Nasal In Situ Gel: Novel Approach for Nasal Drug Delivery

Nasal delivery is an alternative to oral or parenteral administration due to certain limitations such as absorption of the drug, drug targeting to particular organs can cause a problem for administration through oral route.  The nasal route has also been successfully used for bypassing the blood-brain barrier and afterword delivering drug molecules to the central nervous system. Also, lag time related to oral drug delivery is reduces by this route and offers noninvasiveness, self-medication, patient comfort, and patient compliance. Extend drug delivery can be attained by different new dosage forms like in situ gel. In situ formulations are drug delivery systems. The in-situ gelling system is a process in which the solution forms of a gel before administration in the body, but once administrated, it undergoes gelation in-situ, to form a gel. In situ gelling system becomes very popular nowadays because of their several advantages over conventional drug delivery systems like a sustained and prolonged release of a drug, reduced Frequency of administration, improved patient compliance and comfort. Approaches towards the various formulation of in-situ gel concerning temperature, pH, and physicochemical conditions. The in situ gel-forming polymeric formulations offer several advantages like sustained and prolonged action reduced Frequency of administration, in comparison to conventional drug delivery systems.  From a manufacturing point of view, the production of such systems is less complex and thus lowers the investment and manufacturing cost. Various evaluation parameters are considered during the preparation of In-Situ gel. Keywords: Nasal Drug Delivery, In Situ gel, gelation, polymers, et

Review on Classification of Heart Disease using Hidden Pattern Analysis

Prediction of Heart Disease utilizing strategy of Data Mining is successful yet there is loss of Accuracy by utilizing the picture handling as extra preparing for more Accuracy . In Proposed System we are utilizing the calculations like Decision Tree, Nueral Network and the Naive Bayes in the information mining and in the picture Processing we are utilizing the prevalent calculations like Local Binary Pattern. The exploration result indicates forecast precision of 99 Percent. Information mining empower the wellbeing area to foresee designs in the datasets. Here we utilize picture preparing for looking at the ECG, CT examine, Angiography, and so forth, reports and finding the more exact outcomes

Using Carbon Dioxide to Enhance Recovery of Methane from Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Final Summary Report

Carbon dioxide sequestration coupled with hydrocarbon resource recovery is often economically attractive. Use of CO2 for enhanced recovery of oil, conventional natural gas, and coal-bed methane are in various stages of common practice. In this report, we discuss a new technique utilizing CO2 for enhanced recovery of an unconventional but potentially very important source of natural gas, gas hydrate. We have focused our attention on the Alaska North Slope where approximately 640 Tcf of natural gas reserves in the form of gas hydrate have been identified. Alaska is also unique in that potential future CO2 sources are nearby, and petroleum infrastructure exists or is being planned that could bring the produced gas to market or for use locally. The EGHR (Enhanced Gas Hydrate Recovery) concept takes advantage of the physical and thermodynamic properties of mixtures in the H2O-CO2 system combined with controlled multiphase flow, heat, and mass transport processes in hydrate-bearing porous media. A chemical-free method is used to deliver a LCO2-Lw microemulsion into the gas hydrate bearing porous medium. The microemulsion is injected at a temperature higher than the stability point of methane hydrate, which upon contacting the methane hydrate decomposes its crystalline lattice and releases the enclathrated gas. Small scale column experiments show injection of the emulsion into a CH4 hydrate rich sand results in the release of CH4 gas and the formation of CO2 hydrat

Preventive effect of Polyherbal mixture against Rifampicin and Pylorus ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcers and liver necrosis in Rats

Antitubercular drug is produced hepatotoxicity is major drawback of an effective treatment of treatment of tuberculosis. In this paper we review the incidence, pathology and clinical features of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, discuss the metabolism and mechanisms of toxicity of Rifampicin, and describe risk factors and management of antituberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity, the antiulcer activity was assessed by determining and comparing the ulcer index in the test drug groups with that of the vehicle control and standard Omeprazole. In case of pylorus ligation induced ulcers, the polyherbal mixture showed significant reduction of ulcers in a dose dependent manner. The parameters taken to assess antiulcer activity were % inhibition ulcer index. The results indicated that polyherbal mixture significantly (p<0.001) decreased the % inhibition ulcer index as well as hepatoregenrative action

Preventive effect of Polyherbal mixture against Rifampicin and Pylorus ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcers and liver necrosis in Rats

Antitubercular drug is produced hepatotoxicity is major drawback of an effective treatment of treatment of tuberculosis. In this paper we review the incidence, pathology and clinical features of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, discuss the metabolism and mechanisms of toxicity of Rifampicin, and describe risk factors and management of antituberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity, the antiulcer activity was assessed by determining and comparing the ulcer index in the test drug groups with that of the vehicle control and standard Omeprazole. In case of pylorus ligation induced ulcers, the polyherbal mixture showed significant reduction of ulcers in a dose dependent manner. The parameters taken to assess antiulcer activity were % inhibition ulcer index. The results indicated that polyherbal mixture significantly (p<0.001) decreased the % inhibition ulcer index as well as hepatoregenrative action

Oral Fast Disintegrating Films of Phytochemicals: A Novel Drug Delivery System

Oral fast disintegrating films (OFDFs) have been developed as a viable alternative to conventional oral solid dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, and syrups for patients who struggle consuming them. OFDFs are thin strips that disintegrate or dissolve rapidly when placed in the oral cavity, allowing quick onset of action. These films are prepared by incorporating active pharmaceutical ingredients with film-forming polymers and other ingredients. OFDFs are also developed by incorporating active constituents present in phytochemicals such as flavonoids and polyphenols. In recent years, researchers have developed OFDFs by incorporating active phytoconstituents and/or herbal extracts to produce significant therapeutic activity. Phytochemical-based OFDFs show pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, immunomodulatory, antimigraine, antiarrhythmic, antioxidant and antibacterial. These films can also be used in the management of dementia, cerebral insufficiency and Alzheimer’s disease. The present review focuses on the formulation and development of phytochemical-loaded OFDFs and recent research carried out on the same in tabular form. Keywords: Oral fast disintegrating film, phytochemicals, active phytoconstituents, herbal extracts, natural active compounds, oral mucosa, mouth dissolving fil

Pre-submission facility correspondence for generic dosage form with an expedited-approval in 8 months

PFC (Pre-Submission Facility Correspondence) is the initial submission for an ANDA (Abbreviated New Drug Application), comprising information for the application similar to the original ANDA, and only valid in the United States Agency For a pre-determined inspection of the finished drug product's facility information. The Applicant can be introducing their Drug Product into the Market before the ANDA's Goal date of 8 months, according to the Pre-Submission Facility Correspondence. The submission type Original ANDA, PAS (Prior approval supplement), and PAS Amendment is based on prior review goal submission. The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approves PFC submission for a range of reasons, including drug product shortfalls, COVID-19 emergency dosage medication, Patent paragraph-IV (patent is invalid or will not be infringed), and market-availability of one RLD (Reference listed drug) and one generic. The complete submission process gone through the eCTD submission format from the ESG (Electronic Submission Gateway)

Buccal drug delivery system: A review

The buccal area of the oral mucosa provides an adorable channel of systemic medication distribution within the mouth mucosa. Drugs are delivered via oral mucosal layer, that has a higher first-pass metabolism and degrades gastrointestinal. The medication is immediately transmitted via the systemic circulation via the buccal drug delivery mechanism, which allows for painless administration, quick enzymatic action, high bioavailability, and reduced liver metabolism. The disadvantages of the oral drug delivery route include substantial presystemic metabolism, which causes medicines to a break down in an acidic environment due to poor absorption. Buccal delivery is an attractive administrative route due to its ease of delivery through the buccal mucosal membrane lining of the oral cavity. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the oral mucosa, mucoadhesion, variables influencing the whole process, assessment methodologies, and how to eliminate obstacles when formulating buccal drug delivery formulations

Nanobubbles: Fundamentals and recent drug delivery applications

The emerging branch in pharmaceutical sciences known as pharmaceutical nanotechnology presents new tools, opportunities and scope, which are expected to have significant applications, in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. There is a growing interest in nanobubble (NB) technology because of its wide range of potential applications in theranostics and targeted drug delivery including anticancer drug delivery, antibiotic delivery, gene delivery etc. Nanobubbles could offer several features in anticancer drug delivery, improving cellular uptake of chemotherapy drugs into cancer cell lines. Nanobubbles opened a new field of ultrasound imaging and were used as a diagnostic method. Generally, the delivery of drugs to organs and tissues is affected by two main ultrasound effects including the cavitation and sonoporation effects. This review describes the history of nanobubble, nomenclature, stability of nanobubble, physicochemical properties, characterization of nanobubble, method of preparation and applications. This article aims at highlighting the most recent and promising research trends including oxygen nanobubble, silica nanobubble and pluronicnanobubble and enlist the various drug delivery approaches involving the application of nanobubbles