Women’s Fashion Consumption in Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the influence of the sociocultural factors affecting the fashion and clothing consumption of Saudi women. It is a multidisciplinary study that combines fashion and consumer behaviour approaches in order to define and explain the collective sociocultural norms that underlie the patterns of women’s fashion and clothing consumption in Saudi Arabia. It applies a mixed-method approach as a strategy for data collection, with primary data gathered through observation, a face-to-face questionnaire completed by 654 respondents and interviews with local retailers and experts in the fashion market. The analysis of the empirical data revealed significant findings related to consumption patterns and the characteristics of the local market. It identified that there are two main systems that define fashion consumption in female Saudi society. Each system operates in a different social setting (public and female-only social settings) that requires communicating or establishing a specific value or a set of values to meet social expectations. The research findings also indicate the structure of the market and its operational system used to respond to consumer demands. In the light of these findings, theoretical models were developed to define the particularities of fashion consumption in Saudi Arabia as outcomes of this study. This study could have a substantial influence in academia as it provides a broader insight into fashion consumption behaviour in Saudi Arabia compared to that available in the existing literature. It could also help retailers and investors to understand the particularities of Saudi women’s fashion consumption in more depth. This understanding could be applied to develop strategies to meet Saudi women’s fashion demands.Saudi Cultural Burea

Effect of Heat Transfer on the Growing Bubble with the Nanoparticles/Water Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow

This paper is devoted to study the effect of heat transfer on the temperature distribution in a superheated liquid during the growth of vapour bubbles immersed in different types of nanoparticles/water nanofluids between two-phase turbulent flow. The mathematical model is formulated and solved analytically depending on Scriven’s theory and using the modification of the method of the similarity parameters between two finite boundaries. The characteristics of vapour bubble growth and temperature distribution are obtained by using the thermo-physical properties of nanoparticles nanofluids. The results indicate that the nanoparticle volume concentration reduces the bubble growth process under the effect of heat transfer. The better agreements are achieved, for bubble dynamics in turbulent nanofluid using the appropriate numerical and theoretical data for the values of concentration rate of nanoparticles χ=0,0.2,0.4. The temperature distribution surrounding the regime of bubble growth in pure water is more intensive than in other cases of Al2O3/H2O, Fe3O4/H2O and CuO/H2O nanofluids in turbulent flow. A Comparison of the current solution with previous works is carried out and discussed. © 2021. All Rights Reserved

Effect of bubble-bubble interaction in Cu−Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluids during multibubble growth process

This paper scrutinizes the nonlinear multibubble model with considering bubble-bubble (BB) interaction in Cu−Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid over the vapour bubble radius in Newtonian mediums. Firstly, we present the derivation of the extended Rayleigh-Plesset (ERP) equation of multibubble under the effect of BB interaction in hybrid nanofluids based on the Navier-Stokes equation. The model is formulated by the continuity equation, the ERP in the hybrid nanofluids and the relations of thermophysical features in mono and hybrid nanofluids. The ERP equation is transformed into an ordinary differential equation using the non-dimensions variables methodology, which is then solved analytically using the modified Plesset-Zwick method. In addition, the current model presents the influence of BB interactions on growth process of multibubble in Cu−Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluids. As a result, the impact of increasing of the number of bubbles “n” and BB interactions in a hybrid nanofluid, at n=1,2,3 on the growth process are investigated. Moreover, it is found that the growth process of multibubble dynamics in hybrid nanofluid increases when the distance between BB interaction and volume concentration decrease. The growth of multibubble dynamics in Cu−Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid is less than in the cases of water-base fluid and Al2O3/water nanofluids. Additionally, vapour bubble radii in the current study give a good agreement and lower behavior if compared with the prior investigations. © 202

INVESTIGATION THE PRESSURE RELAXATION TIME OF N-DIMENSIONAL SPHERICAL BUBBLE WITHIN Fe3O4- NANOFLUID

The pressure relaxation time[1-3] is a method of evaluation of a time constant that de-scribes relaxation heat exchange between vapour bubble and superheated liquid at saturation temperature and a non-steady temperature field

Analysis of doublet bubble dynamics near a rigid wall in ferroparticle nanofluids

This study aims to characterize the interaction of doublet bubbles growing near a solid wall in ferroparticle nanofluids. Accordingly, we analyzed the behavior of spherical bubbles near a rigid wall considering liquid compressibility of suspended ferro-nanoparticles. In addition to the interaction effect between two bubbles, we considered the rigid wall forces and thermophysical configurations of the particles in nanofluids to understand the bubble growth. The equation of motion of the doublet bubbles was formulated based on the continuity equation, Euler equation, wave equation, and thermophysical configurations of the particles in nanofluids. Subsequently, the developed model was analytically solved by modifying the Plesset-Zwick technique. Throughout the bubble growth, we examined the thermal effects on the cavitation bubble dynamics, such as the distance between the interacting bubbles, vertical distance between the bubble center and rigid wall, and ferro-nanoparticle volume concentration. The analysis results revealed that the bubble growth was directly proportional to the Jacob number and thermal diffusivity, and inversely proportional to the distance between the boundary rigid wall and bubble center. Furthermore, it can be deduced from the results that the presence of the wall significantly influenced the bubble growth and made a significant deviation between the moving velocities of the interfaces both near and far from the wall. Ultimately, the phenomenon was physically interpreted based on the theory of bubble dynamics, and the water pressure induced by the bubble growth was estimated. The results were well aligned with the theoretical and experimental results from previous studies. © 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN: 18K03942We would like to thank referees for their valuable comments and suggestions, and Editage ( www.editage.com ) for English language editing. Further, this work was partially carried out with the aid of the JSPS KAKENHI ( 18K03942 )

Study of the Biotissue Histotripsy Based on Microbubble Dynamics in Hydrogels

Biotissue histotripsy is a technique that uses sound waves to create cavitation in tissue. High-intensity ultrasonic waves perform the production of small vacuum microbubbles or microcavities in the liquid during the low-pressure cycle

THE (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL COUPLED CUBIC-QUINTIC COMPLEX GINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATIONS IN BINARY FLUID CONVECTION AND SOLITARY WAVE SOLUTIONS

Many features of binary fluid thermal convection can be modeled by the coupled cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equations(CC-QGLEs) including complex physical coef-ficients

“It’s a silver lining”: A template analysis of satisfaction and quality of life following post-mastectomy breast reconstruction

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version.Objective: In the United Kingdom, the number of women electing to undergo post-mastectomy breast reconstruction is increasing. As a consequence exploring patient-reported outcomes in breast surgery has become increasingly important. This study aims to explore satisfaction and quality of life following post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. Design: Qualitative research design. Methods: In-depth, semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 25 women, (Age, M= 53.08, SD=8.41) following breast reconstruction in the United Kingdom. Data were analysed using template analysis which produced three first-level, 13 second-level and 19 third-level themes. Results: Following reconstruction women reported improved emotional functioning, although this was often accompanied with deterioration in physical, sexual and/or social functioning. Women positively appraised their breast appearance, although some reported a decline in satisfaction over time and attributed this decline to their chosen reconstructive technique. Many women accepted the inevitability of scarring and most perceived their scars as a representation of their journey, signifying survival. Generally women were satisfied with the outcome of their reconstruction, although on reflection some would not have opted for reconstruction. Following breast reconstruction women were increasingly likely to experience the fear of recurrence, attributed to no longer being able to have a mammogram on the affected breast(s). Conclusions: This study provides new insights into post-mastectomy breast reconstruction and is a novel application of the qualitative data analysis method, template analysis. Template analysis demonstrates only slight variation in some categories of experience among women, despite a heterogeneous sample. The findings allow researchers and clinicians to focus on specific dimensions of satisfaction and quality of life to positively support the needs of women following reconstructio

The Growth of Vapour Bubble between two-Phase Peristaltic Bubbly Flow inside a Vertical Cylindrical Tube

The behavior of vapour bubble in superheated liquid in a vertical cylindrical tube between two-phase flow densities is discussed under the effect of peristaltic motion of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The mathematical model is formulated by mass, momentum, and heat equations. The problem solved analytically to estimate the growth of vapour bubbles, temperature and velocity distributions. The growth of vapour bubbles, temperature and velocity distribution proportional with the amplitude ratio, Grashof number, heat source parameter, volume rate, and inversely with density fraction. The present results of bubble growth performed lower values than that obtained by Mohammadein model (2001)