Phytoremediation performance of floating treatment wetlands with pelletized mine water sludge for synthetic greywater treatment

Buckets containing floating reed ( ) simulated floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) and were used to improve the remediation performance of synthetic greywater (SGW). The aim of the study was to investigate the behaviour of FTWs for treatment of key contaminants within artificial greywater. Pelletized ochre based on acid mine water sludge was introduced to selected FTWs, because of its capability in sequestration phosphorus and other trace elements. The impact of the following four operational variables were tested in the experimental set-ups of the FTWs (four replicates each): pollutant strength (high- (HC) and low- (LC) concentrations), treatment time (2- or 7-days of hydraulic retention time (HRT)), presence or absence of macrophytes ( ) and cement-ochre pellets. The results showed that 5 - day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demands (COD) were significantly (  < 0.05) reduced in all wetlands. Nitrate-nitrogen (NO -N) concentrations were significantly (  < 0.05) higher, and those measurements for PO -P were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the corresponding ones determined for the influent. The existence of ochre pellets with significantly (  < 0.05) decreased B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Ni and Zn concentrations, but increased Al, Ca, Fe and K concentrations in the effluent, with the exception of sodium (Na). The FTW performances can be improved by utilising ochre-cement pellets to increase the pH of greywater. The presence of acts as a buffer to neutralise the pH of SGW. Rhizomes and biofilms mitigate increases in turbidity, TSS and colour values. [Abstract copyright: © The Author(s) 2019.

Using Ultrasonic Wave to Study Modulus of Elasticity, Shear Modulus and Poissons's Ratio of Polymer Concrete.

The main aim of this study is assess the modulus of elasticity , shear modulus and Poissons's ratio of polymer concrete (PC).Polymer concrete is a composite material realized with resin and aggregates.The Unsaturated polyester composite  resin was used for binding the aggregates. The silica foam and  glass fibers were introduced in the composition as filler.Some mechanical properties of polymer concrete have been investigated, by non-destructive method. The experimental results of ultrasonic wave at 26 KHz test were correlated with, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus and Poissons's ratio. The fiber percentage and silica foam was constant, the unsaturated polyester resin and the Silica sand dosages were varied.The results showed that by increase the percentage of sand aggregate (%W) in all groups the Poissons's ratio,Pulse Velocity,Modulus of Elasticity and Shear Modulus are increased. Keywords: Shear Modulus, Polymer Concrete, Modulus of Elasticity, Poissons's ratio,Ultrasonic wave

Generalized β\beta-conformal change and special Finsler spaces

In this paper, we investigate the change of Finslr metrics $$L(x,y) \to\bar{L}(x,y) = f(e^{\sigma(x)}L(x,y),\beta(x,y)),$$ which we refer to as a generalized $\beta$-conformal change. Under this change, we study some special Finsler spaces, namely, quasi C-reducible, semi C-reducible, C-reducible, $C_2$-like, $S_3$-like and $S_4$-like Finsler spaces. We also obtain the transformation of the T-tensor under this change and study some interesting special cases. We then impose a certain condition on the generalized $\beta$-conformal change, which we call the b-condition, and investigate the geometric consequences of such condition. Finally, we give the conditions under which a generalized $\beta$-conformal change is projective and generalize some known results in the literature.Comment: References added, some modifications are performed, LateX file, 24 page

The Relationship between Performance Standards and Achieving the Objectives of Supervision at the Islamic University in Gaza

The aim of the research is to identify the relationship between the performance criteria and the achievement of the objectives of supervision which is represented in the performance of the job at the Islamic University in Gaza Strip. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach to collect information. The questionnaire consisted of (22) paragraphs distributed to three categories of employees of the Islamic University (senior management, faculty members, their assistants and members of the administrative board). A random sample of 314 employees was selected, 276 responses were retrieved with a return rate of 88.1%. The SPSS program was used to enter, process, and analyze the data. The results of the study showed a positive relationship between the performance criteria and the achievement of the control objectives represented by the job performance in the Islamic University from the point of view of the members (senior management, faculty and their assistants and the administrative board). The researchers also recommended a number of recommendations, including the provision of an appropriate level of control system components today through the continuous updating and development of performance standards and the need to provide the necessary physical and financial resources to continue the development and achievement within the university. Expand the development of technology in the various activities of the university through the construction of a complete and integrated system to support the control systems in the university to suit its size. The researchers also recommended the follow-up, review of the performance standards and work to modify them in line with the mission of the university and the goals that the university seeks to reach

The Role of Measuring and Evaluating Performance in Achieving Control Objectives- Case Study of "Islamic University"

The study aimed to identify the role of measuring and evaluating performance in achieving the objectives of control and the performance of the job at the Islamic University in Gaza Strip. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach to collect information which is the questionnaire that consisted of (22) phrases were distributed to three categories of employees of the Islamic University (Faculty Members and Their Assistants, Members of the Administrative Board, Senior Management). A random sample of (314) employees was selected and 276 responses were retrieved with a recovery rate of 88.1%. The Statistical Analysis Program (SPSS) was used to enter process and analyze the data. The results of the research showed a positive role between measuring and evaluating the performance and achieving the objectives of the control of performance in the Islamic University from the point of view of the members (senior management, faculty and their assistants, and members of administrative board). The researchers also recommended a number of recommendations, most notably the provision of an appropriate level of the elements of the control systems today through the modernization and continuous development of performance measures and the need to provide the physical and financial resources necessary to continue the development and achievement within the university, to expand the development of technology in the various activities of the university through the construction of a complete and integrated system to support supervision systems in the university to suit the size of the university. The researchers also recommended following up and reviewing the performance measures and work to modify them in line with the mission and the goals of the university that it seeks to reach

The Relationship between Correcting Deviations in Measuring Performance and Achieving the Objectives of Control - The Islamic University as a Model

The study aimed to identify the relationship between correcting the deviations in the measurement of performance and achieving the objectives of control and the performance of the job at the Islamic University in the Gaza Strip. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach to collect information. The questionnaire consisted of (20) statements distributed to three categories of employees of the Islamic University (senior management, faculty members, their assistants and members of the administrative board). A random sample of 314 employees was selected and 276 responses were retrieved with a recovery rate of 88.1%. The Statistical Analysis Program (SPSS) was used to enter, process, and analyze the data. The results of the study showed a positive relationship between correcting deviations in performance measurement and achieving the control objectives represented by the functional performance in the Islamic University from the point of view of the members (senior management, faculty and their assistants, and the administrative board), where the relative weight of all the paragraphs was (74.25%). The study recommended the need to ensure that the actual performance of the planned performance is matched and decisions are taken to correct the serious deviations and take the necessary measures in terms of retraining and change in regulations, wages and bonuses and punishment of the culprit, neglect and negligence by mistake

Dinitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria in Microbial Mats of Two Shallow Coral Reef Ecosystems

Dinitrogen-fixing organisms in cyanobacterial mats were studied in two shallow coral reef ecosystems: La Reunion Island, southwestern Indian Ocean, Sesoko (Okinawa) Island, and northwestern Pacific Ocean. Rapidly expanding benthic miniblooms, frequently dominated by a single cyanobacterial taxon, were identified by microscopy and molecular tools. In addition, nitrogenase activity by these blooms was measured in situ. Dinitrogen fixation and its contribution to mat primary production were calculated using 15N2 and 13C methods. Dinitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria from mats in La Reunion and Sesoko showed few differences in taxonomic composition. Anabaena sp. among heterocystous and Hydrocoleum majus and Symploca hydnoides among nonheterocystous cyanobacteria occurred in microbial mats of both sites. Oscillatoria bonnemaisonii and Leptolyngbya spp. occurred only in La Reunion, whereas Hydrocoleum coccineum dominated in Sesoko. Other mats dominated by Hydrocoleum lyngbyaceum, Phormidium laysanense, and Trichocoleus tenerrimus occurred at lower frequencies. The 24-h nitrogenase activity, as measured by acetylene reduction, varied between 11 and 324 nmoles C2H2 reduced µg−1 Chl a. The highest values were achieved by heterocystous Anabaena sp. performed mostly during the day. Highest values for nonheterocystous cyanobacteria were achieved by H. coccineum mostly during the night. Daily nitrogen fixation varied from nine (Leptolyngbya) to 238 nmoles N2µg−1 Chl day−1 (H. coccineum). Primary production rates ranged from 1,321 (S. hydnoides) to 9,933 nmoles C µg−1 Chl day−1 (H. coccineum). Dinitrogen fixation satisfied between 5% and 21% of the nitrogen required for primary production.Ocean Development Sub-Committee of France–Japan S&T Cooperation; Mitsubishi cooperation; The Ministry of Education, Science, Sport, and Culture of Japan; Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg; Delmenhorst and Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation; Bad Godesberg; Germany supported collaborative research on cyanobacterial diversit

Al-Quran ontology based on knowledge themes

Islamic knowledge is gathered through the understanding the Al-Quran.It requires ontology which can capture the knowledge and present it in a machine readable structured However, current ontology approaches is irrelevant and inaccuracy in producing true concepts of Al-Quran knowledge, because it used traditional methods that only define the concepts of knowledge without connecting to a related theme of knowledge.The themes of knowledge are important to provide true meaning and explanation of Al-Quran knowledge classification.The main aims of this paper are to demonstrate the development of ontology Al-Quran and method used for searching the Al-Quran knowledge using the semantic search approach. Expert review has been applied to validate the ontology model and evaluate the relevance and precision of searching results

Impact of storage time on characteristics of synthetic greywater for two different pollutant strengths to be treated or recycled

Storage of greywater is controversial for environmental and health reasons. Artificial greywater was assessed after 2 and 7 days of storage time. Two different greywater pollutant strengths were statistically compared at each storage time. A negative significant (p < 0.05) correlation was evident with increasing storage time for the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand for more than 2 days. However, the concentrations of 5-day biochemical oxygen and chemical oxygen demands reduced significantly at 2 days of storage when compared with freshly prepared greywater. Biodegradability (5-day biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand ratio) decreased significantly after storage to between 0.14 and 0.39. The nitrification process was improved significantly with increasing storage time concerning low strength greywater with a significant increase in the removal of ammonia-nitrogen and a non-significant decrease in the removal of nitrate-nitrogen. The correlation was significantly positive between ammonia-nitrogen and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand for stored greywater, while it was significantly negative between total suspended solids and both 5-day biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen. Significant reductions in colour, total suspended solids and turbidity were correlated positively with storage time. Precipitation of dissolved metals was suspected to occur in storing greywater by binding the inorganic components with the sediment and collide surfaces through adsorption, allowing a significant drop in concentrations of dissolved and undissolved metals with increasing storage time through sedimentation. Synthetic greywater of low mineral pollution had significantly higher removals for almost all concentrations compared with those for high concentrations. More advanced technologies for high trace element removal are required