Influence of Mo and Co on the magnetic properties and martensitic transformation characteristics of a Fe-Mn alloy

WOS: 000266117900037The effects of the Mo and Co on the magnetic properties and the characteristics of martensitic transformation of the Fe-Mn alloy have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Experiments reveal that two types of thermal-induced martensites, epsilon(h.c.p.) and alpha'(b.c.c.) martensites, form in the as-quenched alloys and these transformations have athermal characters. The Mo or Co (5 wt%) addition to the Fe-13%Mn alloy does not change coexistence of epsilon and alpha' martensites between 10-15 wt%Mn content. However, it stabilizes the parent phase leading to the depression of the transformation temperatures. In addition, Mossbauer spectra of the alloys reveal a paramagnetic character with a singlet for the gamma(fc.c.) austenite and epsilon martensite phases and a ferromagnetic character with a broad sextet for alpha' martensite phase. The volume fractions of the phases change and the amount of alpha' martensite increases significantly with the Mo or Co addition. Third element addition also influences internal magnetic field and particularly, the addition of the Mo considerably decreases the internal magnetic field in the Fe-Mn alloy. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Risk factors associated with sexual assault in Calabar south eastern Nigeria

No Abstract. Nigerian Journal of Medicine Vol. 15 (4) October-December 2006: 406-40

Trauma related to sexual assault in Calabar, south eastern Nigeria.

No Abstract. Nigerian Journal of Medicine Vol. 15(1) 2006: 72-7

Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi

Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most functional groups peaks in tropical habitats, including Amazonia, Yucatan, West-Central Africa, Sri Lanka, and New Caledonia, with a negligible island effect compared with plants and animals. We also found that fungi are predominantly vulnerable to drought, heat and land-cover change, particularly in dry tropical regions with high human population density. Fungal conservation areas of highest priority include herbaceous wetlands, tropical forests, and woodlands. We stress that more attention should be focused on the conservation of fungi, especially root symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical regions as well as unicellular early-diverging groups and macrofungi in general. Given the low overlap between the endemicity of fungi and macroorganisms, but high conservation needs in both groups, detailed analyses on distribution and conservation requirements are warranted for other microorganisms and soil organisms

The Global Soil Mycobiome consortium dataset for boosting fungal diversity research.

Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems, but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and distribution. This data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of the Global Soil Mycobiome consortium (GSMc) to boost further research in fungal diversity, biogeography and macroecology. The dataset comprises 722,682 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) derived from PacBio sequencing of full-length ITS and 18S-V9 variable regions from 3200 plots in 108 countries on all continents. The plots are supplied with geographical and edaphic metadata. The OTUs are taxonomically and functionally assigned to guilds and other functional groups. The entire dataset has been corrected by excluding chimeras, index-switch artefacts and potential contamination. The dataset is more inclusive in terms of geographical breadth and phylogenetic diversity of fungi than previously published data. The GSMc dataset is available over the PlutoF repository