Zingiber officinale Roscoe reduces chest pain on patients undergoing coronary angioplasty: a clinical trial

Introduction: Evidence from animal studies suggests that Zingiber officinale (ginger) may help prevent ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) in heart. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ginger on inducing preconditioning on patients undergoing angioplasty. Methods: Thirty-four patients, referred for elective angioplasty, were randomly divided into the control (17 patients) and ginger groups (17 patients). Subjects in the experimental group were provided 250 mg ginger powder in Zintoma capsules per day for 10 days, whereas those in the control group received placebo. The patients underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) (One 45-second balloon inflation and 2 minutes reperfusion). Chest pain scores were assessed immediately after angioplasty and cardiac injury biomarkers were assessed 12 hours later. Results: The average pain score during the balloon inflation in the ginger group was significantly lower than the control group (2.1±1 versus 3.8±1.5, P = 0.04). Troponin I was elevated in both groups after angioplasty, but there was not any significant difference between groups in this regard (P = 0.12 and 0.10, respectively). Conclusion: The use of ginger reduces chest pain during coronary angioplasty but its effect on the release of biochemical markers of myocardial damage is obscure

Effect of Testosterone Enanthate Modeling of Polycystic Ovary on Liver Irs-2 mRNA Expression in Rats: A Brief Report

هناك العديد من النماذج الحيوانية لتكيس المبايض (PCO). يعد استخدام إينونثات التستوستيرون الخارجي إحدى طرق تحريض هذه النماذج. ومع ذلك ، يجب أيضًا دراسة تحريض مقاومة الأنسولين في تقنيات النماذج. لذلك ، تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى التحقق من تعبير ركيزة مستقبلات الأنسولين (Irs) -2 mRNA في أنسجة الكبد لنموذج PCO الفئران. تم تقسيم تسعة عشر من قئران ويستار إلى ثلاث مجموعات. (1) تلقت مجموعة نمذجة PCO (N = 7) يوميًا 1.0 مجم / 100 جرام من إينونثات التستوستيرون المذاب في زيت الزيتون جنبًا إلى جنب مع الوصول الحر الى ماء الدكستروز ذي  التركيز 5 ٪ ، (2) مجموعة المركبات (N = 6) ، والتي تم التعامل معها مثل مجموعة PCO ، لكنهم لم يتلقوا إينونثات التستوستيرون، (3) مجموعة التحكم (N = 6) مع الرعاية المنتظمة. تم حقن جميع الحيوانات داخل الصفاق لمدة 14 يومًا. تمت دراسة التعبير عن Irs-2 mRNA باستخدام PCR في الوقت الفعلي وتم الإبلاغ عن تغييرات الطي (FC). تم اعتبار متوسط التعبير في المجموعة الضابطة بمثابة المعيار. تم العثور على حوالي 13.4 ٪ تقليل التعبير في مجموعة PCO (FC = 0.874 ، قيمة P = 0.043). لم يتم العثور على انخفاض كبير في مجموعة المركبات (FC = 0.951 ، قيمة P = 0.076). ومع ذلك ، لم يُظهر تحليل التباين فرقًا معنويًا بين جميع مجموعات الدراسة (قيمة P = 0.085). قد يؤدي النموذج الحالي لـ PCO إلى مقاومة الأنسولين على مستوى الكبد بحجم تأثير منخفض عن طريق تقليل تعبير mRNA عن Irs-2. يُقترح دراسة الجينات والجزيئات المعنية في الأنسجة الأخرى لنماذج حيوانية PCO.There are many animal models for polycystic ovary (PCO); using exogenous testosterone enanthate is one of the methods of induction of these models. However, induction of insulin resistance should also be studied in the modeling technics. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the expression of insulin receptor substrate (Irs)-2 mRNA in the liver tissue of rat PCO model. Nineteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups; (1) PCO modeling group (N =7) received daily 1.0 mg/100g testosterone enanthate solved in olive oil along with free access dextrose water 5%, (2) vehicle group (N =6), which handled like the PCO group, but did not receive testosterone enanthate, (3) control group (N =6) with standard care. All the animals were administered via intra-peritoneal injection for 14 days. Expression of Irs-2 mRNA was studied with real-time PCR and fold changes (FC) were reported. The average of expression in the control group was considered as the calibrator. About 13.4% expression reduction was found in the PCO group (FC =0.874, P-value =0.043). No significant reduction was found in the vehicle group (FC =0.951, P-value =0.076). However, analysis of variance did not show a significant difference between all the groups of study (P-value =0.085). The present model of PCO might induce insulin resistance at liver level with a low effect size via reduction in the mRNA expression of Irs-2. Study of the involved genes and molecules in other tissues of PCO animal models is suggested

Role of History Taking in Differential Diagnosis of Small Airway Disease: A Pilot Study on 32 Cases

Objectives: Since history taking is still the most important part of a medical diagnosis, we tried to find sensitive and specific symptoms and risk factors in order to differentiate small airway disease from other pulmonary diseases. Social factors as well as related past medical history including using spirits of salt (HCL), gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and so on were evaluated. Materials and Methods: The present pilot study consists of 32 cases of small airway disease and 28 cases of other pulmonary diseases. The statistical evaluations were performed through 2 × 2 tables using Fisher exact test adjusted with Bonferroni correction for P values and Yate correction for odds ratios. The sensitivities and the specificities were also reported as we aimed. Results: Among the 4 symptoms evaluated, having sputum was against small airway disease (Pc = 0.0184; ORc = 0.23). Lack of sputum was 62% sensitive and 75% specific for small airway disease. Among the risk factors evaluated, using HCL showed the highest accuracy (Pc = 0.0004; ORc = 31.4; Sensitivity = 65%; Specificity = 96%; Accuracy = 80.5%). History taking is still the most important part of a medical diagnosis. Conclusions: Through a suggestive history and physical examination, we can reach a good pretest probability for further evaluation

Phytotherapy: An anti-hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective approach in chemotherapy

Chemotherapy induced-hepatotoxicity is one of the prevalent problems among cancer patients, with a wide spectrum of complications from liver dysfunction to liver necrosis. Therefore, in this study, we review the research findings on the effects of medicinal herbs and herbal compounds on the hepatotoxicity induced by anticancer drugs. The words hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective along with the words cancer drug or chemotherapy in combination with some herbal terms such as medicinal plant, phyto* and herb* were used to search for relevant publications indexed in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and PubMed. Available evidence shows that certain medicinal plants and herbal derivatives can reduce cancer drug-induced hepatotoxicity and protect liver cells against complications by regulating hepatic enzymes and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. Some herbal formulations, including traditional Chinese medicine, have also been reported to exhibit such effects. Medicinal plants can exert anti-hepatotoxicity effects mainly by increasing antioxidant activity, inhibiting inflammatory processes, and reducing cell necrosis induced by anti-cancer drugs. Phytotherapy can be used as an effective complementary treatment for anticancer drug-induced hepatotoxicity and prevent various complications in the liver

Medicinal plants for kidney pain: An ethnobotanical study on Shahrekord city, West of Iran

Kidney problems such as kidney stones, pyelonephritis, nephropathy, diabetes, hypertension and other kidney complications can cause kidney pain. In general, opioid and non-opioid systemic analgesics are used to control pain that have many side effects such as nausea, vomiting, sedation, and respiratory depression. Studies on plants that can be useful in the treatment of kidney diseases such as kidney pain are difficult and little research has been done in this regard. Therefore, in this ethnobotanical study, plant antioxidants and medicinal plants affecting kidney pain were identified. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used to identify and obtain indigenous information and knowledge of traditional therapists in Shahrekord regarding the treatment of kidney pain. This ethnobotanical study was conducted from 21 April, 2016 to 19 February, 2017 in 29 traditional therapists of the region under purpose. Finally, the data drawn from the questionnaires were analyzed using the Excel software. In this study, the frequency of plant use was also calculated. The results of this study showed that 16 species of medicinal plants from 11 plant families in this region are used to cure kidney pain. The most frequently used are for anti-kidney pain was Alhagi maurorum (79%) followed by Tribulus terrestris (70%). Besides, the Asteraceae (5 plant species) was the largest family of medicinal plants with anti-kidney pain effect, and the flower (32%) was the most frequently used plant organ for anti-kidney pain property. Keywords Author Keywords:ethnobotany; medicinal plants; urinary tract; kidney pain; Shahrekord; Iran KeyWords Plus:PREVALENC

Medicinal plants for kidney pain: An ethnobotanical study on Shahrekord city, West of Iran

Kidney problems such as kidney stones, pyelonephritis, nephropathy, diabetes, hypertension and other kidney complications can cause kidney pain. In general, opioid and non-opioid systemic analgesics are used to control pain that have many side effects such as nausea, vomiting, sedation, and respiratory depression. Studies on plants that can be useful in the treatment of kidney diseases such as kidney pain are difficult and little research has been done in this regard. Therefore, in this ethnobotanical study, plant antioxidants and medicinal plants affecting kidney pain were identified. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used to identify and obtain indigenous information and knowledge of traditional therapists in Shahrekord regarding the treatment of kidney pain. This ethnobotanical study was conducted from 21 April, 2016 to 19 February, 2017 in 29 traditional therapists of the region under purpose. Finally, the data drawn from the questionnaires were analyzed using the Excel software. In this study, the frequency of plant use was also calculated. The results of this study showed that 16 species of medicinal plants from 11 plant families in this region are used to cure kidney pain. The most frequently used are for anti-kidney pain was Alhagi maurorum (79%) followed by Tribulus terrestris (70%). Besides, the Asteraceae (5 plant species) was the largest family of medicinal plants with anti-kidney pain effect, and the flower (32%) was the most frequently used plant organ for anti-kidney pain property

Zingiber officinale Roscoe reduces chest pain on patients undergoing coronary angioplasty: A clinical trial

Introduction: Evidence from animal studies suggests that Zingiber officinale (ginger) may help prevent ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) in heart. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ginger on inducing preconditioning on patients undergoing angioplasty. Methods: Thirty-four patients, referred for elective angioplasty, were randomly divided into the control (17 patients) and ginger groups (17 patients). Subjects in the experimental group were provided 250 mg ginger powder in Zintoma capsules per day for 10 days, whereas those in the control group received placebo. The patients underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) (One 45-second balloon inflation and 2 minutes reperfusion). Chest pain scores were assessed immediately after angioplasty and cardiac injury biomarkers were assessed 12 hours later. Results: The average pain score during the balloon inflation in the ginger group was significantly lower than the control group (2.1±1 versus 3.8±1.5, P = 0.04). Troponin I was elevated in both groups after angioplasty, but there was not any significant difference between groups in this regard (P = 0.12 and 0.10, respectively). Conclusion: The use of ginger reduces chest pain during coronary angioplasty but its effect on the release of biochemical markers of myocardial damage is obscure

Reporting a lethal drug interaction occurred during evaluation of insulin resistance in mice polycystic ovary model

No abstrac

Reporting a lethal drug interaction occurred during evaluation of insulin resistance in mice polycystic ovary model

No abstrac