4,098 research outputs found

    Surface tension induced convection in encapsulated liquid metals in microgravity: Apollo-Soyuz test project experiment no. MA-041

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    This experiment was designed to determine the extent of surface tension induced convection caused by a steplike compositional variation in a liquid metal. Preliminary results are presented

    The sexual health needs of looked after young people; findings from qualitative interviews led through public health and health psychology.

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    Background - Looked after young people (LAYP) have poorer sexual health outcomes than their peers. However, research seldom examines the health needs of, or intervenes with, this group. The aim of the current study was to identify LAYP's perceived sexual health needs and explore sources of sexual health information, knowledge levels, concerns and service preferences. Methods - Looked after young people within Fife, Scotland, were recruited through their workers and carers to participate in qualitative semi-structured interviews. Those aged 12ā€“19 years were targeted for recruitment. National Health Services ethics approval was granted. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo. Results - Interviews were conducted with 10 LAYP. Key themes included gaps in knowledge, and gaps between knowledge and behaviour. Being ā€˜looked afterā€™ may have negative consequences on knowledge, sources of support and safer sex. A flexible, one-to-one service, aimed at several lifestyle issues, not solely sexual health, was preferred by respondents. Conclusion - Looked after young people require support to bridge the gap between knowledge and behaviour and several theories relevant to the findings have been identified. Participants desired more support around a range of health issues, which may come from school, workers and carers, as well as health professionals. Further research examining effective interventions with this group is crucial to improve outcomes

    Role of science in ecosystem management

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    Roberts argues that in order to implement ecosystem management, resource management must switch its ecological perspective from an individual-and population-based focus to ecosystem-and landscape-based ecology; from an object (form) to context (function) approach; and adopt a multi-scalar modeling approach. A major role for science in EM is to predict ecosystem behavior under alternative management strategies. Wilcox, Risbrudt, Thomas, and Kessler all emphasized the critical role of a higher level of science, although Daniels pointed out that there is a risk of creating a politics of expertise. Thus participating scientists have a strong responsibility to communicate their knowledge to the public in understandable ways

    Functional consequences of cell type-restricted expression of laminin alpha-5 in mouse placental labyrinth and kidney glomerular capillaries

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    The labyrinth is the highly vascularized part of the rodent placenta that allows efficient transfer of gases, nutrients, wastes, and other molecules between the maternal and embryonic circulations. These two blood compartments are separated by blastocyst-derived trophoblasts and endothelial cells with an intervening basement membrane that contains laminin and other typical basement membrane components. Previously we reported that the labyrinth of laminin Ī±5 knockout (LMĪ±5āˆ’/āˆ’) embryos exhibits reduced vascularization and detachment of endothelial cells from the basement membrane, which normally contains LMĪ±5. As very little is known about the origin of this vascular basement membrane, we investigated the cellular requirements for LMĪ±5 expression in the mouse placental labyrinth. By fluorescence-activated cell sorting and RT-PCR we confirmed that both endothelial cells and trophoblasts normally express LMĪ±5. Using Cre-loxP technology and doxycycline-mediated gene expression, we generated genetically mosaic placentas in which either the trophoblasts or the endothelial cells, but not both, expressed LMĪ±5. We found that the overall architecture of the labyrinth was normal as long as one of these two cell types expressed LMĪ±5, even if it was transgene-derived human laminin Ī±5. These results suggest that laminin trimers containing Ī±5 that are synthesized and secreted by endothelium or by trophoblasts are capable of integrating into the basement membrane and promoting normal vascularization of the placenta. Additional studies showed that endothelium-expressed human LMĪ±5 can support vascularization of the kidney glomerulus, consistent with previous studies using a tissue grafting approach
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