Carbohydrate counting: how accurate should it be to achieve glycemic control in patients on intensive insulin regimens?

Carbohydrate counting is an important meal-planning tool for patients on intensive insulin regimens. Preprandial insulin bolus is adjusted taking into account the carbohydrate content of each meal and the insulin-to-carb ratio of each patient throughout the day. Evidence suggests that accurate carbohydrate counting may have positive effects not only on reducing glycosylated hemoglobin concentration but also on decreasing the incidence of hypoglycemic episodes. Nevertheless, despite its benefits, the efficacy of carbohydrate counting depends on the ability of each patient, or its caregiver, to accurately estimate the carbohydrate content of each meal. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand how accurate should carbohydrate counting be, and the impact of inaccurate carbohydrate counting on the glycemic control of each patient. Within this work, we propose an analytic method that uses the insulin-to-carb ratio and the insulin sensitivity factor, along with the glycemic targets of each patient to calculate the limits of accurate carbohydrate counting, in order to achieve better glycemic control and to reduce hypoglycemic episodes.publishe

An adaptive mealtime bolus calculator to minimize the effects of inaccurate carbohydrate counting

Evidence suggests that accurate carbohydrate counting along with self-monitoring of blood glucose is the key to a successful diabetes management, in particular for patients on intensive insulin regimens. However, despite its benefits, accurate carbohydrate counting is a complex, difficult, time-consuming, and error-prone task for most patients. Several studies show that most patients frequently estimate the carbohydrate content of meals within an error of about 10-15 g of the real value. In addition, fearing hypoglycemic events, patients frequently underestimate the carbohydrate content of meals and, consequently, they have high levels of HbA1C. Therefore, is important to avoid the consequences of incorrect carbohydrate counting in order to improve the patient's glycemic control. To that end, this work presents an adaptive mealtime bolus calculator that uses the patient's glycemic data to dynamically adjust the mealtime bolus and counterbalance the negative effects of inaccurate carbohydrate counting.511F-603F-4B30 | Francisco MirandaN/

Carbohydrate counting : how accurate should it be to achieve glycemic control in patients on intensive insulin regimens?

Carbohydrate counting is an important meal-planning tool for patients on intensive insulin regimens. Preprandial insulin bolus is adjusted taking into account the carbohydrate content of each meal and the insulin-to-carb ratio of each patient throughout the day. Evidence suggests that accurate carbohydrate counting may have positive effects not only on reducing glycosylated hemoglobin concentration but also on decreasing the incidence of hypoglycemic episodes. Nevertheless, despite its benefits, the efficacy of carbohydrate counting depends on the ability of each patient, or its caregiver, to accurately estimate the carbohydrate content of each meal. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand how accurate should carbohydrate counting be, and the impact of inaccurate carbohydrate counting on the glycemic control of each patient. Within this work, we propose an analytic method that uses the insulin-to-carb ratio and the insulin sensitivity factor, along with the glycemic targets of each patient to calculate the limits of accurate carbohydrate counting, in order to achieve better glycemic control and to reduce hypoglycemic episodes.511F-603F-4B30 | Francisco MirandaN/

An adaptive mealtime bolus calculator to minimize the effects of inaccurate carbohydrate counting

Evidence suggests that accurate carbohydrate counting along with self-monitoring of blood glucose is the key to a successful diabetes management, in particular for patients on intensive insulin regimens. However, despite its benefits, accurate carbohydrate counting is a complex, difficult, time-consuming, and error-prone task for most patients. Several studies show that most patients frequently estimate the carbohydrate content of meals within an error of about 10-15 g of the real value. In addition, fearing hypoglycemic events, patients frequently underestimate the carbohydrate content of meals and, consequently, they have high levels of HbA1C. Therefore, is important to avoid the consequences of incorrect carbohydrate counting in order to improve the patient’s glycemic control. To that end, this work presents an adaptive mealtime bolus calculator that uses the patient’s glycemic data to dynamically adjust the mealtime bolus and counterbalance the negative effects of inaccurate carbohydrate counting.publishe

As transformações do território: Bracara Augusta e o seu cadastro

Este trabalho pretende abordar os processos relacionados com a transformação do território em que se implantou a cidade romana de Bracara Augusta, tendo em vista estabelecer uma articulação entre o âmbito urbano e a nova paisagem rural que emerge da integração desta região no Império romano. Para o efeito, abordaremos o contexto da ocupação pré-romana da região em que se implantou a cidade, o contexto da sua fundação e as características principais do seu urbanismo, procedendo-se, finalmente, a uma valorização dos novos sítios e achados que ajudam a definir a presença romana no território rural envolvente, com destaque para a rede viária principal, para as necrópoles e para os vestígios de povoamento. A nossa atenção centrar-se-á, de seguida, nos dados referentes à análise do parcelamento rural romano que marcou uma profunda transformação da paisagem e da ocupação do território.This study addresses the processes related to the transformation of the territory in which the Roman city of Bracara Augusta was founded, in order to establish an interaction between the urban context and the new rural landscape that emerged from the integration of this region into the Roman Empire. This paper will discuss the context of pre-Roman occupation in which the city developed, the context of its foundation and the key features of its urban planning, proceeding finally to an appreciation of the new sites and findings that help us to define the Roman presence in the surrounding rural area, with an emphasis on the main road network, cemeteries and settlement remains. It will then focus on data associated with the analysis of the roman rural centuriation that marked a profound change of the landscape and occupation of the territory.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dynamical analysis of the interaction between object location and hand use in a midline crossing task in children with trisomy 21

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of spatial constraints on the hand use in children with trisomy 21. Methods: Participants were 31 children with trisomy (13.35 ± 2.78 years old, 18 girls) (T21) and 38 children with typical development (8.62±.79 years old, 22 girls) (TD), with similar APGAR scores at birth (1 mn and 5 mn), but with significantly different mental age in Goodenough test. Children grasped seven colored Styrofoam balls in a semi-circumference arraying; in a pseudorandom condition (R) and in a scaling condition (increasing sequence [IS]- from left to right hemispace; decreasing sequence [DS]- from right to left hemispace). Results: In the R, TD displayed a significantly greater frequency of midline crossing than T21, as in the DS; but not in the IS condition. T21 showed significantly larger hysteresis in the left hemispace, as well as in the midline location, but not in the right hemispace. In R, IS and DS, no significant differences were observed between TD and T21 in the frequency of left-hand use. Conclusion: Spatial constraints highly determined T21 hand-use, as clearly expressed in the pattern of midline crossing and of hysteresis. In T21, the scaling procedure permitted the detection of patterns of interaction among spatial and intrinsic constraints, that the traditional R procedure would not. This perceptual-motor pattern of behavior should be considered as criteria in the planning of perceptual-motor intervention for children with T21. We propose the “task constraints attunement hypothesis”, suggesting that T21 children (and, probably others with developmental problems) reveal more left-handedness and less asymmetry because they are compelled to use the hand in accordance with spatial constraints.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Investigating the impact of combining handwritten signature and keyboard keystroke dynamics for gender prediction

© 2019 IEEE. The use of soft-biometric data as an auxiliary tool on user identification is already well known. Gender, handorientation and emotional state are some examples which can be called soft-biometrics. These soft-biometric data can be predicted directly from the biometric templates. It is very common to find researches using physiological modalities for soft-biometric prediction, but behavioural biometric is often not well explored for this context. Among the behavioural biometric modalities, keystroke dynamics and handwriting signature have been widely explored for user identification, including some soft-biometric predictions. However, in these modalities, the soft-biometric prediction is usually done in an individual way. In order to fill this space, this study aims to investigate whether the combination of those two biometric modalities can impact the performance of a soft-biometric data, gender prediction. The main aim is to assess the impact of combining data from two different biometric sources in gender prediction. Our findings indicated gains in terms of performance for gender prediction when combining these two biometric modalities, when compared to the individual ones

Músicas em movimento. Dos contextos, tempos e geografias da performance musical em Portugal

O texto propõe-se desenvolver uma reflexão acerca das dinâmicas territoriais dos mercados culturais, discutindo a forma como essas dinâmicas reflectem tensões inerentes à lógica própria da produção/criação cultural, às prioridades impostas pelo crescimento dos mercados da cultura (concorrência e disputa de públicos escassos) e a exigências de legitimação social e política das actividades culturais. A discussão far-se-á a partir da análise do caso particular do mercado do espectáculo musical no nosso país, recorrendo a dados produzidos no âmbito de um projecto de investigação realizado no CES/FEUC e recentemente finalizado. Os resultados produzidos possibilitam a identificação de traços marcantes relativos à geografia, aos tempos e aos contextos da produção de espectáculos musicais, permitindo a sua discussão no âmbito das principais linhas de estruturação das actuais políticas culturais (centrais e locais) e da esfera cultural no nosso país.This text seeks to reflect on the territorial dynamics of cultural markets, discussing the way in which these dynamics express tensions that are inherent to the logic of cultural production/creation, to the priorities imposed by the growth of cultural markets (competition for small publics), and to the needs of social and political legitimation of cultural activities. The discussion will be based on the analysis of the specific case of the market of music performances in Portugal, using data from a recently finished research project carried out at CES/FEUC. The results of this project have led to the identification of distinctive features concerning the geography, the times and the contexts of production of music performances, which are discussed in the context of the major structuring lines of the current cultural policies (both at the central and local levels) and of the cultural sphere in Portugal.Le texte présent propose le développement d’une réflexion autour des dynamiques territoriales des marchés culturels, cherchant à savoir de quelle manière ces dynamiques reflètent des tensions inhérentes à la propre logique de la production/création culturelle, ainsi que les priorités imposées par la croissance des marchés de la culture (concurrence et dispute de publics limités) et l’exigence de légitimation sociale et politique des activités culturelles. La discussion sera menée à partir de l’étude du cas particulier du marché que constitue le spectacle musical au Portugal. A cet effet, nous ferons recours aux données produites dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche réalisé au CES/FEUC et récemment mis au point. Les résultats produits rendent possible l’identification des traces marquantes relatives à la géographie, aux temps et aux contextes de la production des spectacles musicaux, permettant de les discuter dans le cadre des principales lignes de structuration des politiques culturelles actuelles (centrales et locales) et de la sphère culturelle au Portugal

The Phonographic Industry and the Recorded Music Market: A Long Misunderstanding

Drawing on research into the Portuguese phonographic industry, this article addresses the crisis which the industry is currently facing, with the aim of showing how the history of the phonographic field has, from the outset, been marked by various doubts and uncertainties emerging from disputes over a number of objects. It also shows that these doubts have always led to the reinvention of the conventions that have shaped the activities of this organisational and commercial field. Based on an analytical perspective that draws on the theoretical contributions of institutionalist economic sociology (Powell and DiMaggio, 1991; Fligstein, 1996 and 2001) and the economic sociology of conventions (Boltanski and Thévenot, 1991 and 1999; Thévenot, 2002), it discusses the dilemmas experienced by the industry, exploring the hypothesis that these have emerged as a result of the different orders of worth mobilised to coordinate activities in the phonographic field