36,983 research outputs found
Fermi-liquid effects in the gapless state of marginally thin superconducting films
We present low temperature tunneling density-of-states measurements in Al
films in high parallel magnetic fields. The thickness range of the films, t=6-9
nm, was chosen so that the orbital and Zeeman contributions to their parallel
critical fields were comparable. In this quasi-spin paramagnetically limited
configuration, the field produces a significant suppression of the gap, and at
high fields the gapless state is reached. By comparing measured and calculated
tunneling spectra we are able to extract the value of the antisymmetric
Fermi-liquid parameter G^0 and thereby deduce the quasiparticle density
dependence of the effective parameter G^0_{eff} across the gapless state.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Orbital Response of Evanescent Cooper Pairs in Paramagnetically Limited Al Films
We report a detailed study of the pairing resonance via tunneling density of
states in ultra-thin superconducting Al films in supercritical magnetic fields.
Particular emphasis is placed on effects of the perpendicular component of the
magnetic field on the resonance energy and magnitude. Though the resonance is
broadened and attenuated by as expected, its energy is shifted upward
linearly with . Extension of the original theory of the resonance to
include strong perpendicular fields shows that at sufficiently large
the overlap of the broadened resonance tail with the underlying degenerate
Fermi sea alters the spectral distribution of the resonance via the exclusion
principle. This leads to the shift of the the resonance feature to higher
energy.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Giant viscosity enhancement in a spin-polarized Fermi liquid
The viscosity is measured for a Fermi liquid, a dilute He-He mixture,
under extremely high magnetic field/temperature conditions ( T, mK). The spin splitting energy is substantially greater than
the Fermi energy ; as a consequence the polarization tends to unity
and s-wave quasiparticle scattering is suppressed for . Using a
novel composite vibrating-wire viscometer an enhancement of the viscosity is
observed by a factor of more than 500 over its low-field value. Good agreement
is found between the measured viscosity and theoretical predictions based upon
a -matrix formalism.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Design and analysis of fractional factorial experiments from the viewpoint of computational algebraic statistics
We give an expository review of applications of computational algebraic
statistics to design and analysis of fractional factorial experiments based on
our recent works. For the purpose of design, the techniques of Gr\"obner bases
and indicator functions allow us to treat fractional factorial designs without
distinction between regular designs and non-regular designs. For the purpose of
analysis of data from fractional factorial designs, the techniques of Markov
bases allow us to handle discrete observations. Thus the approach of
computational algebraic statistics greatly enlarges the scope of fractional
factorial designs.Comment: 16 page
Density of States, Entropy, and the Superconducting Pomeranchuk Effect in Pauli-Limited Al Films
We present low temperature tunneling density of states measurements of
Pauli-limited Al films in which the Zeeman and orbital contributions to the
critical field are comparable. We show that films in the thickness range of 6-7
nm exhibit a reentrant parallel critical field transition which is associated
with a high entropy superconducting phase, similar to the high entropy solid
phase of 3He responsible for the Pomeranchuk effect. This phase is
characterized by an excess of states near the Fermi energy so long as the
parallel critical field transition remains second order. Theoretical fits to
the zero bias tunneling conductance are in good agreement with the data well
below the transition but theory deviates significantly near the transition. The
discrepancy is a consequence of the emergence of e-e interaction correlations
as one enters the normal state.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures; to be published in Phys. Rev.
The SKA view of the Neutral Interstellar Medium in Galaxies
Two major questions in galaxy evolution are how star-formation on small
scales leads to global scaling laws and how galaxies acquire sufficient gas to
sustain their star formation rates. HI observations with high angular
resolution and with sensitivity to very low column densities are some of the
important observational ingredients that are currently still missing. Answers
to these questions are necessary for a correct interpretation of observations
of galaxy evolution in the high-redshift universe and will provide crucial
input for the sub-grid physics in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy
evolutions. In this chapter we discuss the progress that will be made with the
SKA using targeted observations of nearby individual disk and dwarf galaxies.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, to appear as part of 'Neutral Hydrogen' in
Proceedings 'Advancing Astrophysics with the SKA (AASKA14)', PoS(AASKA14)12
Spin-Resolved Tunneling Studies of the Exchange Field in EuS/Al Bilayers
We use spin-resolved electron tunneling to study the exchange field in the Al
component of EuS/Al bilayers, in both the superconducting and normal-state
phases of the Al. Contrary to expectation, we show that the exchange field,
Hex, is a non-linear function of applied field, even in applied fields that are
well beyond the EuS coercive field. Furthermore the magnitude Hex is unaffected
by the superconducting phase. In addition, Hex decreases significantly with
increasing temperature in the temperature range of 0.1-1 K. We discuss these
results in the context of recent theories of generalized spin-dependent
boundary conditions at a superconductor/ferromagnet interface.Comment: 4+ pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Far-infrared vibrational properties of high-pressure-high-temperature C60 polymers and the C60 dimer
We report high-resolution far-infrared transmission measurements of the 2 + 2 cycloaddition C-60 dimer and two-dimensional rhombohedral and one-dimensional orthorhombic high-pressure high-temperature C60 polymers. In the spectral region investigated(20-650 cm(-1)), we see no low-energy interball modes, but symmetry breaking of the linked C-60 balls is evident in the complex spectrum of intramolecular modes. Experimental features suggest large splittings or frequency shifts of some IhC60-derived modes that are activated by symmetry reduction, implying that the balls are strongly distorted in these structures. We have calculated the vibrations of all three systems by first-principles quantum molecular dynamics and use them to assign the predominant IhC60 symmetries of observed modes. Pur calculations show unprecedentedly large downshifts of T-1u(2)-derived modes and extremely large splittings of other modes, both of which are consistent with the experimental spectra. For the rhombohedral and orthorhombic polymers, the T-1u(2)-derived mode that is polarized along the bonding direction is calculated to downshift below any T-1u(1)-derived modes. We also identify a previously unassigned feature near 610 cm(-1) in all three systems as a widely split or shifted mode derived from various silent IhC60 vibrations, confirming a strong perturbation model for these linked fullerene structures
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