Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Small T Antigen mRNA Level Is Increased following In Vivo UV-Radiation

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive skin cancer involving Merkel cells. Recently, a new human polyomavirus was implicated in MCC, being present in 80% of the samples analyzed. In virus-positive MCC, the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is clonally integrated into the patients DNA, and carries mutations in its large T antigen, leading to a truncated protein. In non-symptomatic tissue MCPyV can reside at very low levels. MCC is also associated with older age, immunosuppression and sun exposure. However, the link with solar exposure remains unknown, as the precise mechanism and steps involved between time of infection by MCPyV and the development of MCC. We thus investigated the potential impact of solar simulated radiation (SSR) on MCPyV transcriptional activity. We screened skin samples of 20 healthy patients enrolled in a photodermatological protocol based on in vivo-administered 2 and 4 J/cm2 SSR. Two patients were infected with two new variants of MCPyV, present in their episomal form and RT-QPCR analyses on SSR-irradiated skin samples showed a specific and unique dose-dependent increase of MCPyV small t antigen transcript. A luciferase based in vitro assay confirmed that small t promoter is indeed UV-inducible. These findings demonstrate that solar radiation has an impact on MCPyV mRNA levels that may explain the association between MCC and solar exposure

Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on human serum metabolite profile: results from the KORA cohort study

Background: Metabolomics helps to identify links between environmental exposures and intermediate biomarkers of disturbed pathways. We previously reported variations in phosphatidylcholines in male smokers compared with non-smokers in a cross-sectional pilot study with a small sample size, but knowledge of the reversibility of smoking effects on metabolite profiles is limited. Here, we extend our metabolomics study with a large prospective study including female smokers and quitters. Methods: Using targeted metabolomics approach, we quantified 140 metabolite concentrations for 1,241 fasting serum samples in the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) human cohort at two time points: baseline survey conducted between 1999 and 2001 and follow-up after seven years. Metabolite profiles were compared among groups of current smokers, former smokers and never smokers, and were further assessed for their reversibility after smoking cessation. Changes in metabolite concentrations from baseline to the follow-up were investigated in a longitudinal analysis comparing current smokers, never smokers and smoking quitters, who were current smokers at baseline but former smokers by the time of follow-up. In addition, we constructed protein-metabolite networks with smoking-related genes and metabolites. Results: We identified 21 smoking-related metabolites in the baseline investigation (18 in men and six in women, with three overlaps) enriched in amino acid and lipid pathways, which were significantly different between current smokers and never smokers. Moreover, 19 out of the 21 metabolites were found to be reversible in former smokers. In the follow-up study, 13 reversible metabolites in men were measured, of which 10 were confirmed to be reversible in male quitters. Protein-metabolite networks are proposed to explain the consistent reversibility of smoking effects on metabolites. Conclusions: We showed that smoking-related changes in human serum metabolites are reversible after smoking cessation, consistent with the known cardiovascular risk reduction. The metabolites identified may serve as potential biomarkers to evaluate the status of smoking cessation and characterize smoking-related diseases

Allergies cutanées au kétoprofène

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocRENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Effets secondaires cutanés du voriconazole (connaissances, attitudes et comportements chez les patients atteints de mucoviscidose)

Une photosensibilité et des cancers cutanés ont été décrits sous voriconazole. Nous avons mené une étude multicentrique auprès d adultes atteints de mucoviscidose ayant été traités par voriconazole afin d évaluer les connaissances, attitudes et comportements vis-à-vis des risques dermatologiques de ce traitement et décrire ses effets secondaires cutanés. Trente-sept patients ont été interrogés: 89% connaissaient le risque de photosensibilité, 69% avaient été informés des effets secondaires et 61% avaient modifié leur comportement vis-à-vis du soleil. Le principal facteur associé au changement de comportement était la photosensibilité ressentie. Une photosensibilité était rapportée par 59% des patients. Il existait une association entre la survenue de photosensibilité et une durée plus longue de traitement. La photosensibilité sous voriconazole est fréquente chez les patients atteints de mucoviscidose: une information adaptée est indispensable et une photoprotection est nécessaire.RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Mycobactérioses cutanées atypiques ou environnementales (à propos de cinq cas du CHU de Rennes (1990 à 2002))

RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Docetaxel-induced photo-recall phenomenon.

International audiencePhoto-recall phenomenon is a phototoxic eruption occurring on areas of previous ultraviolet-induced solar erythema following a systemic administration of a drug. It has been mostly described with methotrexate but remains rare with other antineoplastic drugs. We describe a case of docetaxel-induced photo-recall skin rash in a woman treated for a non-small-cell lung cancer. Although the patient has refused to receive a second infusion, chemotherapy can be carried on with photoprotection and the use of topical and/or systemic corticosteroids. In contrast, radiation recall is a well-known reaction by oncologists, most of them may not be aware of a similar phenomenon called photo-recall phenomenon. Recognizing this entity may avoid misdiagnosing a drug allergy and should avoid inappropriate decisions of drug discontinuation

In vivo and ex vivo UV-induced analysis of pigmentation gene expressions

International audienceno abstrac

Enoxaparin-Induced DRESS Syndrome

Low-molecular-weight heparins are widely used for the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism. However, they can induce adverse skin reactions. The most common reactions are delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions at injection sites. Rare systemic reactions have been reported. We report, to our knowledge, the first case of a drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome (DRESS) due to enoxaparin which belongs to the low-molecular-weight heparins class

Congenital Erosive and Vesicular Dermatosis Healing with Reticulated Scarring

International audienceno abstrac