Sociodemograhic characteristics of dog breeders in some selected states in southwestern Nigeria

Dog breeding is a young growing business in which certain sociodemographic characteristics of the people has a far long reaching influence on breeding and the choice of dog to be bred. Information was obtained by structured questionnaire issued to the breeders; one hundred and twenty-five questionnaires were adequately filled out of two hundred issued out, and was analysed using simple descriptive statistics. Dog breeding is neither dependent on age, sex, nor educational status, to be a dog breeder, one only need to understand the rules of breeding. Our findings show that more males and youths within the age of 10 to 30 years are more involved in breeding. Majority of the breeders have tertiary education qualification which would motivate them to read and study the act of mating specific breeds of dogs for genetic improvement, this we believe should help in learning to acquire more knowledge about dog breeding for better profit.Keywords: Socio-demographic Characteristics, Dog Breeders, Western Nigerial cities, Oyo, Ogun, Lago

Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4 (62.3 (55.1�70.8) million) to 6.4 (58.3 (47.6�70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization�s Global Nutrition Target of <5 in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2 (30 (22.8�38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0 (55.5 (44.8�67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic. © 2020, The Author(s)

Author Correction: Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017 (Nature Medicine, (2020), 26, 5, (750-759), 10.1038/s41591-020-0807-6)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. © 2020, The Author(s)

Author Correction: Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017 (Nature Medicine, (2020), 26, 5, (750-759), 10.1038/s41591-020-0807-6)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. © 2020, The Author(s)

Serological screening for porcine Japanese B encephalitis virus among commercial pigs in an urban abattoir in southwest Nigeria

The inter-continental spread of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) to non-endemic regions is a continual impending threat with pigs implicated to play a major role in its transmission. Hence, the seroprevalence of the virus in pigs in a particular location is of utmost importance in the detection and control of the disease in a naïve population. A serological screening for JEV in slaughtered pigs at an urban abattoir in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria was conducted. Sera from 364 apparently healthy pigs were analyzed for the presence of JEV antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit. The results showed that none of the pigs had optimal JEV antibody titres, 42 (11.5%) had sub-optimal antibody levels while 322 (88.5%) were negative. Detection of sub-optimal JEV antibody levels in these unvaccinated pigs suggests exposure to JEV or related viruses. Also, drainages with dirt and stagnant water suitable for mosquito breeding were observed in this study. Considering that mosquito vector- and pig to pig- transmissions of JEV have been reported, these pigs, although with sub-optimal antibody levels can act as potential environmental source and play a role in transmission cycle of the virus in the study area. This therefore calls for continuous monitoring of the disease in pigs in Nigeria

Immunomodulatory effect of Levamisole hydrochloride and Mentofin® in Newcastle disease vaccinated commercial broilers

No AbstractKeywords: Levamisole, Mentofin®, broiler, antibody response, Newcastle disease vaccinatio

Concurrent Hepatozoonosis and Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a 10-Year Old German Shepherd Dog In Abeokuta, Nigeria

In this study, a case of hepatozoonosis with concurrent TVT unresponsive to chemotherapy in a 10-year old female German shepherd dog treated with Vincristine for 10 weeks at the State Veterinary Clinic, Abeokuta, was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Adiagnosis of hepatozoonosis and TVTwere made based on clinical presentations including protruding mass from the vulva, parasitological technique and cytological evaluation of the tumour mass and bone marrow using optical fine needle aspirate. Pathological changes observed in various organs at post-mortem, following euthanasia were cachexia, pale and icteric ocular and oral mucous membranes, enlarged and oedematous lymph nodes. Histopatholgical lesions were round to oval neoplastic cells from the growth observed in the vagina. There were different developmental stages of the merogony of Hepatozoon canisin the bone marrow. We concluded that concurrent hepatozoonosis and TVT and, possibly, the geriatric state of the patient contributed largely to the problem of unresponsiveness to treatment. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of concurrent infection of canine hepatozoonosis and TVTin Nigeria Keywords: Dog, hepatozoonosis, TVT, unresponsive to chemotherap

Author Correction: Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017 (Nature Medicine, (2020), 26, 5, (750-759), 10.1038/s41591-020-0807-6)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. © 2020, The Author(s)