Interdisciplinarity in health education: updating, successes and challenges

The advent of the concept of interdisciplinarity arose from the need to update traditional curricula in view of the complexity of health problems and the search for training professionals with a more global vision and a reflective attitude, less fragmented and biological, resulting in the correlation between the disciplines as an important tool in current healthcare education. The aim of the study is to present an update on the importance of interdisciplinarity in the curricular formation of health education and its applicability in the context of health work. A literature review was carried out in the Scielo, Lilacs and PUBMED/Medline databases, between January 2016 and April 2021 with the keywords interdisciplinarity, education and health. 77 publications related to the keywords were identified. Of these, 23 were considered relevant to the scope of the study. The publications show successful examples of the implementation of interdisciplinarity as a curricular model tool in healthcare courses and between different courses in this area (interprofessionality), cases of educational institutions that have already used it for a long time in their curricula and discuss the challenges to its implementation and its benefits to the professional egress and to the society that receives their service. It is necessary to implement interdisciplinarity in the curricula of health schools so that we can train professionals who have a more global and reflective vision for patients and society

Resistance Profile of P. aeruginosa isolates to ?-lactams antimicrobials/ Perfil de resistência da P. aeruginosa isola para ?-lactams antimicrobianos

?-lactamases are enzymes that hydrolyze the ?-lactam ring, inactivating the action of ?-lactam antibiotics. The objective of this work was to diagnose phenotypically and molecularly 14 ?-lactamase resistance genes expressed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to correlate the results found. A total of 99 samples of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected and the antibiogram was performed. Real-time PCR is being performed using the Sybr Green system to amplify the genes corresponding to the resistances found in phenotyping. Of the 99 samples, 14 were identified as phenotypically resistant to the antimicrobial Aztreonam. The blaSME, blaOXA, blaGIM genes were simultaneously found in three (21.4%) samples. According to the statistical test, when evaluating the amplification results obtained for piperacillin + tazobactam, the molecular method was more sensitive for the detection of the gene coding for multidrug resistance, presenting values of (p <0.05). This information suggests gene researches are more sensitive and specific when compared with to the antibiogram test

Analyzing a national health surveillance strategy to reduce mother-to-child transmission of syphilis: the case of Brazilian investigation committees

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relevance of investigation committees in eliminating mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Brazil. Methods: Questionnaires and interviews were conducted with health managers of 25 Brazilian Federative Units and Brazil’s Federal District. Data were analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis technique and subsequently compared with the global prescriptions for syphilis response of the Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, and recent research publications examining the course of syphilis in Brazil, in Brazilian regions, and globally. Results: While the investigation committees drew on the successful experience of those in reducing maternal mortality, which helped the country achieve the Millennium Development Goals, they are not demonstrated to be sufficient for preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. The committees’ systematic and bureaucratic agenda has not been efficient in managing avoidable factors for syphilis, nor do they operate in the scope of the integration of surveillance and care actions, as recommended by the health policy. Conclusion: The committees’ model needs to be reviewed in the context of Brazil’s National Health System. The research process should be rescaled in order to remain a cornerstone for the induction of health policy that integrates surveillance and healthcare across Brazilian Federative Units. The advancement toward an automated case management model becomes relevant for the country to meet global commitments to eliminate congenital syphilis transmission and achieve the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparison between surgical procedures and conservative treatments to reduce disability caused by low back pain - systematic review and meta-analysis / Comparação entre procedimentos cirúrgicos e tratamentos conservadores para redução de incapacidade causada pela dor lombar - revisão sistemática e metanálise

Introduction- Low back pain affects all age groups and through surgical procedures or conservative treatments, the effects caused are reduced, usually assessed by the Oswestry questionnaire. Objective-. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the decrease in disability after surgical and conservative intervention, using the Oswestry Disability Index. Methods- This is a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching the databases: PubMed, SciELO and LILACS. Articles that provided data on the Oswestry deficiency index were considered, with a randomized methodology after surgical and conservative intervention in low back pain at 12 and 24 months of intervention. After tabulation of the data according to the PRISMA protocol, the test was performed to determine the difference between the means. Statistical analyzes were performed using the STATA® 16.0 software. Results- There was an average reduction of 15 points in the Oswestry questionnaire, after conservative treatment in 12 months and after 24 months, the average reduction was approximately 12 points. Surgical intervention, when compared to therapy, was superior with an average difference of approximately 15 points after 12 months and an average difference of 15 points after 24 months. Conclusion- The approach chosen despite the results needs to be assessed according to the condition of each patient. Surgical treatment, even with better results, presents risks of surgical complications that cannot be omitted. In conservative treatment, it is necessary to check the patient's response to treatment, so as not to prolong the individual's time of disability and pain

Interventions of Brazil's more doctors program through continuing education for Primary Health Care

IntroductionBrazil's More Doctors Program, in its training axis, aims to improve medical training for Primary Health Care through interventions related to the reality of the territory. The research presented here analyzed the interventions implemented by Brazil's More Doctors Program physicians, members of the Family Health Continuing Education Program, and the relationship with Primary Health Care programmatic actions.MethodologyThe research conducted made use of Text and Data Mining and content analysis. In total, 2,159 reports of interventions from 942 final papers were analyzed. The analysis process was composed of the formation of the corpus; exploration of the materials through text mining; and analysis of the results by inference and interpretation.ResultsIt was observed that 57% of the physicians worked in the Northeast Region, which was also the region with the most interventions (66.8%). From the analysis of the bigrams, trigrams, and quadrigrams, four constructs were formed: “women's health,” “child health,” “chronic non-communicable diseases,” and “mental health.” Terms related to improving access, quality of care, teamwork, and reception were also present among the N-grams.DiscussionThe interventions carried out are under the programmatic actions recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health for Primary Health Care, also addressing cross-cutting aspects such as Reception, Teamwork, Access Improvement, and Quality of Care, which suggests that the training experience in the Family Health Continuing Education Program reflects on the way these professionals act

Research training profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and follow-up of the educational routine

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-07-16T11:25:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adailton Pereira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 2470326 bytes, checksum: b19858377cb05cc2abd767e4560cd12a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno ([email protected]) on 2018-07-17T13:12:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adailton Pereira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 2470326 bytes, checksum: b19858377cb05cc2abd767e4560cd12a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T13:12:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adailton Pereira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 2470326 bytes, checksum: b19858377cb05cc2abd767e4560cd12a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-29β-lactamases are enzymes that hydrolyze the β-lactam ring, inactivating the action of β-lactam antibiotics. The objective of this work was to diagnose phenotypically and molecularly 14 β- lactamase resistance genes expressed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to correlate the results found. A total of 99 samples of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected and the antibiogram was performed. Real-time PCR is being performed using the Sybr Green system to amplify the genes corresponding to the resistances found in phenotyping. Three/14 (21.4%) genes blaSME, blaOXA, blaGIM were found simultaneously in three samples. According to the statistical test, when evaluating the amplification results obtained for PPT, the molecular method was more sensitive for the detection of the gene coding for multidrug resistance, presenting values of (p <0.05). This information suggests that gene research is more sensitive and specific compared to the antibiogram.As β-lactamases são enzimas que hidrolisam o anel β-lactâmico, inativando a ação de antibióticos β-lactâmicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi diagnosticar fenotipicamente e molecularmente 14 genes de resistência à β-lactamases expressos em Pseudomonas aeruginosa e correlacionar os resultados encontrados. Um total de 99 amostras de Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi selecionado e o antibiograma foi realizado. A PCR em tempo real foi realizada usando o sistema Sybr Green para amplificar os genes correspondentes às resistências encontradas na fenotipagem. Das 99 amostras, 14 foram identificadas como fenotipicamente resistentes ao ATM antimicrobiano. Três/14 (21,4%) genes blaSME, blaOXA, blaGIM foram encontrados simultaneamente em três amostras. De acordo com o teste estatístico, ao avaliar os resultados de amplificação obtidos para o PPT, o método molecular foi ma s sensível para a detecção do gene que codifica a resistência a múltiplos fármacos, apresentando valores de (p <0,05). Esta informação sugere que a pesquisa genética é mais sensível e específica em comparação com o antibiograma

Evaluation of Water Quality of Buritis Lake

The implementation of natural parks in cities is a current and controversial theme. Therefore, in Lake Buritis, which is a leisure area for the population of the city of Goiatuba, Goi&aacute;s, Brazil, the quality of the water was analyzed, carrying out quantitative tests of the water samples at six different points between the source and the outlet of the lake that flows into the stream, Chico &Agrave; Toa. Physical&ndash;chemical tests (turbidity, pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, color, nitrate and hardness parameters), microbiological tests for species identification, analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, metals analysis and Allium cepa test, were performed. The total coliforms number in water samples was higher than the maximum value established by Brazilian legislation, demonstrating high fecal contamination during the spring in samples from an artesian well. The bacterial diversity found was large and there were many pathogenic bacteria. The A. cepa test demonstrated a cytotoxic potential for water from the source and outlet of Buritis Lake. Statistical tests were applied to verify existing correlations between parameters. Among the analyzed data, the highest correlation was between the color and turbidity parameters and the grouping between the metals (lead, iron, cadmium and magnesium)

Evaluation of Water Quality of Buritis Lake

The implementation of natural parks in cities is a current and controversial theme. Therefore, in Lake Buritis, which is a leisure area for the population of the city of Goiatuba, Goiás, Brazil, the quality of the water was analyzed, carrying out quantitative tests of the water samples at six different points between the source and the outlet of the lake that flows into the stream, Chico À Toa. Physical–chemical tests (turbidity, pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, color, nitrate and hardness parameters), microbiological tests for species identification, analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, metals analysis and Allium cepa test, were performed. The total coliforms number in water samples was higher than the maximum value established by Brazilian legislation, demonstrating high fecal contamination during the spring in samples from an artesian well. The bacterial diversity found was large and there were many pathogenic bacteria. The A. cepa test demonstrated a cytotoxic potential for water from the source and outlet of Buritis Lake. Statistical tests were applied to verify existing correlations between parameters. Among the analyzed data, the highest correlation was between the color and turbidity parameters and the grouping between the metals (lead, iron, cadmium and magnesium)