Patellar tendon mid-substance tear after total knee arthroplasty: a case report

Extensor mechanism of knee plays important role in successful long term functional outcome after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Any injury to extensor mechanism during or after surgery can cause functional disability which can be devastating for patients. Patellar tendon injuries are not very common after TKA. The author reported a rare case of patellar tendon mid-substance tear after TKA, which was successfully managed by reconstruction using grafts without any implant

A study on clinical, etiological and laboratory profile in patients with jaundice at a tertiary care centre in south bihar

Introduction: Jaundice is a major components of the syndrome of liver failure, which can be acute, subacute or chronic. Subacute and chronic liver failure are well-recognized syndromes with known causes of liver disease. While viral hepatitis and acetaminophen overdose are major causes of acute liver failure, there are many other infections and non-infectious causes that can mimic this presentation especially in a tropical country like India. Aim and objective: To study the clinical profile, etiology and laboratory findings in different patients with jaundice. Methodology: An observational study was conducted in General Medicine department in Narayan Medical College and Hospital, Jamuhar. Total 100 patients were selected from OPD and IPD of Narayan medical college and hospital with jaundice being treated and fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was conducted between  Dec 2019 to June 2020. Result: Most common cause of jaundice came out to be viral hepatitis making a total of 60 cases (60%), with 23 cases of females (23%) and 37 cases of males (37%). Among the viral hepatitis the highest number of cases were of HEV (26%), followed by HBV (21%), HAV(16%) and HCV(1%). Next most common cause of jaundice came out to be Malaria (12%), Dengue (5%), and drug induced hepatitis (15%).Conclusion: Jaundice is very common disease with male predominance, varied etiology most common being viral hepatitis, Alcoholic liver diseases. Most common presentation is anorexia followed by myalgia, fatigue. Keywords: Jaundice, viral hepatitis, SGOT, SGPT

An assessment of seasonal, monthly and diurnal variations of ambient air quality in the Gurugram city (Haryana)

Gurugram is emerging as one of India's most advanced cities. The combined impact of industrial and vehicular emissions makes the environment toxic. Recently, Gurugram has experienced severe air quality. In the present work, an assessment of seasonal, monthly, and diurnal variations of ambient air quality was carried out in Gurugram during the period of March 2021 to 2022 February. Seasonal and monthly concentrations of key air pollutants like particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3) were examined at Vikas sadan, Gwal Pahari and Teri Gram in Gurugram city to study the most polluted seasons and months. Significantly higher mean concentrations of Particulate matter PM2.5 (406.94 μgm−3) and NO2 (353.96ppb) were seen during the colder months and seasons. O3 showed a consistent trend with variations during the year, with the highest concentration in winter (106.35µg/m3). PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations during the night were greater for all seasons when compared to diurnal values. O3 concentrations displayed diurnal tendencies that were the opposite of those of NO2 concentrations. The highest concentrations of ambient PM2.5, NO2, and CO were observed at the Vikas Sadan Monitoring Station. While the NISE Gwal Pahari station showed greater O3 values. The findings highlight the necessity of efficient air pollution control in Gurugram. To prevent public exposure to air pollutants, preventive measures like green spaces, using public transport, etc. must be adopted. The study contributes to a better understanding of air pollution by seasonal, monthly and diurnal assessment in the city of Gurugram

Reimplantation: clinical Implications and outcome of dry storage of avulsed teeth

Reimplantation refers to the insertion and temporary fixation of completely or partially avulsed teeth that have resulted from traumatic injury. Reimplantation of an avulsed tooth depends on certain clinical conditions like phy- siological status of periodontal ligament (PDL), the stage of root development and the length of extra oral time. Depending on the patient’s age, retention of the permanent incisor can maintain the aesthetic appearance, occlusal function and alveolar ridge height. Though the risk of progressive replacement resorption and subsequent tooth loss is high after a long dry storage, reimplantation makes a provision for an aesthetically acceptable permanent prosthesis at a later age. This article presents management of two cases with avulsed permanent incisors that were stored in dry conditions for seven hours and three days respectivel

Evaluating the Environmental and Public Health Inference of COVID-19 Lockdowns: A Longitudinal Study of Air Quality in Delhi and National Capital Region (NCR)

The COVID-19 virus has had a huge impact on communities around the world, leading to lockdowns to reduce the spread of the virus. This research paper aims to provide a detailed comparison of the impact of the lockdown on air quality in Delhi's National Capital Region (NCR). It also aims to assess the short- and long-term effects of the lockdown on residents of the Delhi National Capital Territory by analyzing various air pollutants. The research will compare pre- and post-closure conditions and explore differences in the impact of different demographics and health groups. Findings from this study can inform policymakers, urban planners, and community health officials in developing effective strategies to prevent and improve health in similar situations in the future. This research paper explores changes in air pollution, specifically PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and ozone over the four years from 2019 to 2023. These pollutants show differences and changes in air quality over tim

Circular Gene Mapping of Identified AMR Genes in Multi-Drug Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Potable Water

Background: Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative & facultative anaerobe bacterium ubiquitously found in all environments. It is a waterborne and foodborne pathogen associated with many diarrhoea and GI tract diseases inclusive of UTIs in humans. The rise in the number of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs has a major impact on disease control efforts. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be found in a variety of water sources. As a result, the objective of the current study is to construct a circular AMR gene map based on the assessment of the antibiotic susceptibility profiling of E. coli isolated from twenty various potable water sources. Methodology: Escherichia coli was isolated by using IS 5887 (Part-1) 1976. The antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Agar Well Diffusion Assay against ten therapeutically significant antibiotics. AMR genes were identified by using Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD). The whole genome sequencing was also used to construct circular AMR gene map using Proksee tool. Results: Our research clearly shows that the E. coli isolates are resistant to antibiotics. The most resistant drugs for isolated E. coli. were found to be azithromycin, ampicillin, and metronidazole, to which every isolate showed 100% resistance. Out of 20 water sources, 13 E. coli isolates showed 100% susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and meropenem and 100% resistance to azithromycin, ampicillin, and metronidazole. Tetracycline and norfloxacin showed intermediate susceptibility in 78% of Escherichia coli species. 15% of the isolates in the research were sensitive to cefixime, and 38% to co-trimoxazole. A circular gene map was created using identified 59 AMR genes, including those that encode antibiotic efflux pumps for small multidrug resistance (SMR), ATP binding cassette (ABC) antibiotic efflux pumps, and resistant nodulation cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pumps etc. Conclusion: Antibiotic overuse and misuse have caused microorganisms to become less susceptible and more resistant. As a result, treating bacterial and other infections with antibiotics is no longer as effective. The present investigation assessed the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of ten commonly given antibiotics against isolates of Escherichia coli spp. Among the other medications, ciprofloxacin and meropenem were found to be 100% vulnerable to Escherichia coli spp. Unlike meropenem and ciprofloxacin, which were the most promising antibiotics, metronidazole, ampicillin, and azithromycin were determined to be the most failed antibiotics since they were ineffective against all discovered isolated strains

Rotary Endodontics in Pediatric Dentistry: Literature Review.

Pulpectomy is indicated in primary teeth with carious pulp exposures in which coronal and radicular pulp exhibits clinical signs of hyperemia or evidence of pulp necrosis with or without caries involvement. In primary teeth, it can be challenging and time-consuming, especially during canal preparation, which is considered one of the most important steps in root canal therapy. The development of NiTi rotary files has helped pediatric dentists also. With the availability of rapidly coming versions of these files, it may be difficult to pick appropriate file systems and techniques most suitable for an individual case. Practitioners must always bear in mind that all file systems have benefits and weaknesses

PHARMACEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF LABORATORY GROWN CULTURES OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW AND FUTURE POSSIBILITIES

COVID-19 pandemic has taught the world researchers the urgent need for new sources and novel pharmaceuticals not only for existing diseases but also for both seasonal epidemics and future pandemics. Pharmaceutical drug discoveries for the past fifty years depended deeply on the procedure of empirical transmission of a huge number of pure bioactive compounds to provide new leads. The screening of extracts or isolating compounds is a common way to discover novel biologically active molecules. Most of the valuable Blue-Green algal metabolites are concentrated in their biomass. For existence in nature, Blue-Green algae (BGA) secrete and contain various organic substances like proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, pigments, primary and secondary metabolites, and these compounds are explored for potential biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral (including the anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19), anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, protease inhibitory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, etc. Due to their diverse application, pharmaceutical companies have shown commercial interest in the Blue-green algal group for the discovery and development of novel molecules to combat deadly diseases for the benefit of society and mankind. The current review paper highlights and discusses the diverse pharmaceutical potential of laboratory-grown cultures of BGA along with comprehensive and current knowledge on bioactive compounds discovered by researchers globally

Coexisting choroidal neovascularization and active retinochoroiditis—an uncommon presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis

Abstract Background Choroidal neovascularization during the active stage of Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is an uncommon clinical presentation. The authors retrospectively reviewed medical charts of patients with coexisting choroidal neovascular membrane and active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis. Findings Three patients presented with coexisting choroidal neovascular membrane and active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis. All lesions had adjacent subretinal hemorrhage. The diagnosis was confirmed based on clinical presentation, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. The patients were managed with a combination of treatments including intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF), oral anti-Toxoplasma treatment, and oral corticosteroids. In all patients, the retinitis lesion resolved in 6 weeks and the coexisting choroidal neovascular membrane resolved over 6 to 12 weeks. Conclusions Recurrences in Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis are common as satellite lesions adjacent to an old atrophic scar. Coexisting choroidal neovascularization with active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is an important presentation and should be suspected in the presence subretinal hemorrhage and managed with a combination of anti-Toxoplasma treatment and intravitreal anti-VEGF. </jats:sec