Analisa Kegagalan pada Produk Replacable Lip dan Pengaruh Deoksidasi Aluminium pada Baja Cor Tahan Panas SCH22

Replaceable Lip merupakan salah satu komponen habis pakai dengan material Baja Cor Tahan Panas Stainless Steel (Heat Resistant Stainless Steel Casting ) SCH 22. Produk tersebut dibuat di Polman khususnya di Jurusan Teknik Pengecoran Logam, namun masih ada kendala dalam proses pembuatannya. Masalah yang terjadi pada Replaceable lip ini adalah adanya cacat coran berupa porositas atau inklusi dibawah permukaan tuangan. Cacat tersebut dapat diketahui dari permukaan luarnya setelah dilakukan proses permesinan. Umumnya, porositas dalam produk coran disebabkan oleh gas yang terjebak atau akibat dari penyusutan cairan ketika membeku. Selama ini porositas dicegah dengan proses degassing konvensional dengan Aluminium, tetapi belum memberikan hasil yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan mengatasi kegagalan/ cacat cor yang terjadi pada produk cor Replaceable lip serta mengembangkan material Baja Cor Tahan Panas SCH22 terhadap kualitas produk yang bebas porositas. Manfaat dari penelitian yaitu tercapainya optimalisasi proses degasing dalam penyelesaian masalah cacat, dan prototip produk yang dapat digunakan secara langsung bagi industri pengguna. Metode yang akan dilakukan yaitu dengan membuat spesimen berupa sampel uji dan sampel produk dengan proses pengecoran logam, kontrol parameter proses metalurgi dengan variasi degasing Al dari 0,1% sd 0,4%, dan Temperatur cor yang tetap sekitar 1450 sd 1550oC. Dari kedua sampel dilakukan pengamatan terhadap porositas, kekuatan mekanik dan struktur mikro, untuk melihat pengaruh dari degasing Aluminium

Android-Based RCSM Application for Implementation of Preventive Maintenance on CNC Production Machine

Preventive maintenance (PM) implementation at POLMAN Bandung is scheduled to follow the lecture schedule so that the implementation of activities does not interfere with the lecture process. Even though the scheduling of preventive maintenance activities at POLMAN Bandung has been made quite well, there are problems in its implementation, including some activities that were not detected in the previous PM implementation, both in the form of activity reports and machine history updates. This can confuse subsequent pm implementers, as it can result in mishandling. As for the cause of the problem, there are two possibilities, namely the implementation of preventive maintenance is not carried out or the implementation of preventive maintenance has been carried out, but reports on the implementation of activities are not prepared and stored by procedures (human error). To overcome this, the researchers developed an Android-based application that functions as a reminder, recorder, and controller, for the pm process, named Reminder & Control System Management (RCSM). RCSM will remind, the implementers, to be on schedule, carry out a remind mechanisms, and information broadcast and validation until the completion of preventive maintenance activities is acceptable to the relevant authorities. Likewise, for reporting and recording engine history a system will be created with a similar mechanism. The results that have been achieved are the application software prototype reaching 100% and several field trials have been carried out. This application can direct pm implementers to avoid misuse of pm implementation procedures so that preventive maintenance implementation data can be recapitulated

Tingkat Pendapatan Curahan Tenaga Kerja pada Hutan Rakyat di Kabupaten Ciamis

Tenaga kerja pada usaha hutan rakyat belum diperhitungkan sebagai faktor produksi yang penting sehingga menyebabkan pendapatan dari hutan rakyat kurang optimal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pendapatan dan alokasi tenaga kerja pada pengelolaan hutan rakyat serta hubungannya dengan karakter petani. Data dikumpulkan selama bulan Mei sampai Juli 2010 di Desa Ciomas, Desa Kalijaya, dan Desa Kertaharja melalui wawancara pada 60 petani yang dipilih secara sengaja. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisa menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan rata-rata luas pemilikan hutan, usaha hutan rakyat menyumbangkan pendapatan pada petani di Desa Ciomas, Kalijaya, dan Kertaharja Kabupaten Ciamis berturut-turut sebesar Rp 6.641.783,-/th; Rp 8.029.358,-/th, dan Rp 6.302.431,-/th. Mayoritas tenaga kerja di Desa Kalijaya dan Desa Ciomas Kabupaten Ciamis dialokasikan untuk mengelola hutan rakyat yaitu sebesar 104,77 HKP/ha/th dan 216,93 HKP/ha/th, sedangkan alokasi tenaga kerja di Desa Kertaharja sebesar 210,05 HKP/ha/th. Potensi penyerapan tenaga kerja pada sektor pertanian di Kabupaten Ciamis tergolong tinggi, yakni lebih dari 75%. Dalam hubungannya dengan alokasi tenaga kerja, secara umum usia petani mempunyai korelasi positif sedangkan luas lahan mempunyai korelasi negatif.Kata kunci: potensi serapan, alokasi tenaga kerja, pendapatan, hari kerja pria (HKP), luas lahan. Incomes and labor allocation in community forests in Ciamis RegencyAbstractLabor for private forest business has not been considered as an important production factor, which it makes the incomes from the private forests is unfavourable. The research was carried out to find out the incomes and labor allocation on private forests management as well as their correlation to farmer characteristics. Data were collected during May to July 2010 at Ciomas, Kalijaya and Kertaharja villages by interviewing sixty purposively selected farmers. Data were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative description. The results revealed that on the basis of land width ownership, the business earned an income to the farmers in Ciomas, Kalijaya and Kertaharja villages of Ciamis district were 6,641,783 IDR/year; 8,029,358 IDR/year, and 6,302,431 IDR/year, respectively. The labors in Kalijaya and Ciomas villages of Ciamis district were mostly allocated to manage private forests i.e. 104.77 MDW/ha/year and 216.93 MDW/ha/year respectively as labors allocation in Kertaharja village were 210.05 MDW/ha/year. The potency of labor absorption level on agriculture sectors in Ciamis district defined as high, which was more than 75 percent. In relation to labor allocation, generally, ages of farmers had positive correlation while the land width had negative ones.

Tellurium Effect on ASTM A 220 Graphite Malleable Cast Iron

The result of investigation of tellurium malleable cast iron are presented in the paper. Various small quantity of tellurium are added in the ladle before pouring molten metal. The main aim of investigation was determination of the influence composition of tellurium on graphite microstructure and mechanical properties. In addition, the final mechanical property of composition determined by hardness measurements. The favourable influence of the addition of tellurium into malleable cast iron molten metal on the tested properties after annealing as well as an percentation of graphite structure from 2% up to 6.5% and  increase hardness from 38 HRc up to 43 HR

Pola tanam dan pendapatan petani hutan rakyat di region atas Kabupaten Ciamis

This study aims to identify the forms of planting pattern developed by farmers in the upper region, business feasibility, the revenue contribution, and to provide some prospective choices of planting pattern that bring high revenue. The study was conducted in May until July 2010 in Ciomas Village, Panjalu District. Data was collected through interviews with using questionnaire, field observation and compilation of related documents. Respondents were selected purposively of twenty agroforestry farmers. The business feasibility was evaluated by using financial analysis, whereas to determine the revenue contribution from household was evaluated by calculating all of the income resources. The result is (1) the prospective planting pattern on land >1ha is planting pattern number 2 with IRR of 38.01 (wood + plantation + fruit + drugs + food), (2) on land between 0.5 to 1ha is planting pattern number 1 with IRR of 47.18 (wood + plantation + fruit + drugs), (3) on land <0.5 ha is planting pattern number 3 with IRR of 32.47 (wood + fruit + drug). The sequences of planting pattern which have the highest revenue to the smallest revenue contribution in a row are the planting pattern number 1 for 33.30%, number 3 for 28.09%, and number 2 for 25.22%. If all farmers in the upper region adopt planting patterns number 1, then the average revenue from private forest will increase to IDR 2,578,389 /ha to IDR 11,990,834 /ha

PENGARUH WAKTU AUSTENITISASI PADA PROSES PELARUTAN KARBIDA BAJA MANGAN AUSTENITIK

Austenitic manganese steel is used for components which need good wear resistance and impact resistance. The application examples of austenitic manganese steel castings are in the mining industries such as rock crusher and dredge buckets, and in transportation industry, this material was used in railroad track work such as frog. However as-cast austenitic manganese steel is brittle with low toughness due to the presence of carbides. Hence, the as-cast austenitic manganese steel should be solution treated to dissolve the carbides into austenite phase, to improve its mechanical properties. Additionally, this research is enriched by using thickness parameter, to understand the influence of the dimension. The chemical composition in the casting process is in accordance with ASTM A 128 grade A. The solution treatment processes was done using a step heating procedure at temperature 575oC and 1050oC and determined heating time. Heating temperatures were determined based on Fe-Mn-C phase diagram and by the previous researches. Holding time was determined based on the literature, and heat transfer simulation result. The effects of the solution treatment were observed in the microstructure, grain size, and hardness of the specimens to obtain the optimal solution treatment that can be used. The objective of this research is to find the suitable heat treatment method in order to produce the desirable material properties and in this case, 160HB was obtained

Analyze the effect of phosphorus on the mechanical properties and microstructure on cast iron

Cast Iron FC250 with phosphorus alloy is used as electrode connector in the aluminum electrolysis process at PT. Indonesia Asahan Aluminium (Inalum), that is used to connect the rod with carbon anode. It will be crushed after the carbon anode dimension is reduced, that takes approximately 30 days. In order to make crushing process easier, phosphorus alloy then added into such FC250. The objective of the study is determining phosphorus effect on FC 250. The methodology consists of determine the test specimens, initiate such specimen of casting by varying the amount of phosphorus percentage of 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 0.9%, then perform mechanical testing and microstructure observation on each specimen. The result is, as the percentage of phosphorus in FC 250 increased, so its hardness value whereas the value of the tensile strength even decreased. Form the microstructure point of view, the “steadit” increased as well in line with the rise of phosphorus

Analyze the effect of phosphorus on the mechanical properties and microstructure on cast iron

Cast Iron FC250 with phosphorus alloy is used as electrode connector in the aluminum electrolysis process at PT. Indonesia Asahan Aluminium (Inalum), that is used to connect the rod with carbon anode. It will be crushed after the carbon anode dimension is reduced, that takes approximately 30 days. In order to make crushing process easier, phosphorus alloy then added into such FC250. The objective of the study is determining phosphorus effect on FC 250. The methodology consists of determine the test specimens, initiate such specimen of casting by varying the amount of phosphorus percentage of 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 0.9%, then perform mechanical testing and microstructure observation on each specimen. The result is, as the percentage of phosphorus in FC 250 increased, so its hardness value whereas the value of the tensile strength even decreased. Form the microstructure point of view, the “steadit” increased as well in line with the rise of phosphorus

Strategi on Releasing Non-productive of Forest Conversion Area for Tora Program in Riau Province

Development process needs lands as natural resources. Unfortunately, availability of land is relatively limited. Therefore, it needs releasing process of forestland to become non forestland. In the process of releasing the forestland, there are some policies which need stakeholders to consider so the minimum required forestland of 30% is fulfilled. Releasing forestland area is possible to undertake on non-productive forest conversion area which is also for the government agrarian reform programs which is called Nawacita. The objective of this research is tooffer answer about the indicative forestland which can be used for development needs, particularly for poor people who live near the forest. The results indicate that non-productive of conversion forest can provide land for development in Riau Province for about 205,847.86 hectares (93.01%) from the total conversion forest area based on agrarian reform program. Permanent forested land which needs to be maintained as forest area is 1,102.42 hectares, because most of the area are still primary forests. For the effectiveness of releasing conversion forest area, socialization programs to inform the community is needed

Strategi on Releasing Non-productive of Forest Conversion Area for Tora Program in Riau Province

Development process needs lands as natural resources. Unfortunately, availability of land is relatively limited. Therefore, it needs releasing process of forestland to become non forestland. In the process of releasing the forestland, there are some policies which need stakeholders to consider so the minimum required forestland of 30% is fulfilled. Releasing forestland area is possible to undertake on non-productive forest conversion area which is also for the government agrarian reform programs which is called Nawacita. The objective of this research is tooffer answer about the indicative forestland which can be used for development needs, particularly for poor people who live near the forest. The results indicate that non-productive of conversion forest can provide land for development in Riau Province for about 205,847.86 hectares (93.01%) from the total conversion forest area based on agrarian reform program. Permanent forested land which needs to be maintained as forest area is 1,102.42 hectares, because most of the area are still primary forests. For the effectiveness of releasing conversion forest area, socialization programs to inform the community is needed