Representing human movement and behaviour in virtual environment using gaming software

Gaming software, DarkBASIC Professional (DBPro) is widely used for the games application. In this research, the software is applied as a tool to simulate human movement and behaviour in crowded areas within virtual environment. Emphasize is to accommodate the largest possible range of humans with diverse abilities as part of AUNT-SUE (Accessibility and Users Needs in Transport – Sustainable Urban Environment) project. In this paper, the method applied to represent humans in virtual environment using DBPro will be discussed

Influence of lanthanide promoters on Ni/SBA-15 catalysts for syngas production by methane dry reforming

AbstractThe catalytic performance of Ce- and La-promoted Ni/SBA-15 catalysts for syngas production from CO2 reforming of methane has been investigated in a fixed-bed reactor at stoichiometric feed composition. Both promoted and unpromoted catalysts possessed high BET surface area of 303-445 m2 g-1. Additionally, SBA-15 support had a relatively uniform rod-like shape with a diameter of about 0.55μm and a reduction in the crystallite size of NiO phase from 27.0 to 19.1nm was observed with promoter addition reasonably due to the strong interaction between promoter and NiO particles. CeO2 and La2O3 dopants were finely dispersed on catalyst surface. Temperature-programmed oxidation of spent catalysts showed that coke-resistance was improved significantly with promoter modification and 3%La-10%Ni/SBA-15 catalyst was the most resistant to carbonaceous deposition rationally due to the least NiO crystallite size hindering the nucleation and growth of graphitic carbon. Hence, La-promoted catalyst appeared to be the optimum catalyst in terms of reactant conversion, H2 yield and stability whilst a gradual decline in both reactant conversion and H2 yield was experienced with unpromoted and Ce-doped catalysts. Regardless of catalyst types, the ratio of H2 to CO was always less than unity preferred for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Human movement representation in virtual environment using gaming software

Gaming software, DarkBASIC Professional (DBPro) is widely used for the games application. In this research, the software was applied as a tool to simulate human movement and behaviour within virtual environment. Emphasize is to accommodate the largest possible range of humans with diverse abilities as part of AUNT-SUE (Accessibility and Users Needs in Transport – Sustainable Urban Environment) project. Two subjects (adult and older people) were selected as the virtual entities. The virtual entities were modelled based on humans movement and behaviour in the real world. Lowel level validation and example of case study was presented in this paper

Quantitative analysis of fatty acids composition in the used cooking oil (UCO) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

A simple, robust and reliable method has been developed for the quantification of fatty acids in used cooking oil (UCO) by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Four steps involved in this study are: the preparation of UCO for quantification analysis, development of calibration curve, determination of fatty acids composition and the ageing studies. The developed method has been validated with known composition of the UCO and biodiesel and the error has been found to be within ±0.7%. This method can be used for the determination of composition of fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in oil and biodiesel products

A video-based observation and analysis method to assess human movement and behaviour in crowded areas

Human movement in the real world provides important information for developing human behaviour models and simulations. However, it is difficult to assess ‘real’ human behaviour since there is no established method available. As part of the AUNTSUE (Accessibility and User Needs in Transport – Sustainable Urban Environments) project, this research aimed to propose a method to assess human movement and behaviour in crowded areas. The method is based on the three major steps of video recording, conceptual behavior modelling and video analysis. The focus is on individual human movement and behaviour in normal situations (panic situations are not considered) and the interactions between individuals in localized areas. Emphasis is placed on gaining knowledge of characteristics of human movement and behaviour in the real world that can be modelled in the virtual environment

HUMAN MOVEMENT REPRESENTATION IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT USING GAMING SOFTWARE

This is a conference paper.Gaming software, DarkBASIC Professional (DBPro) is widely used for the games application. In this research, the software was applied as a tool to simulate human movement and behaviour within virtual environment. Emphasize is to accommodate the largest possible range of humans with diverse abilities as part of AUNT-SUE (Accessibility and Users Needs in Transport – Sustainable Urban Environment) project. Two subjects (adult and older people) were selected as the virtual entities. The virtual entities were modelled based on humans movement and behaviour in the real world. Lowel level validation and example of case study was presented in this paper

Syngas production from methane dry reforming over Ni/SBA-15 catalyst: Effect of operating parameters

The influence of operating conditions including reactant partial pressure and reaction temperature on the catalytic performance of 10%Ni/SBA-15 catalyst for methane dry reforming (MDR) reaction has been investigated in this study. MDR reaction was carried out under atmospheric pressure at varying CH4/CO2 volume ratios of 3:1 to 1:3 and 923-1023 K in a tubular fixed-bed reactor. SBA-15 supported Ni catalyst exhibited high specific surface area of 444.96 m2 g-1 and NiO phase with average crystallite size of 27 nm was detected on catalyst surface by X-ray diffraction and Raman measurements. H2 temperature-programmed reaction shows that NiO particles were reduced to metallic Ni0 phase with degree of reduction of about 90.1% and the reduction temperature depended on the extent of metal-support interaction and confinement effect of mesoporous silica support. Catalytic activity appeared to be stable for 4 h on-stream at 973-1023 K whilst a slight drop in activity was observed at 923 K probably due to deposited carbon formed by thermodynamically favored CH4 decomposition reaction. Both CH4 and CO2 conversions increased with rising reaction temperature and reaching about 91% and 94%, respectively at 1023 K with CO2 and CH4 partial pressure of 20 kPa. CH4 conversion improved with increasing CO2 partial pressure, PCO2 and exhibited an optimum at PCO2 of 30-50 kPa depending on reaction temperature whilst a substantial decline in CO2 conversion was observed with growing PCO2. Additionally, CH4 and CO2 conversions decreased significantly with rising CH4 partial pressure because of increasing carbon formation rate via CH4 cracking in CH4-rich feed. Post-reaction characterization shows that active Ni metal phase was not re-oxidized to inactive metal oxide during MDR reaction. The heterogeneous nature of deposited carbons including carbon nanofilament and graphite was detected on catalyst surface by Raman measurement