100 research outputs found
Potensi Permukiman Padat sebagai Dasar Perencanaan Pembangunan Hunian Vertikal di Kota Magelang
Pembangunan permukiman di Indonesia saat ini sedang mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan. Permasalahannya adalah lahan yang tersedia untuk dialihfungsikan menjadi lahan permukiman semakin sedikit. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah perencanaan pembangunan hunian vertikal. Kajian ini mengidentifikasi pola dan distribusi permukiman, menganalisis kebutuhan pembangunan hunian vertikal, dan memproyeksi kebutuhan dan arah pengembangannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah interpretasi citra foto udara Quickbird dan basemap online ArcMap 10.3. Terdapat 11 parameter kualitas permukiman yang dinilai dengan cara interpretasi citra foto udara dan survei lapangan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah proportionate stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kota Magelang memiliki pola permukiman linier mengikuti pola aliran jalan. Distribusi permukiman paling besar berada di Kecamatan Magelang Utara sebesar 218,67 hektar. Hasil proyeksi menunjukkan bahwa Kota Magelang belum membutuhkan hunian vertikal. Calon lokasi apartemen ditentukan berada di Kelurahan Kramat Utara. Calon lokasi rumah susun ditentukan berjumlah tiga dan berada di Kelurahan Kramat Selatan, Jurangombo Utara, dan Tidar Selatan
Hydrogen bond arrangement is shown to differ in coexisting phases of aqueous two-phase systems
Analysis by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that each coexisting phase in aqueous two-phase systems has a different arrangement of hydrogen bonds. Specific arrangements vary for systems formed by different solutes. The hydrogen bond arrangement is shown to correlate with differences in hydrophobic and electrostatic properties of the different phases of five specific systems, four formed by two polymers and one by a single polymer and salt. The results presented here suggest that the arrangement of hydrogen bonds may be an important factor in phase separation.P.P.M. acknowledges University of Aveiro, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials
for funding in the framework of the project UIDB/5011/2020 and UIDP/50011/2020, financed by
national funds through the FCT/MEC contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5, and 6 of the article
23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19.publishe
Functional, thermal and EMC analysis for a safety critical analogue design applied to a transportation systems
Safety-critical equipment depends on the study of functional, thermal, EMC (Electromagnetic
Compatibility) and RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety) fields. The variation of one
area characteristic could result in a failure to fulfil safety requirements. Traditionally, thermal, EMC or
RAMS issues were only considered once the design was done. This paper proposes a novel analogue
equipment design methodology by studying these areas dependently from the beginning of the design
process. Each area requirements and design parameters and the relation among them are defined
qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on these dependences among all the areas, the cross-influence of
each parameter variation in other areas requirements is demonstrated. The obtained results are intended to
aid the fulfilment of requirements of the design of any safety critical analogue circuit, and to help designers
to know beforehand the consequences of any change in the design, saving time and money. The application
of this methodology in a SIL 2 RF transmitter is shown and the improvement and worsening of
requirements depending on the parameters variation is exposed
On Eigenvalues of Random Complexes
We consider higher-dimensional generalizations of the normalized Laplacian
and the adjacency matrix of graphs and study their eigenvalues for the
Linial-Meshulam model of random -dimensional simplicial complexes
on vertices. We show that for , the eigenvalues of
these matrices are a.a.s. concentrated around two values. The main tool, which
goes back to the work of Garland, are arguments that relate the eigenvalues of
these matrices to those of graphs that arise as links of -dimensional
faces. Garland's result concerns the Laplacian; we develop an analogous result
for the adjacency matrix. The same arguments apply to other models of random
complexes which allow for dependencies between the choices of -dimensional
simplices. In the second part of the paper, we apply this to the question of
possible higher-dimensional analogues of the discrete Cheeger inequality, which
in the classical case of graphs relates the eigenvalues of a graph and its edge
expansion. It is very natural to ask whether this generalizes to higher
dimensions and, in particular, whether the higher-dimensional Laplacian spectra
capture the notion of coboundary expansion - a generalization of edge expansion
that arose in recent work of Linial and Meshulam and of Gromov. We show that
this most straightforward version of a higher-dimensional discrete Cheeger
inequality fails, in quite a strong way: For every and , there is a -dimensional complex on vertices that
has strong spectral expansion properties (all nontrivial eigenvalues of the
normalised -dimensional Laplacian lie in the interval
) but whose coboundary expansion is bounded
from above by and so tends to zero as ;
moreover, can be taken to have vanishing integer homology in dimension
less than .Comment: Extended full version of an extended abstract that appeared at SoCG
2012, to appear in Israel Journal of Mathematic
Hypothyroidism attenuates protein tyrosine nitration, oxidative stress and renal damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion: effect unrelated to antioxidant enzymes activities
BACKGROUND: It has been established that hypothyroidism protects rats against renal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) oxidative damage. However, it is not clear if hypothyroidism is able to prevent protein tyrosine nitration, an index of nitrosative stress, induced by IR or if antioxidant enzymes have involved in this protective effect. In this work it was explored if hypothyroidism is able to prevent the increase in nitrosative and oxidative stress induced by IR. In addition the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase was studied. Control and thyroidectomized (HTX) rats were studied 24 h of reperfusion after 60 min ischemia. METHODS: Male Wistar rats weighing 380 ± 22 g were subjected to surgical thyroidectomy. Rats were studied 15 days after surgery. Euthyroid sham-operated rats were used as controls (CT). Both groups of rats underwent a right kidney nephrectomy and suffered a 60 min left renal ischemia with 24 h of reperfusion. Rats were divided in four groups: CT, HTX, IR and HTX+IR. Rats were sacrificed and samples of plasma and kidney were obtained. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were measured in blood plasma. Kidney damage was evaluated by histological analysis. Oxidative stress was measured by immunohistochemical localization of protein carbonyls and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified proteins. The protein carbonyl content was measured using antibodies against dinitrophenol (DNP)-modified proteins. Nitrosative stress was measured by immunohistochemical analysis of 3-nitrotyrosine modified proteins. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase was measured by spectrophotometric methods. Multiple comparisons were performed with ANOVA followed by Bonferroni t test. RESULTS: The histological damage and the rise in plasma creatinine and BUN induced by IR were significantly lower in HTX+IR group. The increase in protein carbonyls and in 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal modified proteins was prevented in HTX+IR group. IR-induced decrease in renal antioxidant enzymes was essentially not prevented by HTX in HTX+IR group. CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism was able to prevent not only oxidative but also nitrosative stress induced by IR. In addition, the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase seem not to play a protective role in this experimental model
Investigation of short-term surgical complications in a low-resource, high-volume dog sterilisation clinic in India
Abstract Background Surgical sterilisation is currently the method of choice for controlling free-roaming dog populations. However, there are significant logistical challenges to neutering large numbers of dogs in low-resource clinics. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of short-term surgical complications in a low-resource sterilisation clinic which did not routinely administer post-operative antibiotics. The medical records of all sterilisation surgeries performed in 2015 at the Worldwide Veterinary Service International Training Centre in Tamil Nadu, India were reviewed (group A) to assess immediate surgical complications. All animals in this group were monitored for at least 24 h post-surgery but were not released until assessed by a veterinarian as having uncomplicated wound healing. In the second part of this study from August to December 2015, 200 free-roaming dogs undergoing sterilisation surgery, were monitored for a minimum of 4-days post-surgery to further assess postoperative complications (group B). Results Surgery related complications were seen in 5.4% (95%CI, 4.5–6.5%) of the 1998 group A dogs monitored for at least 24 h, and in 7.0% (3.9–11.5%) of the 200 group B dogs monitored for 4 days. Major complications were classed as those requiring an intervention and resulted in increased morbidity or mortality. Major complications were seen in 2.8% (2.1–3.6%) and 1.5% (3.1–4.3%) of group A and B, respectively. Minor complications requiring little or no intervention were recorded for 2.6% (1.9–3.4%) for group A and 5.5% (2.8–9.6%) for group B. There was no evidence for a difference in complication rates between the two groups in a multivariate regression model. Conclusion This study demonstrated that high volume, low-resource sterilisation of dogs can be performed with a low incidence of surgical complications and low mortality
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