Chiral anomalies induced transport in Weyl semimetals in quantizing magnetic field

Weyl semimetals host relativistic chiral quasiparticles, which display quantum anomalies in the presence of external electromagnetic fields. Here, we study the manifestations of chiral anomalies in the longitudinal and planar magneto-transport coefficients of Weyl semimetals, in the presence of a quantizing magnetic field. We present a general framework for calculating all the transport coefficients in the regime where multiple Landau levels are occupied. We explicitly show that all the longitudinal and planar transport coefficients show Shubnikov-de Haas like quantum oscillations which are periodic in 1/B. Our calculations recover the quadratic-B dependence in the semiclassical regime, and predict a linear-B dependence in the ultra-quantum limit for all the transport coefficients.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, Comments are welcom

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of intraarticular injections of leucocyte poor platelet rich plasma in osteoarthritis knee patients

Background: The present study evaluates the safety and efficacy of intraarticular injections of leucocyte poor platelet rich plasma (LP-PRP) in osteoarthritis (OA) knee patients. Patients with early osteoarthritis (K-L grading 1 and 2)-clinically and radiologically and those who gave consent to participate in the study were injected with 2.4 ml per knee of LP-PRP over unilateral or bilateral knees at 0, 1, 2 and 6 months of LP-PRP injections. Methods: 100 patients with osteoarthritis knee pain were injected with LP-PRP at 0.1.2 months on OPD basis. LP-PRP was prepared in a centrifugation machine at 2000 RPM for 4 minutes and 2000 RPM for 10 minutes for two consecutive times and then injected into knee with a medial suprapatellar approach using 20/21 G needle. This was repeated at 1 and 2 months of follow-up. Assessment of efficacy in terms of pain relief was done on the basis of visual analog score (VAS) and clinical outcomes on the basis of knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOS) at 0, 1, 2, 6 months following injection of LP-PRP. Results: The mean VAS at pre-injection was 7.22±0.965 which reduced to 3.06±1.223 at post-injection follow-up at 6 months. The mean KOOS at pre injection was 33.4±7.51 which increased to 78.86±8.80 at post-injection follow-up at 6 months. Conclusions: LP-PRP has emerged as an intriguing therapy option for knee OA, and our study has shown that it is effective after 6 months

Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using single bundle hamstring tendon autograft

Background: The present study was designed to analyze the postoperative outcome of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with anatomical single bundle hamstring tendons autograft fixed in femoral tunnel using endobutton and in the tibial tunnel using interference screws and reinforced by anterior half of peroneus longus tendon (AHPLT), wherever required.Methods: 39 patients of complete ACL tear underwent arthroscopic anatomical single bundle ACL reconstruction using quadrupled hamstring tendon autograft. It was ensured that the quadrupled graft had a length of at least 7 cm and thickness of at least 8 mm. If either of these requirements were not met, then the graft was supplemented by AHPLT. For functional assessment, international knee documentation committee (IKDC) knee score was taken and clinical tests for antero-posterior stability were done. In addition, the foot and ankle disability index (FADI) scores were used to evaluate the ankle donor site of the AHPLT.Results: The average graft diameter was 8.74 mm and average graft length was 9.12 cm. There was significant improvement in post op IKDC score when compared with pre op score. There was no antero-posterior instability seen in any of the patients during follow up. 10 patients required an additional graft augmentation with AHPLT. There was no complaint about weakness of the ankle joint after surgery.Conclusions: Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with anatomical single bundle hamstring tendon autograft is an excellent treatment option for ACL deficient knees. It gives excellent functional outcome with minimal complications. Graft if small in diameter can be reinforced by AHPLT without any detrimental effect on ankle function

Functional outcome of comminuted upper metaphyseal tibial fracture treated with circular external fixators

Background: High speed motor vehicle accidents are on the rise over the past few years. These are responsible for most of the complex fractures of the tibial metaphysic. Proper treatment of these fractures is of paramount importance. The use of circular fixators for the definitive treatment of such fractures entails a minimally invasive technique of insertion that gives good fracture reduction and stability combined with minimal postoperative complications.Methods: This study was prospective and conducted over 22 patients diagnosed with upper comminuted metaphyseal tibial fracture treated with circular external fixator.Results: In this series, all 22 patients (100%) were male. Fourteen cases (64%) involved the left tibia and eight (36%) fractures were on right. The mean patient age was 49.5 years (range 26-75). Road traffic collisions accounted for most of the injuries (n=14), while fall from bike (n=8). In this study, using knee society score evaluation, excellent results (KSS>80) were seen in 8 patients (36.36%), good results (KSS 70-79) were seen in 10 patients (45.45%), fair (KSS 60-69) in 4 patient (18.18%) and poor (KSS< 60) in 0 patient (0%). Complication seen was pin tract infection in 2 patients (9.9%), which was managed by regular pin site dressings. Another complication was non-union in 1 patient (4.54%). No other complication was encountered.Conclusions: Circular external fixation is a promising modality for surgical treatment of comminuted upper metaphyseal tibial fractures. It allows satisfactory realignment of the fractured fragments and their stabilization, besides early mobilization of the joints and care of associated soft tissue injuries, without significant complications

Closed reduction and internal fixation with titanium elastic nailing system in pediatric both-bone forearm fractures

Background: The present study is designed to analyse the postoperative clinical and functional outcome of closed reduction and internal fixation of pediatric both-bone forearm fractures with titanium elastic nailing system (TENS).Methods: A total of 32 patients in the age group of 5 to 15 years with fracture both-bone forearm underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with TENS at our hospital. Patients with displaced fractures having angulation more than 10° and rotation of more than 45° or fractures with unacceptable reduction post conservative management were included in this study. For functional outcome, upper extremity rating scale (UERS) was used to evaluate the range of motion and grip strength.Results: Patients were followed up for a period of 6 months. In all cases fracture united in the range of 6-14 weeks without any malunion. All 32 cases had excellent outcomes according to UERS score. Two patients had deficient forearm pronation of 10° and 15° respectively. Skin irritation and implant impingement was seen in two patients each at final follow-up.Conclusions: Closed reduction and internal fixation with TENS seems to be a good treatment option for fixation of pediatric both bone forearm fractures. It gives excellent functional outcome in terms of range of motion and grip strength without any major complications

A community based study of NCD risk factors among adult population in Dehradun, India

Background: A Non-Communicable disease (NCD) is one which is non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. NCDs account for leading causes of death and disease burden worldwide. To decrease the burden of NCDs experts stress on the importance of prevention and control with respect to modifiable risk factors. The World Health Organization's World Health Report 2002 identified tobacco use, alcohol consumption, overweight, physical inactivity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol as the most important risk factors for NCDs.(1)  Aims & Objectives: 1. To know the prevalence of risk factors leading to NCDs in the study population. 2. To know the socio-demographic correlates associated with risk factors of NCDs. 3. To suggest appropriate recommendations regarding modifiable risk factors of NCDs in study population. Material & Methods: A Cross-sectional study, Community-based study among 18+ population in field practice areas of Community Medicine Department, SGRRIM&HS, Dehradun. Sample Size: 300 each in urban and rural, total 60. Results: The prevalence of Smoking was 11.3%, Smokeless tobacco use 10.5%, Alcohol use 13.2%, Unhealthy diet 99.5%, Low physical activity 0.8%, High BMI (? 25 kg/m2) 51.2%, above normal waist-hip ratio 57.0%, Raised blood pressure 58.5% and raised blood sugar 25.2%. Conclusion: Smoking is significantly associated with age, sex and occupation. Raised blood pressure is significantly associated with age, sex and social class

Systematic study of incomplete fusion reactions: Role of various entrance channel parameters

263-266The evaporation residues, populated through complete and incomplete fusion processes in the reaction of 18O+ 165Ho, have been analyzed via excitation function measurements at projectile energies ≈ 4-7 MeV/nucleon. The cross-sections measured experimentally have been compared with the predictions of the compound nucleus model code PACE-4 calculations which only considers complete fusion (CF) reaction cross-sections. The experimental cross-section of the reaction residues populated through xn and pxn channels matches well with the theoretical model code PACE-4 predictions. On the other hand, α-emitting channels show an enhancement in the measured cross-section over PACE-4 calculations which reveals the occurrence of incomplete fusion (ICF) at the studied energy range. The relative percentage of incomplete fusion has been calculated from the experimental data and its dependence on various entrance channel parameters like projectile energy, mass-asymmetry, α-Q value and Coulomb factor (ZPZT) has been studied. The strength of incomplete fusion function obtained in the 18O+ 165Ho interaction has been compared with the previously studied systems. Results of the present study indicate that 18O (two neutron excess) projectile shows more incomplete fusion contribution as compared to 12C,13C and 16O projectiles due to its relatively small negative α-Q value

ROLE OF PROTECTION PROVIDED BY EMBLICA OFFICINALIS LINN. AGAINST RADIATION AND LEAD INDUCED HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE JEJUNUM OF SWISS ALBINO MICE

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/1Exposure to ionizing radiation increases the production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading the irradiated cells into a state of oxidative stress. Furthermore, Lead exposure along with ionizing radiation can potentially become toxic to the tissues due to the heightened oxidative stress. In the present study adult male Swiss albino mice were procured and divided into seven groups. Group (II to IV) serving as control, received sub lethal dose (3.0 Gy or 6.0Gy) and /or lead acetate (20ppm) in drinking water ad libitum. The experimental groups (V to VII) were given aqueous solution of Emblica (1000 mg/ Kg b.wt./ animal/ day) orally seven days prior to radiation and/or lead acetate treatment. Sham- irradiated animals of Group I served as normal. Animals of all the groups were autopsied at each post treatment interval of 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days. After the experiments observed number of lesions in the intestinal epithelium from outer coat to inner mucosa. Loosened sub mucosa with hyperaemia and hemorrhage, shortened crypts and a number of apoptotic cells with severe cytoplasmic variations were noted. Villi had a rough surface, wavy epithelium and hydropic degeneration up to day-2 and thereafter, a recovery from intestinal lesions was initiated and noticed till the last autopsy interval. After the combined exposure of gamma radiation and lead acetate, Group IV exhibited same pattern of damage but severe histopathological alteration than individual exposure of radiation or lead acetate indicating “synergistic “effect. Process of recovery started on day-14 after the combined treatment but the process was slow. The Combined treatment showed synergistic effect. In experimental groups less severe radiolesions and an early onset of recovery was observed. Therefore it may be deduced that Emblica is a good herbal radioprotector and may be useful for the clinical applications in human beings during radiotherapy.