The Surgical Results in Pure Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Surgeries in 403 Pituitary Adenomas: An 8-Years of Experience from a Single Neurosurgical Unit

Objective:  To review and report the results in pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery done at our unit for pituitary adenomas (PAs) in last 8 years. Material and Methods:  We reviewed 403 consecutive patients who underwent pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for newly diagnosed pituitary adenomas between August 2012 and July 2020 at our neurosurgical unit. Endocrinological, demographic features and outcomes, their complications, and duration of stay in hospital were assessed in these patients who were operated in our neurosurgical Unit. The Mean Follow-up on average was 3.5 months. Results:  403 consecutive cases were reviewed. Majority of cases were in the 4th decade of life at presentation. 227 (56%) were non-functioning pituitary tumors and 176 (44%) were hormone secreting pituitary adenomas. Thirty-one (7.7%) complications were observed in 28 post-operative patients. The most frequently observed complication was diabetes insipidus (temporary in 19 (5%) and permanent in 3 (0.7%) cases), cerebrospinal fluids leaks (5 cases) (5.7%), Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (1 case) (0.2%), internal carotid injury (1 case) (0.2%), Empty Sella syndrome (1) (0.2%) and post-operative cardiac complication (1 case) (0.2%). The Follow-up on average was 3.5 months. Conclusions:  The pure endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas provides acceptable and reasonable results representing a safe alternative procedure to the traditional Trans-sphenoidal microscopic approach

THE IMPACT OF PAY SATISFACTION, JOB STRESS, AND ABUSIVE SUPERVISION ON TURNOVER INTENTION AMONG BANKING EMPLOYEES

Pakistan banks cannot survive well without trained and experienced employees. Many researchers have reported the high turnover in banking sector. Therefore it was highly important to address this problem. The purpose of this study was to test the factors (pay satisfaction, job stress, and abusive supervision) influencing turnover intention among bank employees. This study collected the data from a sample of 100 bank employees both public and private banks in Vehari. The results showed that there was a significant negative effect of pay satisfaction on turnover intention and there was significant positive effect both job stress and abusive supervision on turnover intention. This study will be helpful to decision authority in banks to identify factors contributing towards turnover intention.Â

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic and Histopathological Findings in the Supratentorial Brain Space Occupying Lesions

Objective:  Diagnosis of supratentorial space occupying lesion is a frequent dilemma in neurosurgical practice. MR spectroscopy that is an advanced MR imaging sequence can prove to be decisive in such cases. The objective of the study is to determine diagnostic accuracy of MRS in differentiating supra-tentorial brain space occupying lesions taking histopathology as gold standard Material and Methods:  The cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from August 2018 to July 2019. A calculated sample size of 156 patients aged between 18-50 years after informed consent. All patients underwent MR Spectroscopy pre-operatively. Surgery was performed and histopathological findings were compared with spectroscopic findings. Results:  The average age of the patients was 32.41 ± 10.02 years. There were 84 (53.84%) males and 72 (46.15%) females. The sensitivity of MRS was 90.69% with a specificity of 97.34%. Conclusion:  MR Spectroscopy is an accurate diagnostic tool for establishing pre-operative differentiation between neoplastic and inflammatory lesion. It should be performed in all cases where contrast MRI is inconclusive in establishing the diagnosis. Keywords:  , Brain Abscess, Supratentorial lesion, Brain Tumo

Volumetric Properties of Furan and 2‑5-Dimethylfuran in Different Industrial Solvents at Temperatures from 278 to 343 K

Peer reviewedPostprin

Clinical Outcome of Percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: - Trigeminal neuralgia is a disease typically characterized by involuntary attacks of lancinating pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve that are activated by non-noxious stimuli. Numerous anticonvulsants, either alone or in combination, remain the first choice in the medical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.3If the disease becomes non responsive, there are numerous surgical options like micro vascular decompression or minimally invasive percutaneous lesioning of the trigeminal nerve, such as glycerol rhizolysis, Radiofrequency Rhizotomy, and balloon compression. Objective: - To determine efficacy of percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia in terms of early pain relief in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: -  62 patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia or lancinating, recurrent episodes of pain in the distribution of Ophthalmic (V1) and Mandibular (V3) branches of trigeminal nerve, not responsive to 6 months of conservative treatment were included. Study was completed in one year i.e. from March 2015 to Feb 2016. Result: - In our study population, 62 included patients were had mean age 56.08 ± 7.39 years. 44 patients (71%) were male. Our treatment was effective in 58 patients (93.5%) while there was recurrence among 4 (6.5%) only. Conclusion: - It is concluded that the efficacy of percutaneous Radiofrequency Rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia in terms of complete relief of pain with intact sensations in treated branch region is excellent (93.5%)

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METROLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND VECTOR BORNE DENGUE DISEASE USING ONCOLOGICAL FRACTAL TREATMENT

Dengue is the most vital arboviral disease in humans, which is occurring in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. Dengue fever is itemized as an urban human disease as it spreads easily to urban environmental/ morphological contexts because of the uneven increase of urban population and infectious diseases as a result of climate change. Dengue epidemic cases related to climatic parameters are helpful to monitor and prevent the transmission of dengue fever. Many studies have focused on describing the clinical aspects of dengue outbreak. We bring out the epidemiological study to investigate the dengue fever development and prediction in the Karachi city. This study described the oncological treatment by statistical analysis and fractal rescaled range (R/S) method of the dengue epidemics from January 2001 to December 2020, based on the urban morphological patterns, and climatic variables including temperature and ENSO respectively. The R/S method in oncologists has been carried in two ways, basic oncological/statistical analysis and Fractal dimension adapt to the study the nature of the subtleties of dengue epidemic data, another showing the dynamics of oncological process. Climate parameters are shown that the fractal dimension value revealed a persistency behavior i.e. time series is an increasing, Fractal analysis also confirmed the anti-persistent behavior of dengue for months of September to November and the normality tests specified the robust indication of the intricacy of data. This study will be useful for future researchers working on epidemiology and urban environmental oncological fields to improve and rectify the urban infectious diseases

Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions of Small-Chain Amino and Organic Acids

Peer reviewedPostprin

Effect of Human Resource Planning on Organizational Performance of Telecom Sector

Human resource planning is one of the growing areas of academic research. Organizations regard its human resource as their core competency because it would lead towards better organizational performance. This research focuses on effect of human resource planning on the organizational performance. Objective of this research is to determine key determinants of formal human resource planning that contributes towards performance in the telecom sector. The data collected from top managers, middle level managers and the first line HR managers of 50 offices including head offices and regional offices of 160 questionnaires including some interview and open ended questions based on the measures of performance and Human Resource Planning. The results from the factor analysis on HRP measures selection, training, and incentives and the organizational performance measures which are job satisfaction, efficiency, employee motivation and technology constitutes significant and a positive relationship with other. As modern HR practices are implemented in telecom sector and companies would spend more on Human Resources, it would lead towards High performance achievement. Keywords – Human Resource Planning, Telecom Sector, Organizational Performance, Selection, Training and Incentives Paper Type­– Research Pape

Epidemiology and Surgical Outcome of Traumatic Sub Axial Cervical Spine Injuries in a Tertiary Care Hospital of KPK, Pakistan

Objective:  The purpose of this study was to characterize the epidemiologic characteristics, a pattern of traumatic subaxial cervical spine injuries, and their surgical outcomes in a tertiary care hospital in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Materials and Methods:  This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. The records of 40 patients between the ages of 15 and 60 who had cervical spine injuries were evaluated to characterize the injuries and surgical outcomes. We employed the anterior route for surgery regularly and the posterior method only when the reduction failed or substantial instability. We used a tricortical bone graft or titanium cages with autologous bone and secured them through titanium plates to achieve fusion. Results:  80% of patients presented with sub axial cervical injury. Regarding the etiology of injury, 37.5 % had motor vehicle accidents, 28.12% had a history of height falls, and the remaining had sustained injuries due to other causes. The majority of the patients, 68.75% (n = 22), had isolated subluxation injury.87.5% (n = 28) underwent surgical intervention; surgical outcomes such as pain relief were measured using the VAS, which was 6.09 ± 1.42 preoperatively while 4.5 ± 1.29 postoperatively with a difference of means of 1.59. There was a significant improvement in neurological functions as measured through the ASIA impairment scale. Conclusion:  Most cervical spine injuries occurred in young male patients, motor vehicle accidents were the most prevalent cause, and isolated subluxation was the most frequent injury pattern. 

Motivation of Employees towards the Adaptation of Technology

Technological change has become the mode of operation in the 20th century business community. As the workplace product transforms from paper to information services, employers and employees scramble to keep abreast of the rising tide of information and the new service opportunities created by the innovations in technology available to business. Employees are naturally expected to adapt to the ever changing norms of technology. New technological changes face employees in the workplace every day. Some employees embrace the changes that technology brings. They seek new applications for the innovations, while others resist and become defensive. Is the defensive behavior of some, a symptom of a sociological system controlling the individual? Does cognitive ability govern individual attitudes toward technological innovations? Does race, age or gender play a role in one’s perception of incorporation of new technology in the workplace? Is an individual’s attitude predetermined by past experiences? This research is the summary of a review of the literature around the above questions and a try to explore the aspect or factors that really affect the attitude of a person to adopt new technology at work place. The objective is to identify the contributing influences of an individual’s attitude towards a technological innovation in the workplace. Keywords: Employees, Motivation, Information Technology, Training, Success