Editorial: Advances in Head and Neck Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Diplomatic Immunity between Islam and International Law: Comparative Study

The research deals with the diplomatic immunity in Islam, which give the political delegate some diplomatic privileges where he can do his duties in other countries that he represent his country in, without any constriction, or fear of his life, wealth, assistances, and his residence. There are some contemporary claims that Islam did not know anything about diplomatic immunity, and it is new in the international law, this claim is totally wrong, the Muslims knew about diplomatic immunity since the establishment of Islamic state at the time of the prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The text from the Qur’an and the Sunnah and the practice of the prophet Muhammad (PBUH), his companions, and their successors shows that they dealt with diplomatic immunity, even though they did not use the same expression, but they used the terms: Messenger, protection of the envoy, the rights and obligation of the envoy, and other terms which refer to the same meaning as diplomatic immunity in the Islamic Fiqh books. The reader will notice that the Islamic jurprudiance is the precedent of all other laws in establishment the foundational and the principles of diplomatic immunity. And what the international law reached will not reach the Islamic law, which gave the political delegate full protection for his/her life, wealth, assistances, and gave him/her good hospitality during their precede

Design of a seed extractor using the physical and mechanical properties of cucumber fruits

AbstractThe aim of this investigation is to study some physical and mechanical properties of cucumber fruits to help the design of handling machines for seed production. The physical and mechanical properties of cucumber fruits are used to develop of a seed-extractor.The main results in this study can be summarized as follows:Physical properties of cucumber fruits: fruit diameter = 50 -  68, 60 - 76 and 56  - 75 mm, fruit length = 169 – 291, 230 – 315 and 180 – 295 mm, fruit mass = 210 – 540, 235 – 595 and 290 – 585 g/ fruit, number of seeds per fruit in = 350 – 580, 410 – 590 and 355 – 560, bulk density = 1.37, 1.30 and 1.40 g/cm3  and real density =   0.49, 0.44 and 0.45 g/cm3 for  “Beta-alpha”, “Hayel” and “Bahi” varieties respectively, bulb mass per fruit = 250 – 550 g/fruit, seed mass per fruit= 15 – 40 g/fruit, rind thickness = 7 – 10 mm and fruit volume = 200 – 500 cm3 for all tested varieties, .Mechanical properties of cucumber fruits: penetration forces = 39.2 – 42.5, N, firmness = 90.1 99.1 100.9 N/cm2 and axial shear-force = 41.5 - 43 N for tested “Beta-alpha”, “Hayel” and “Bahi” varieties.The physical and mechanical properties are used to design of a seed-extractor is given also in this paper

Degraded Visual Environment Tracker

Compressive Sensing (CS) has proven its ability to reduce the number of measurements required to reproduce images with similar quality to those reconstructed by observing the Shannon-Nyquest sampling criteria. By exploiting spatial redundancies, it was shown that CS can be used to denoise and enhance image quality. In this thesis we propose a method that incorporates an efficient use of CS to locate a specific object in zero-visibility environments. This method was developed after multiple implementations of dictionary learning, reconstruction, detection, and tracking algorithms in order to identify the shortcomings of existing techniques and enhance our results. We show that with the use of an over-complete dictionary of the target our technique can perceive the location of the target from hidden information in the scene. This thesis will summarize the previously implemented algorithms, detail the shortcomings evident in their outputs, explain our setups, and present quantified results to support its efficacy in the results section

Toxic Leadership: Conflict Management Style and Organizational Commitment among Intensive Care Nursing Staff

Context: Toxic leadership becomes a real problem in nursing administration. Its toxicity harms the nursing staff's progress and creates a challenging work environment full of struggles that, in turn, produce adverse outcomes on the nursing staff's commitment toward the organization.Aim: This study envisioned to compare toxic leadership among intensive care nursing staff at Tanta University Hospital and El Menshawy hospital and assess its relation to their conflict management style used and organizational commitment at the two hospitals. Methods: A descriptive, comparative, via cross-sectional research design was applied. All intensive care units at Tanta University Hospitals and El-Menshawy General Hospital were included. All available nurses (n=544) at Tanta University hospitals' ICUs (n=301) and El-Menshawy hospital's ICUs (n=243) were incorporated. Toxic leadership, conflict management styles assessment, and organizational commitment scales were utilized to achieve this study's aim. Results: The nursing staff perceived that their leaders had high 10.6%, 11.5%, and moderate 12%, 11.9% overall toxic leadership levels at Tanta University Hospitals, and Elmenshawy Hospital, respectively. 43.9% of the nursing staff had a high level of using compromising style to manage conflict with their supervisors at Tanta University hospitals contrasted to 36.6% using competing style at El Menshawy hospital. 78.4% of the nursing staff had a low level of overall organizational commitment at Tanta University hospital's ICUs compared to 63% at El-Menshawy General hospital's ICUs. Conclusion: Toxic leadership affected the nursing staff's choice of conflict management style used when handling conflict with toxic leaders at two hospitals and had a negative effect on affective and normative dimensions of organizational commitment in both hospitals. Therefore, improving leadership experiences is necessary by conducting a leadership development program to meet the nursing staff's expectations and improve their commitment. Also, adjusting the hospital's policies is vital to permit nursing staff involvement in leadership evaluation as a means for early detection of leaders' toxic behaviors

Digital pathology for the identification of prognostic biomarkers in head and neck cancer

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway : A therapeutic strategy in COVID-19 patients

Funding This work was supported by Friends of ANCHOR pilot research award [grant number RS 2019 004, 2020-2021]Peer reviewedPostprin

Distraction-related road traffic collisions

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively study distraction-related road traffic collision injuries, their contributory factors, severity, and outcome.Methods: Data were prospectively collected on all hospitalized road traffic collision trauma patients in Al-Ain City who were drivers at the collision time over one and half years. Driver’s inattentive behaviors preceding the collision were collected by interviewing the admitted drivers.Results: There were 444 drivers, 330 of them were fully oriented patients, out of them only 44 (13%) were distracted. Nineteen (5.8%) drivers were distracted by using mobile phones, 12 (3.6%) were pre-occupied with deep thinking, six (1.8%) were talking with other passengers, four (1.2%) were picking things in the vehicle, and three (0.9%) were using entertainment systems. The maximum distraction occurred during the time of 6 am - 12 noon when the traffic was crowded. There were no significant differences between distracted and non-distracted drivers in demographical and physiological factors, injured regions, and outcomes.Conclusion: Distraction of alert drivers causes 13% of road traffic collisions in Al-Ain city. About 40 percent of the distracted drivers involved in road traffic collisions (RTC) were using mobile phones. Our study supports the ban of use of cell phones while driving.Keywords: Distraction, prevention, road traffic collision, mobile phon

Congenital hearing loss. Is CT enough?

The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of high resolution CT scan (HRCT) in diagnosis and management of congenital hearing loss.Patients and methods: This is a prospective study including 60 patients, 24 males and 36 females aged from 1 to 7 years, who were presented by unilateral or bilateral congenital conductive (CHL) or/and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). All patients were evaluated by HRCT scan withpost-processing multiplanar reconstruction (MPR). Only three Results: External auditory canal atresia (EACA) was diagnosed in 10 patients, while both EACA and middle  r anomalies were diagnosed in another 6 patients. Variable inner ear anomalies were diagnosed in the patients with SNHL. One patient with SNHL had cochlear nerve aplasia that was missed by HRCT and was diagnosed by MRI, in addition to the CT diagnosed  vestibulocochlear anomalies.Conclusion: Although HRCT scan can be used as a solitary diagnostic imaging tool for diagnosis of pure CHL, combined CT and MRI examination is crucial for preoperative evaluation of SNHL patien