1,4-Diferrocenylbutane-1,4-dione

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C14H12O2)], each carbonyl group is coplanar with the adjacent cyclo­penta­dienyl ring, thus maximizing the π-orbital overlap and electronic inter­actions between the groups. In the crystal structure, there are inter- and intra­molecular C—H⋯O contacts

Pyrolysis of Table Sugar

Table sugars were pyrolyzed at different temperatures (300, 400, and 500°C) in a fixed-bed reactor. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on yields of liquid, solid, and gaseous products was investigated. As expected the yield of liquid products gradually increased and the yield of solid products gradually decreased when the pyrolysis temperature was raised. The yield of liquid products was greatest (52 wt%) at 500°C. The composition of bio-oils extracted with diethyl ether was identified by means of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The following compounds were observed in bio-oils produced from the pyrolysis of table sugar at 500°C: 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α-d-glucopyranose, 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural, 5-acetoxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, and cyclotetradecane liquid product. The relative concentration of 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural was the highest in bio-oils obtained from pyrolysis of table sugars at 500°C

Prevalence of Hypertension among High School Students in a Middle Anatolian Province of Turkey

Hypertension may lead to irreversible damages in vital organs, such as heart, brain, and kidney, and may cause death in children if treatments are not given despite early diagnosis. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted during 1 January–31 March 2004 to investigate the prevalence of hypertension among high school students. The study cohort included 1,041 students of six high schools, who were selected from among 14,789 students of 26 high schools in Sivas province of Turkey, using the cluster-sampling method. A questionnaire was used for collecting information from students on age, gender, smoking, and whether they or their families have any diseases. Blood pressure, height, and weight of the participitants were determined by the research group. Students whose repeated systolic or diastolic blood pressures were higher than the 95th percentile were considered to be hypertensive patients. Hypertension was prevalent among 4.4% (n=45) of the students. There was a significant correlation between prevalence of hypertension and body mass index. No significant correlation was found between prevalence of hypertension and other variables, such as smoking, age, gender, and family history of diabetes. The results suggest that hypertension is an important public-health problem among high school students. The results also showed that the body mass index was an important parameter in hypertension in such a study group. Researchers should consider overweight a causative risk factor for development of hypertension in early-onset groups

Prevalence of Hypertension among High School Students in a Middle Anatolian Province of Turkey

Hypertension may lead to irreversible damages in vital organs, such as heart, brain, and kidney, and may cause death in children if treatments are not given despite early diagnosis. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted during 1 January-31 March 2004 to investigate the prevalence of hypertension among high school students. The study cohort included 1,041 students of six high schools, who were selected from among 14,789 students of 26 high schools in Sivas province of Turkey, using the cluster-sampling method. A questionnaire was used for collecting information from students on age, gender, smoking, and whether they or their families have any diseases. Blood pressure, height, and weight of the participitants were determined by the research group. Students whose repeated systolic or diastolic blood pressures were higher than the 95th percentile were considered to be hypertensive patients. Hypertension was prevalent among 4.4% (n=45) of the students. There was a significant correlation between prevalence of hypertension and body mass index. No significant correlation was found between prevalence of hypertension and other variables, such as smoking, age, gender, and family history of diabetes. The results suggest that hypertension is an important public-health problem among high school students. The results also showed that the body mass index was an important parameter in hypertension in such a study group. Researchers should consider overweight a causative risk factor for development of hypertension in early-onset groups

Previous, simultaneous, or subsequent occurrence of malignant tumours in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a closer look at the single-tertiary-centre cases

Introduction: Our aims were to explore the relationship between primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and malignant tumour development, to determine the frequency and the time of occurrence of malignant tumours in patients with pHPT, and to evaluate the characteristics of pHPT in these patients. Material and methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive individuals who were diagnosed with pHPT aged 18 years or older in a university hospital during a 7-year period. A total of 198 patients with pHPT were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic, clinical, biochemical, radiologic findings, and histopathological diagnosis were collected from the electronic medical records of the hospital system. Results: The mean age of the study population was 58 ± 13 years and was predominantly female (female/male: 162/36). There were 42 (21.2%) patients with malignant tumours. Five (12%) out of 42 patients had metachronous double malignancies. The most common 2 concurrent malignancies were breast (36.1%) and thyroid (17.0%). Sixty-eight per cent of the malignant tumours occurred before the diagnosis of pHPT. A higher percentage (87.5%) of simultaneous tumours was seen in the thyroid gland. No statistically significant differences were observed between patients with and without malignant tumours in terms of demographic, clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological features. The median follow-up duration was 24 months after parathyroid surgery. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that pHPT was associated with various tumour types. The frequency of malignant tumours was 21.2%. Breast and thyroid cancers were the most common 2 cancers coexisting with pHPT. A large percentage of malignant tumours occurred before the diagnosis of pHPT. A higher percentage of simultaneous tumours was seen in the thyroid gland. pHPT patients with and without malignant tumours seemed to have similar characteristics

The Synthesis of some stable photosensitizers and their photochemical analysis

Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.IV ABSTRACT THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME STABLE PHOTOSENSITIZER AND THEIR PHOTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS BULUT, Adnan Ph.D. in Chemistry Supervisor Prof. Dr. Sıddık İçli April 1998, Previously unknown mono and three tosylate derivatives of galactochloralose (1,2-O-trichloroethylidene-a-D-galactofuranose) and oc- chloralose (1,2-O-trichloroethilydene-a-D-glucofuranose) were prepared. In addition to these compounds, previously unknown mono-and di-azido derivatives of tosyl derivatives by substitution were prepared. All of the compounds prepared were determined by spectroscopic methods. Mono-and di-azido derivatives were irradiated the Medium pressure 125 Watt UV-lamp. After the irradiation, it was detected (by I.r) that all azido groups were converted to the products. The photochemical transformations of mono-azido derivatives were found to produce imine derivatives. The imine derivatives were charecterized as hydrazones which were determined by n.m.r. In the analysis of photochemical transformations of di-azido derivatives, it was found that they were not the diimines in contrast to our quess. The spectrocopic analysis supported that they were the diazo compounds.m ÖZET BAZI KARARLI FOTOSENSİZATÖRLERİN SENTEZİ VE FOTOKİMYASAL İNCELEMESİ BULUT, Adnan Doktora Tezi, Kimya Anabilim Dalı Tez Yöneticisi Prof. Dr. Sıddık İçli Nisan, 1998 Galaktokloralozun (1,2-O-trikloroetilidten-a-D-galaktoruranoz) ve a- kloralozun (1,2-O-trikloroetiliden-a-D-glukofiıranoz) yeni mono ve tri tosil türevleri sentezlendi. Ayrıca bu tosil türevlerinden yeni mono ve di-azido türevleri sentezlendi. Elde edilen bütün bileşikler spektroskopik yöntemlerle tayin edildi. Mono- ve di- azido türevleri Medium pressure 125 Watt UV-lambası ile ışığa tutuldu. Bu ışığa tutulan azido bileşiklerinin tümünün ürünlere dönüştüğü I.r spektroskopisi ile anlaşıldı. Mono- azido türevlerinin fotokimyasal transformasyonu imin türevi şeklinde elde edilmiştir. Bu imin şekerleri hidrazon türevlerine dönüştürüldü ve n.m.r ile karakterize edildi. Di-azido türevlerinin fotokimyasal transformasyonu sonucunda oluşan bileşiklerin beklenenin aksine diimin olmadığı anlaşıldı. Yapılan analizler bu bileşiklerin diazo türü bileşikler olduğunu destekled

Synthesis of new ferrocenyl-substituted aziridines via the Gabriel-Cromwell reaction

The Gabriel -Cromwell method is applied successfully in the synthesis of ferrocenyl-substituted aziridines. Acryloyl- and crotonoy1ferrocenes are brominated first and then reacted with benzylamine, diisopropylamine, and furfurylamine in the presence of triethylamine. The aziridines are obtained in more than 90% isolated yields

Non-Acidic Mediated Friedel-Craft Reaction of Thiophene Using EtAlCl2

WOS: 000325204200122Since alkyl Lewis acids are Bronsted bases, they give a non-acidic reaction media. In this context, acylation of thiophene is investigated in the presence of EtAlCl2 and non-acidic media. Besides 8 examples of thiophene, one example for pyrrole is synthesized in moderate to high yields (up to 99 %)

Catalytic asymmetric nitroaldol (Henry) reaction with a zinc-Fam catalyst

WOS: 000259195200058PubMed: 18700743Ferrocenyl-substituted aziridinylmethanol (Fam-1) was used as a catalyst with zinc for the asymmetric nitroaldol (Henry) reaction. This catalyst worked with a variety of aldehydes (aromatic, aliphatic, alpha,beta-unsaturated, and heteroaromatic) and alpha-ketoesters to give the nitroaldol product in up to 97% yield and 91% ee. The chiral ligand call be recovered and recycled Without losing its activity.Scientific and Technical Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TBAG-106T071]; Middle East Technical UniversityMiddle East Technical University; Kirikkale University Research FoundationsKirikkale UniversityThe authors thank the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK. Grant No. TBAG-106T071), Middle East Technical University, and Kirikkale University Research Foundations for financial support