Роль полиморфизмов гена PERP в развитии акантолиза у больных истинной акантолитической пузырчаткой

Goal. To determine the nucleotide protein-coding PERP gene sequence and assess the relation between the revealed mutations/polymorphisms and development of true acantholytic pemphigus as well as particular features of its course. Materials and methods. The protein-coding PERP gene DNA sequence was studied by the sequence analysis method in 18 patients with true acantholytic pemphigus. Results. Two polymorphisms were discovered in patients with true acantholytic pemphigus in Exon 3 of the PERP gene for the first time: rs648802 (non-synonymous) and rs648396 (synonymous). The incidence of wild type genotypes in the revealed polymorphisms (С/С genotype rs648802 and Т/Т genotype rs648396) in healthy volunteers reliably exceeded that in patients (p = 0.049). Patients with true acantholytic pemphigus are characterized by a higher incidence rate of mutant heterozygous genotypes С/G rs648802 and Т/C rs648396 (p = 0.09). Mutant heterozygous genotypes of the polymorphisms (G/G genotype rs648802 and С/С genotype rs648396) were revealed in patients with the earlier onset of the disease (41-60 years) (p = 0.025) more often while heterozygous genotypes (С/G genotype rs648802 and T/С genotype rs648396) were revealed when the disease developed at the age of 61 or older more often (p = 0.01). Conclusion. Identification of the polymorphous genotype by the sequence method or other molecular methods (e.g. PCR) can be used to forecast the terms when true acantholytic pemphigus can emerge in genetically inclined patients. However, it should be noted that it is necessary to specify the preliminary results obtained based on a greater sample of patients with true acantholytic pemphigus.Цель. Определение нуклеотидной белок-кодирующей последовательности гена PERP с оценкой взаимосвязи между выявленными мутациями/полиморфизмами и развитием истинной акантолитической пузырчатки, особенностями ее течения. Материал и методы. Методом секвенирования исследована белок-кодирующая последовательность ДНК гена PERP у 18 больных истинной акантолитической пузырчаткой. Результаты. Впервые у больных истинной акантолитической пузырчаткой в 3-м экзоне гена PERP были выявлены два полиморфизма: rs648802 (несинонимичный) и rs648396 (синонимичный). Частота встречаемости генотипов «дикого» типа выявленных полиморфизмов (С/С генотип rs648802 и Т/Т генотип rs648396) у здоровых добровольцев достоверно превысила частоту встречаемости данных генотипов у больных (р = 0,049). У больных истинной акантолитической пузырчаткой отмечена тенденция к более частому выявлению мутантных гетерозиготных генотипов С/G rs648802 и Т/C rs648396 (р = 0,09). Мутантные гомозиготные генотипы данных полиморфизмов (G/G генотип rs648802 и С/С генотип rs648396) чаще выявлялись у больных с более ранним началом заболевания (41-60 лет) (р = 0,025), а гетерозиготные генотипы (С/G генотип rs648802 и T/С генотип rs648396) чаще обнаруживались при манифестации заболевания в возрасте 61 года и старше (р = 0,01). Заключение. Идентификация полиморфного генотипа методом секвенирования или другими молекулярными методами (например ПЦР-ПФРФ) может быть использована с целью прогнозирования сроков манифестации истинной акантолитической пузырчатки у генетически предрасположенных пациентов. Однако следует подчеркнуть необходимость уточнения полученных предварительных результатов на более крупной выборке больных истинной акантолитической пузырчаткой

Professional ethics of a civil servant: specificity and problems

The urgency of the professional development of the public administration system personnel is determined by the dynamics and specificity of the political and socio-economic situation in the country, as well as the actual state of the system of public administration itself. The most important factor in the successful reformation of the public administration system is overcoming the problem of the professional and ethical development of its subjects. The professional ethics of the civil servant must comply not only with the Constitution of our state, its current legislation, but also with moral principles and norms. The professional requirements for civil servants depend on the authority where the civil servant works and the peculiarities of the work performed by him. However, the fact remains that the number of requirements for the professional conduct of civil servants relates to the entire system of public administration. The specificity of the professional ethics of a civil servant is, first of all, in the peculiarities of professional activity that are directly related to the legal status of the official, in the possibilities provided by the Constitution, to exercise authority on behalf of the state, in significant opportunities to make subjective decisions guided by their own moral and volitional principles. The performance of professional functions entrusted to an official requires from the person to possess certain qualities for the purpose of effective public administration. Adherence to and development of qualities will allow to improve the process of public administration in terms of ensuring the system of public administration with high-quality personnel as well as the possibility of representing Ukraine in cooperation with foreign partners at a high level

Pre-illumination of rice blast conidia induces tolerance to subsequent oxidative stress

Many environmental factors, alone or combined, affect organisms by changing a pro-/antioxidant balance. Here we tested rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) for possible cross-adaptations caused by relatively intense light and protecting from artificially formed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent fungitoxic response of the host plant. Spore germination was found to be suppressed under 4-hand, to larger extent, 5-hillumination. The effect was diminished by antioxidants and, therefore, suggests involvement of ROS. One-hour of light did not affect spore germination, but stimulated their chemically assayed superoxide production. The illuminated spores were more tolerant (than non-illuminated ones) to artificially generated H2O2, O2 -, or OH or to toxic diffusate of rice leaf. They also caused more severe disease symptoms if applied to leaves of the susceptible rice cultivar at low concentration. Spore diffusates decomposed hydrogen peroxide. They detoxified exogenous H2O2 and superoxide radical as well as leaf diffusates. Spore illumination increased some of these protective effects. It is suggested that short-term light led to mild oxidative stress, which induced spore antioxidant capacity, enhancing spore tolerance to subsequent stronger oxidative stress and its aggressiveness in planta. Such tolerance depends partly on the antidotal action of spore extracellular compounds, which may also be light-stimulated. Therefore, a certain ROS-related environmental factor may adapt a fungus to other factors and so modulate its pathogenic properties. © 2014 The British Mycological Society

Pre-illumination of rice blast conidia induces tolerance to subsequent oxidative stress

Many environmental factors, alone or combined, affect organisms by changing a pro-/antioxidant balance. Here we tested rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) for possible cross-adaptations caused by relatively intense light and protecting from artificially formed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent fungitoxic response of the host plant. Spore germination was found to be suppressed under 4-hand, to larger extent, 5-hillumination. The effect was diminished by antioxidants and, therefore, suggests involvement of ROS. One-hour of light did not affect spore germination, but stimulated their chemically assayed superoxide production. The illuminated spores were more tolerant (than non-illuminated ones) to artificially generated H2O2, O2 -, or OH or to toxic diffusate of rice leaf. They also caused more severe disease symptoms if applied to leaves of the susceptible rice cultivar at low concentration. Spore diffusates decomposed hydrogen peroxide. They detoxified exogenous H2O2 and superoxide radical as well as leaf diffusates. Spore illumination increased some of these protective effects. It is suggested that short-term light led to mild oxidative stress, which induced spore antioxidant capacity, enhancing spore tolerance to subsequent stronger oxidative stress and its aggressiveness in planta. Such tolerance depends partly on the antidotal action of spore extracellular compounds, which may also be light-stimulated. Therefore, a certain ROS-related environmental factor may adapt a fungus to other factors and so modulate its pathogenic properties. © 2014 The British Mycological Society

ALICE addentum to the Technical Design Report of the time of flight system (TOF)

ALIC