Historical delta(15) N records of Saccharina specimens from oligotrophic waters of Japan Sea (Hokkaido)

Historically Saccharina spp. beds occurred along the west coast of Hokkaido, an oligotrophic area, and were commercially exploited. Currently extensive commercial Saccharina spp. beds do not form due to nutrient limitations. Here, we postulate that nutrients assimilated by paleo-Saccharina spp. beds may have been derived from spawning herrings (Clupea pallasii) acting as organisms that formed a vector from their feeding grounds (Okhotsk Sea and Pacific Ocean) to their spawning area (west coast of Hokkaido, Japan Sea). To test this hypothesis we examined stable nitrogen isotope ratios (delta N-15) of 100-to 135-year-old Saccharina specimens preserved at the Herbarium (Hokkaido University Museum). delta(15) N values of the paleo-Saccharina specimens collected from this region were in the range of 10%, which is significantly higher than the current 3-7% in freshly sampled Saccharina spp. This high delta(15) N indicates that spawning herring (Clupea pallasii) had potentially been a significant source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) absorbed by Saccharina, acting as an organism forming a vector for transporting nutrients from eutrophic to oligotrophic coastal ecosystems. Our findings support the hypothesis of so-called "herring-derived nutrients

フランソワ・トリュフォー論 : 批評、虚構、反映画

関西学院大

Les arrêts sur image dans Jules et Jim de Truffaut <Articles>

François Truffaut est l'un des principaux réalisateurs de la Nouvelle Vague émergée à la fin des années 1950 en France qui a réalisé des oeuvres inspirées de son enfance et de ses histoires d'amour. Cet essai a pour but d'étudier le rythme cinématographique créé par les arrêts sur image particuliers dans jules et Jim (1961), le troisième long métrage de Truffaut. Premièrement, je me focalise sur les arrêts sur image répétitifs qui font partie des différents types d'arrêt sur image utilisés dans les oeuvres de Truffaut et je constate leur originalité. Deuxièmement, en me référant aux idées d'André Bazin sur le réalisme, je signale que ces arrêts sur image paraissent anti-cinématographiques. Troisièmement, en me référant aux idées de Léon Moussinac, je considère la vigueur des images qui ne se reflète pas sur l'histoire même dans les oeuvres de Truffaut. A travers ces réflexions, je tente démontrer que le rythme cinématographique de Truffaut, qui peut être considéré comme anti-cinématographique selon les idées d'André Bazin mais qui correspond en réalité non seulement au rythme intérieur mais également au rythme extérieur, était un défi lancé par Truffaut lui-même à la recherche de nouvelles possibilités cinématographiques

フランソワ・トリュフォー論－批評、虚構、反映画

関西学院大

Incidence, risk factors, and dose-volume relationship of radiation-induced rib fractureafter carbon ion radiotherapy for lung cancer.

学位記番号：医博甲1573

Use of FDG-PET in Radiation Treatment Planning for Thoracic Cancers

Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment for thoracic cancers. Accurate diagnosis is essential to correctly perform curative radiotherapy. Tumor delineation is also important to prevent geographic misses in radiotherapy planning. Currently, planning is based on computed tomography (CT) imaging when radiation oncologists manually contour the tumor, and this practice often induces interobserver variability. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has been reported to enable accurate staging and detect tumor extension in several thoracic cancers, such as lung cancer and esophageal cancer. FDG-PET imaging has many potential advantages in radiotherapy planning for these cancers, because it can add biological information to conventional anatomical images and decrease the inter-observer variability. FDG-PET improves radiotherapy volume and enables dose escalation without causing severe side effects, especially in lung cancer patients. The main advantage of FDG-PET for esophageal cancer patients is the detection of unrecognized lymph node or distal metastases. However, automatic delineation by FDG-PET is still controversial in these tumors, despite the initial expectations. We will review the role of FDG-PET in radiotherapy for thoracic cancers, including lung cancer and esophageal cancer

ナカヒラ コウ クルッタ カジツ サイコウ

学術論