Triboluminescence Phenomenon Based on the Metal Complex Compounds—A Short Review

Triboluminescence (TL) is a phenomenon of light emission resulting from the mechanical force applied to a substance. Although TL has been observed for many ages, the radiation mechanism is still under investigation. One of the exemplary compounds which possesses triboluminescent properties are copper(I) thiocyanate bipyridine triphenylphosphine complex [Cu(NCS)(py)2(PPh3)], europium tetrakis dibenzoylmethide triethylammonium EuD4TEA, tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2, and bis(triphenylphosphine oxide)manganese(II) bromide Mn(Ph3PO)2Br2. Due to the effortless synthesis route and distinct photo- and triboluminescent properties, these compounds may be useful model substances for the research on the triboluminescence mechanism. The advance of TL studies may lead to the development of a new group of sensors based on force-responsive (mechanical stimuli) materials. This review constitutes a comprehensive theoretical study containing available information about the coordination of metal complex synthesis methodologies with their physical, chemical, and spectroscopic properties

All-optical switching in dye-doped DNA nanofibers

All-optical switches are introduced which are based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the form of electrospun fibers, where DNA is semi-intercalated with a push-pull, luminescent nonlinear pyrazoline derivative. Optical birefringence is found in the organic nanofibers, with fully reversible switching controlled through continuous-wave laser irradiation. The photoinduced signal is remarkably large, with birefringence highlighted by optically-driven refractive index anisotropy approaching 0.001. Sub-millisecond characteristic switching times are found. Integrating dye-intercalated DNA complex systems in organic nanofibers, as a convenient and efficient approach to template molecular organization and control it by external stimuli, might open new routes for realizing optical logic gates, reconfigurable photonic networks and sensors through physically-transient biopolymer components

Triboluminescence Phenomenon Based on the Metal Complex Compounds—A Short Review

Triboluminescence (TL) is a phenomenon of light emission resulting from the mechanical force applied to a substance. Although TL has been observed for many ages, the radiation mechanism is still under investigation. One of the exemplary compounds which possesses triboluminescent properties are copper(I) thiocyanate bipyridine triphenylphosphine complex [Cu(NCS)(py)2(PPh3)], europium tetrakis dibenzoylmethide triethylammonium EuD4TEA, tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2, and bis(triphenylphosphine oxide)manganese(II) bromide Mn(Ph3PO)2Br2. Due to the effortless synthesis route and distinct photo- and triboluminescent properties, these compounds may be useful model substances for the research on the triboluminescence mechanism. The advance of TL studies may lead to the development of a new group of sensors based on force-responsive (mechanical stimuli) materials. This review constitutes a comprehensive theoretical study containing available information about the coordination of metal complex synthesis methodologies with their physical, chemical, and spectroscopic properties

Photoinduced Birefringence in PMMA Polymer Doped with Photoisomerizable Pyrazoline Derivative

Upon S₀–S₁ excitation, the pyrazoline derivative molecule (<i>Z</i>)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-3-yl)­acrylonitrile, abbreviated as PY-oCNNO₂, can be transformed from its ground state <i>trans</i> (<i>E</i>) form to bended <i>cis</i> (<i>Z</i>) form. Similar to the case of the well-known family of the photochromic azobenzenes, such a molecular property can be employed to fabrication of photochromic polymers by suitable doping of the chromophores into polymer matrix. In this work, we prepared poly­(methyl methacrylate) thin films doped with PY-oCNNO₂ and measured the characteristic for optical switchers dynamic and static photoinduced birefringence (PIB) phenomenon. Possible conformational states of PY-oCNNO₂, energy barriers, and associated dipole moments were calculated using TD-DFT quantum chemical methods. The presented experiments show that pyrazoline derivatives constitute a prospective group of materials with a great potential for photonic applications

Perylene-Based Chromophore as a Versatile Dye for Light Amplification

One of the challenges for modern optoelectronics is to find versatile, easily adaptable components for novel laser-based technologies. A very attractive perylene-derivative chromophore in different organic matrices for high-performance light amplification is discussed and outlined. Our approach demonstrates the outstandingly compatible laser dye and a viable strategy to provide an effective optical gain for stimulated emission enhancement. Through structural control, we produce simple optical devices embedded in organic matrices, such as poly(methyl methacrylate), nematic liquid crystalline (NLC) mixture, and a hybrid emulsion system (poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA + NLC mesophase). Importantly, we investigate and compare the spectroscopy of differently constructed organic systems in terms of stimulated-emission thresholds and light amplification process efficiency. Moreover, we report the effects of tunability for LC cells by an applied external electric field stimulus. Future directions of laser systems are outlined with an emphasis on the role of the perylene derivative. The studies meet current challenges in the field of modern organic technologies dedicated to various optoelectronic systems, including touch screens, displays, and Li-Fi networks

Innovative triazine-core octupolar chromophores: unlocking new Frontiers in nonlinear optics

International audienceThe nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of differently structured organic materials, such as low-weight dyes, macromolecular chains, or those functionalized by metal ions, have been widely investigated and are crucial for various applications in fields such as photonics, optical sensing, and data transmission. In this study, we explore the use of a 1,3,5-triazine core for constructing new azo/stilbene-based octupolar NLO chromophores (NLOPhores) and investigate their linear, second-order, and third-order NLO properties. Specifically, we examine their all-optical switching, causing remote optical anisotropy of the refractive index through the global re-ordering of photochromic molecules in host-guest polymeric thin films using the Optical Kerr effect. Additionally, NLOPhores were analyzed experimentally using the Z-scan methodology, as well as the comparative techniques defining the second and third harmonics of light generation (SHG and THG). These comprehensive studies demonstrate the significant potential of azo/stilbene-based octupolar chromophores with an embedded 1,3,5-triazine core in optoelectronics and quantum optics applications. Molecular motions within functionalized octupolar NLO chromophore, with photosensitive chains comprising dual-constructed azo/stilbene units. All-optical switching is initiated by linearly polarized UV light and monitored using red-light laser line