11 research outputs found
Delays in TB Diagnosis and Treatment Initiation in Burkina Faso during the COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted TB services, particularly in low resource settings. In Burkina Faso, a cross-sectional ‘before and after’ study was conducted to assess the impact of COVID-19 on access to TB services. Data was collected in two phases (Phase 1: December 2017–March 2018, and 2: October–December 2020) to estimate and compare various patient and system delays among TB patients before and during COVID-19 and explore changes in treatment seeking behaviors and practices. 331 TB patients were recruited across the two phases. A significant increase in median time between first symptom and contact with TB service (45 days vs. 26 days; p < 0.01) and decrease in median time between first contact and diagnosis, and treatment initiation, respectively, during COVID-19 compared to before. Fewer patients reported using public health centers and more patients reporting using private facilities as the point of first contact following TB symptom onset during the COVID-19 period compared to before. These findings suggest that COVID-19 has created barriers to TB service access and health seeking among symptomatic individuals, yet also led to some efficiencies in TB diagnostic and treatment services. Our findings can be help target efforts along specific points of the TB patient pathway to minimize the overall disruption of COVID-19 and future public health emergencies on TB control in Burkina Faso
Implementation of tuberculosis prevention for exposed children, burkina faso
Objective:
To develop and test a simple system for recording and reporting the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection and to compare the effects of passive and active tracing of child contacts on indicators of such infection.
Methods:
We revised Burkina Faso's latent tuberculosis infection register and quarterly tuberculosis reporting form. Subsequently, coverage of the routine screening of contacts, who were younger than five years, for active tuberculosis and the corresponding percentages of such contacts who, if eligible, initiated preventive therapy were measured, nationwide, between 1 April 2016 and 31 March 2017. In 2016, we evaluated indicators of latent tuberculosis infection in the Hauts-Bassins region before and after community health workers had begun the active tracing of contacts who were younger than five years.
Findings:
In Burkina Faso, during our study period, 3717 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 1166 corresponding contacts who were younger than five years were reported as the result of routine screening and passive contact tracing. The overall contact:index ratio was 0.31 and corresponding screening coverage was 82.0% (956/1166) and proportion of children starting on preventive treatment was 90.5% (852/941). Active tracing in Hauts-Bassins led to a substantially higher contact/index ratio (1.83) and screening coverage (99.3%; 145/146).
Conclusion:
The newly established recording and reporting system proved feasible and user-friendly and allowed measurement of global indicators of latent tuberculosis infection. Compared with active tracing, passive tracing led to much lower estimates of the numbers of child contacts
Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des populations face à la tuberculose dans trois régions du Burkina Faso
Au Burkina Faso, le dĂ©pistage prĂ©coce des cas de la tuberculose (TB) constitue encore un dĂ©fi malgrĂ© lâimplication communautaire dansla lutte contre la maladie depuis 2005. Des connaissances et attitudes adĂ©quates face Ă la tuberculose devraient contribuer Ă amĂ©liorer la dĂ©tection des cas. Lâobjectif de notre travail Ă©tait de dĂ©crire les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des communautĂ©sface Ă la tuberculose. Nous avonsrĂ©alisĂ© une analyse des donnĂ©es dâenquĂȘte transversale menĂ©e en 2012 dans trois rĂ©gions du Burkina Faso. Les participants ont Ă©tĂ© choisis selon un Ă©chantillonnage en grappe. Nous avons identifiĂ© les facteurs associĂ©s Ă la connaissance Ă partir dâune rĂ©gression de Cox. Au total 2 261 individus ont Ă©tĂ© enquĂȘtĂ©s. Le sexe fĂ©minin Ă©tait majoritaire (56,2 %). Plus de 85 % des enquĂȘtĂ©s ont dĂ©clarĂ© avoir dĂ©jĂ entendu parler de la TB. Un tiers (30,4 %) de la population a une bonne connaissance de la tuberculose. Lesfacteurs associĂ©s Ă la connaissance sur la tuberculose sont : le sexe, lâĂąge, le niveau dâinstruction et le lieu de rĂ©sidence. Pour plus de 96 % de la population enquĂȘtĂ©e, le centre de santĂ© est le premier recours en cas de suspicion de symptĂŽmes de la tuberculose. Le niveau global de la connaissance de la TB reste faible dansla population gĂ©nĂ©rale au Burkina Faso. LâamĂ©lioration de la connaissance sur la TB tenant compte des disparitĂ©s identifiĂ©es dans cette Ă©tude est nĂ©cessaire pour lâatteinte des objectifs en matiĂšre de lutte contre la TB au Burkina Faso.
Mots-clés : tuberculose, connaissance, pratique, Cox, Burkina Faso.
English Title: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to TB among the general population of three regions of Burkina FasoIn Burkina Faso, early detection of tuberculosis(TB) casesremain a challenge despite community involvement in the fight against the disease since 2005. Adequate knowledge and attitudes related to tuberculosis should help improve case detection. The aim of our study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities regarding tuberculosis. We performed an analysis of cross-sectional survey data conductedin 2012 in three regions of Burkina Faso. To select participants, we carried out a three-stage clustersampling. We identified the TB related knowledge associated factorsthrough a Cox regression. A total, 2261 individuals were surveyed. The female was in the majority (56.2 %). Over 85 % of those surveyed said they had heard from TB before. One-third (30.4 %) of the population has a good knowledge of tuberculosis. Factors associated with TB-related knowledge are gender, age, education, and place of residence. For more than 96 % of the population surveyed, the health center is the first resort in case of suspected symptoms of tuberculosis. The overall level of knowledge of TB remainslow in the general population in Burkina Faso. Improving knowledge about TB taking into account the disparities identified in this study is necessary for reaching national goals in Burkina Faso.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, knowledge, practices, Cox, Burkina Fas
Immunological and Haematological Relevance of Helminths and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Complex Coinfection among Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
The effect of helminthiasis on host immunity is a neglected area of research, particularly in tuberculosis (TB) infection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of helminthiasis on immunological and haematological parameters in newly diagnosed TB patients in Bobo-Dioulasso. After all biological analyses, we formed three subpopulations: group 1 (n = 82), as control, were participants without helminthic or Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection (Mtbâ/Helmâ), group 2 (n = 73) were TB patients without helminthic infection (Mtb+/Helmâ), and group 3 (n = 22) were TB patients with helminthic infection (Mtb+/Helm+). The proportion of helminth coinfection was 23.16% (22/95) in TB patients, and Schistosoma mansoni infection was found in 77.3% (17/22) cases of helminthiasis observed in this study. A low CD4 T cell count and a low CD4:CD8 ratio were significantly associated with concomitant infection with helminths and the Mtb complex (Mtb+/Helm+) compared to the other groups (p p > 0.05). Lymphopenia, monocytosis, thrombocytosis, and hypochromic microcytic anaemia were the haematological defects observed in the Mtb+/Helm+ and Mtb+/Helmâ patients. Exploring these types of immuneâhaematological biomarkers would be a valuable aid in diagnosing and a better follow-up and monitoring of the tuberculosisâhelminthiasis coinfection
Spoligotypes, MIRU-VNTR patterns and clonal complex identification of the <i>M. bovis</i> strains isolated in Burkina Faso.
1<p><b>âȘ</b>, presence of spacer; <b>âĄ</b>, absence of spacer.</p>2<p>MIRU-VNTR loci: ETR A, ETR B, ETR C, ETR D, ETR E, QUB-11a, QUB-11b, QUB-3232, QUB-26, QUB-4156, MIRU 2, MIRU 10, MIRU 16, MIRU 20, MIRU 23, MIRU 24, MIRU 26, MIRU 27, MIRU 39, MIRU 40, Mtub 04, Mtub 21, Mtub 29, Mtub 30, Mtub 34, Mtub 39. NAâ=âNot Available.</p>3<p>Af1â=âAfrican 1 clonal complex, Af5â=âputative African 5 clonal complex.</p><p>Spoligotypes, MIRU-VNTR patterns and clonal complex identification of the <i>M. bovis</i> strains isolated in Burkina Faso.</p
Socio-demographic informations about hosts and <i>M. bovis</i> isolates.
a<p>specific to human hosts,</p>b<p>bovine study,</p>c<p>nationwide survey,</p>d<p>regional study.</p><p>Socio-demographic informations about hosts and <i>M. bovis</i> isolates.</p
UPGMA tree based on the MIRU-VNTR (26 loci) and spoligotyping data.
<p>1, SB numberâ=âname of spoligotype based on <a href="http://www.Mbovis.org" target="_blank">http://www.Mbovis.org</a> database nomenclature; 2, RDAf1â=âGenomic deletion specific to Af1 clonal complex; 3, The MIRU-VNTR patterns are detailed in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003142#pntd-0003142-t002" target="_blank">table 2</a>.</p
Allelic diversity of the 26 MIRU-VNTR loci in <i>M. bovis</i> isolates from humans and livestock in Burkina Faso.<sup>*</sup>
<p>*Excluding one strain of the putative African 5 clonal complex that hasn't MIRU-VNTR data.</p><p>Af1â=âAfrican 1 clonal complex, Af5â=âputative African 5 clonal complex.</p><p>Allelic diversity of the 26 MIRU-VNTR loci in <i>M. bovis</i> isolates from humans and livestock in Burkina Faso.<sup><a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003142#nt108" target="_blank">*</a></sup></p