Silica supported barium chloride (SiO2-BaCl2): efficient and heterogeneous catalyst for the environmentally friendly preparation of N,N'-alkylidene bisamides under solvent-free condition

A series of N,N'-alkylidene bisamides were prepared via a green and environmentally friendly synthetic protocol from the reaction of phenyl acetylene/1-Hexyne, aromatic aldehyde and benzamide/acetamide. Silica Supported Barium Chloride (SiO2-BaCl2) catalyzes the reaction. The prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction. The products were obtained with high conversion and yields

Aluminum tris(dihydrogen phosphate) [Al(H2PO4)3] as an efficient and heterogeneous catalyst for the environmentally friendly preparation of N,N'-alkylidene biscarbamates

A tri-component reaction of phenyl acetylene/1-Hexyne, aromatic aldehyde and benzyl/methyl carbamate. Aluminum tris(dihydrogen phosphate) [Al(H2PO4)3] has been described to establish different kinds N,N'-alkylidene biscarbamates. The corresponding N,N'-alkylidene biscarbamates have been obtained in good to excellent yields. The prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction. The products were obtained with high conversion and yields

Protective effect of Cortisone and Hydrocortisone drugs on lysosomal damages induced by bacteria endotoxin in wistar rats

Objectives: Bacterial endotoxin as biological stress by multiple organs failure causes lysosomal enzyme leakage. Lysosome as a basic cytoplasmic organelle in animal tissues contains hydrolytic enzymes capable of degrading various cellular constituents. In this study protective effect of Cortisone acetate and hydrocortisone 21-sodium hemisuccinate on lysosomal damage and its association with change level of serum and hepatic acid phosphatase activity investigated. Methods: In this study, 30 rats equally divided to Control, tolerance and Endotoxin groups. The tolerance group (12.5 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly injection Cortisone acetate for 3 days and on the 4th day, the intravenous injection 12.5 mg/kg of hydrocortisone 21-sodium hemisuccinate). The induce endotoxin shock in rats with 2.5 mg/kg body weight intravenous injection of Salmonella endotoxin. Partial purification and beta-glucuronidase activity were determined by sephadexG75 chromatography and Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis. Results: The results of this study shown a significant different in level serum and homogenate acid phosphatse activity in Tolerance group compared with the other groups (P<0.05). Also enzyme especial activity in all steps of purification, in Endotoxin group was more than the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Endotoxin shock as biological stressor by induction of lysosomal enzymes into the cell plays an important role in deterioration of cells. Also, it seems that protection of these particles by injection of cortisone acetate and hydrocortisone 21-sodium hemisuccinate can a significant resistance to induced stress by endotoxin shock

The Inhibitory Effect of KCN, NaN3 and some Bivalent Ions on Lipoxygenase Activity of the Purified Human Placental: Effect of bivalent ions on lipoxygenase activity

Lipoxygenase (LOX) catalyzes irreversible transfer of oxygen molecule to Arachidonic and Linoleic acid to produce 13 Hydroproxy Octadecadienoic acid. Recent studies showed that the involvement of Lipoxygenase products, leukotrienes, in inflammations and Lipoxygenase pathways acts as mediators of early inflammatory events in atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study is purification and characterization of Lipoxigenase from Human placental.For this aim, the human placental Lipoxigenase was extracted and purified by normal butanol, acetone, ammonium sulphate (30-80%), and gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-150. After purification and characterization of LOX, the in vitro inhibitory effect of KCN, NaN3 and some selected bivalent ions such as Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ were checked on the activity of purified LOX. Results showed that specific activity was 123.16 u/mg proteins and the yield of purification was 21.84 percent. Also, it was found that Co2+, Ni2+, KCN, and NaN3 at concentration of 20 mM had inhibitory effect on LOX activity and their inhibitory was 72.4, 58.2, 56.5 and 42.3% respectively. However, Cu2+ stimulated the lipoxygenase activity at the same concentration whereas Zn2+ has no significant effect on LOX activity. With respect to increase of LOX activity in the patient with cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer disease, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), artherogenesis, and also airway inflammation diseases, suggesting that LOX inhibition may have beneficial effects as a potential target to limit the severity of related symptoms of these diseases and therefore these inhibitors could be considered as an agent for decreasing the enzyme activity in association with the disease

A quantitative structure–retention relationship for the prediction of retention indices of the essential oils of Ammoides atlantica

A simple, descriptive and interpretable model, based on a quantitative structure–retention relationship (QSRR), was developed using the genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR) approach for the prediction of the retention indices (RI) of essential oil components. By molecular modeling, three significant descriptors related to the RI values of the essential oils were identified. A data set was selected consisting of the retention indices for 32 essential oil molecules with a range of more than 931 compounds. Then, a suitable set of the molecular descriptors was calculated and the important descriptors were selected with the aid of the genetic algorithm and multiple regression method. A model with a low prediction error and a good correlation coefficient was obtained. This model was used for the prediction of the RI values of some essential oil components which were not used in the modeling procedure

Investigation of respirable particulate matter pollutants on air-breathing zone workers in the Beam Rolling Mills Factory (Iran National Steel Industrial Group), Ahvaz, Iran

Workers of iron and steel factories are exposed to a wide range of pollutants depending on the particular process, the materials involved, the effectiveness of monitoring and the control measures. Adverse effects are determined by the physical state and propensities of the pollutant involved, the intensity and duration of the exposure, the extent of pollutant accumulation in the body and the sensitivity of the individual to its effects. The main aim of this study is to assess the levels of the indoor respirable particulate matter (RPM) and to compare the health condition of exposed workers, with nonexposed employees group. Line 630 has only one furnace of 40 tons and line 650 has two furnaces of 20 and 40 tons capacity due to which the mean of the RPM concentrations in the breathing zone was significantly different ( P < 0.05) in line 650 but not in line 630 as compared with National Institute for Occupational Safety and Hygiene′s (3 mg/m 3 ). The average of the RPM concentrations in production line 650 is higher than that of production line 630, with the 95% confidence interval in saw cabin station number 1 of production line 650