domain in this study is limited to competencies in making generalizations from patterns in number sequences and object configuration sequences. This research was conducted qualitatively with a phenomenological design using three high-category and three low-category students to achieve data saturation. The supporting instruments are students' answers and interview results related to the algebraic domain. This study concluded that students' cognitive processes in solving numeracy problems associated with the algebraic domain in the high and low categories have different descriptions. This difference in intelligence has an impact when solving math problems. This research can help enrich the understanding of students' cognitive processes and contribute to the development of better mathematics learning strategies and curricula

Pelatihan Pembukuan Usaha Bagi UMKM Kuliner Kebun Manggis Jakarta

Abstrak Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan keahlian pembukuan bagi pelaku UMKM kuliner yang berlokasi Kelurahan Kebon Manggis Jakarta.  Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian meliputi pembentukan tim pengabdian,  identifikasi masalah atau kebutuhan masyarakat, penyusunan rencana pengabdian, kolaborasi pemerintah setempat, pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian, evaluasi hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian dan publikasi dan penyebarluasan. Pelaksanaan pengabdian  dilaksanakan pada tanggal 19 Juli 2023 bertempat kantor pos yandu dengan alamatnya Jl. Kesatrian X RT 016 RW 003, Kelurahan Kebon Manggis, Kecamatan Matraman, Jakarta Timur 13150. Pengabdian ini diikuti 19 pelaku UMKM Kuliner Kebon Manggis. Dari evaluasi di ketahui tujuan pengabdian tercapai dengan adanya peningkatan keahlian mengenai pembukuan meningkat yang semula sebelum pelatihan  rata-rata nilai 40  menjadi  60 setelah pelatihan.   Kata Kunci : UMKM, Kuliner, Pembukuan, Kebon Manggis, Jakarta     Abstract This service aims to enhance accounting skills for culinary MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) located in the Kebon Manggis neighborhood of Jakarta. The execution method of this service includes forming a service team, identifying community problems or needs, devising a service plan, collaborating with the local government, carrying out service activities, evaluating the results of the service activities, and publishing and disseminating the findings. The service was conducted on July 19, 2023, at the post office located at Jl. Kesatrian X RT 016 RW 003, Kebon Manggis Village, Matraman District, East Jakarta 13150. Nineteen culinary MSMEs from Kebon Manggis participated in this service. Through the evaluation, it was determined that the service's objectives were achieved, as there was an improvement in accounting skills. Prior to the training, the average score was 40, but after the training, it increased to 60. Keywords :  MSMEs, Culinary, Bookkeeping, Kebon Manggis, Jakart

Kaplan Meier survival estimates.

<p>Patients with available long term follow up data: Toxoplasmosis (n = 14), Cryptococcosis (n = 13), TB meningitis (n = 14), no diagnosis (n = 13).</p

CSF characteristics according to causative pathogen.

<p>CSF cell count (A), protein concentration (B) and CSF∶blood glucose ratio (C) for cases with confirmed toxoplasmosis (•), crypotoccococis (▪), and tuberculosis (<b>▴</b>). Toxo = toxoplasmosis; crypto = cryptococcosis; TB = TB meningitis.</p

Characteristics of patients according to microbiological diagnosis.

<p>Patients with combined TB-toxoplasmosis (n = 5), combined TB-Cryptococcus (n = 2), and no definite diagnosis (n = 14) were excluded from the table. Data are presented as no. of patients/no. evaluated (%) unless stated otherwise.</p><p>GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale.</p>*<p>significantly different: TB vs. toxoplasmosis (p = .01); cryptococcosis vs. toxoplasmosis (p = .02).</p>**<p>significantly different: TB vs. toxoplasmosis (p = .03), cryptococcosis vs. toxoplasmosis (p = .02).</p>***<p>CD4 cell counts were only available for 16 patients with definite diagnoses.</p

Line list of all patients.

<p>M = male; F = female; pos = positive; neg = negative; n/a = not available.</p>*<p>cell numbers are in cells/mL; protein in mg/dL; glucose ratio = CSF glucose∶blood glucose.</p>**<p>TB-toxo = tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis, TB-crypto = tuberculosis and cryptococcosis.</p>φ<p>toxoplasmosis, based on toxoplasma PCR;</p>ε<p>TB meningitis, based on either culture or real time PCR;</p>ν<p>cryptococcosis based on either direct staing, culture, or antigen testing.</p

Cerebral toxoplasmosis presenting as subacute meningitis in HIV-infected patients; a cohort study from Indonesia.

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