First protein affinity application of Cu2+-bound pure inorganic nanoflowers

Today, a new kind of materials is introduced to separation media day by day to increase the efficiency of the separation processes, and multiple-petalled nanostructured materials are one of them. In this study, new pure inorganic copper phosphate nanoflowers (pCP-NFs) were synthesized, and some environmental conditions affecting on binding mechanism with human serum albumin were evaluated via changing medium pH, temperature, initial human serum albumin (HSA) amount and salt concentrations. Before experimental studies, pCP-NFs were subjected to some characterization tests such as scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Besides a lot of valuable instrumental data, some obtained experimental ones as follows: after Cu2+ ions attachment to pCP-NFs as ligand, maximum HSA adsorption capacity of obtained Cu2+-pCP-NFs was found as 225.7 mg/g with an initial concentration of 1.5 mg/mL at pH 7 and 25 degrees C. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations were evaluated for determination of appropriate adsorption model in interaction, and Langmuir model found as the fittest one with a R-2 of 0.9949 was also reviewed to determine Gibbs free energy between HSA and Cu2+-pCP-NFs interaction

Differences between Cu- and Fe-Cu nanoflowers in their interactions with fluorescent probes ANS and Fura-2 and proteins albumin and thrombin

Among nanomaterials, we can now distinguish a special class called nanoflowers (NFs). These new nanostructures have aroused the interest of scientists due to the topographic features of nanolayers, the special location which allows a higher surface-to-volume ratio compared to classical spherical nanoparticles, thereby significantly increasing the efficiency of surface reactions for nanoflowers. The main value of nanoflowers is their action as enzyme stabilizers. A protein stability is usually enhanced by immobilization on a nanoflower surface through charge affinity and covalent bonds. The possibility of their use in vivo in biocatalysis, biosensors and medicine has been also investigated. We now report on the synthesis of two different nanoflowers: Cu nanoflowers and Fe3+ attached Cu nanoflowers and their interaction with two fluorescent probes, anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and Fura 2, and two proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and thrombin. Nanoflowers did not bind ANS, but bind efficiently to Fura 2 and both proteins. Modification of Cu-NFs by Fe3+ leads to significant changes in their binding capacity to fluorescent probe Fura 2 and both proteins. Their ability to bind fluorescent probe Fura 2 increased eightfold, and their ability to bind HSA and thrombin increased five times. Regarding Fe3+-Cu-NFs, a difference in binding between HSA and thrombin was found that can be explained by their structural features. Our data indicate the possibility of using studied nanoflowers for sorption of fluorescent probes and proteins

Hybrid metal-organic nanoflowers and their application in biotechnology and medicine

Nanoflowers - new nanostructures - have aroused the interest of scientists due to the topographic features of nanolayers, the special location of which allows a higher surface-to-volume ratio compared to classic spherical nanoparticles, which significantly increases the efficiency of surface reactions for nanoflowers. The main purpose of these types of nanomaterials is their use as enzyme stabilizers. To facilitate the functioning of enzymes under different conditions, organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials have been developed, the name of which indicates that all components of inorganic nanoparticles are associated with organic materials. These nanoparticles have many promising applications in catalysis, as biosensors, and for drug delivery. Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers have led to the development of a new branch of chemistry - the chemistry of hybrid nanomaterials - in which research is rapidly developing. Thus, studying organic-inorganic hybrid nanocrystals can lead to creative new solutions in the field of chemistry of enzyme systems and the rapid development of bionanomaterials and new biotechnology industries. Present review focuses on wide biomedical applications of nanoflowers including biocatalysis, detection of substances, electrochemical biosensors based on nanoflowers, photosensitizers, drug and gene carriers and detection of various diseases, photothermal and other treatments. It will be interesting for wide range of scientists focusing in topic of new kinds of nanoparticles

Pathophysiology of Circulating Biomarkers and Relationship With Vascular Aging: A Review of the Literature From VascAgeNet Group on Circulating Biomarkers, European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action 18216

Impairment of the arteries is a product of sustained exposure to various deleterious factors and progresses with time; a phenomenon inherent to vascular aging. Oxidative stress, inflammation, the accumulation of harmful agents in high cardiovascular risk conditions, changes to the extracellular matrix, and/or alterations of the epigenetic modification of molecules, are all vital pathophysiological processes proven to contribute to vascular aging, and also lead to changes in levels of associated circulating molecules. Many of these molecules are consequently recognized as markers of vascular impairment and accelerated vascular aging in clinical and research settings, however, for these molecules to be classified as biomarkers of vascular aging, further criteria must be met. In this paper, we conducted a scoping literature review identifying thirty of the most important, and eight less important, biomarkers of vascular aging. Herein, we overview a selection of the most important molecules connected with the above-mentioned pathological conditions and study their usefulness as circulating biomarkers of vascular aging