Insulin Receptor in Pancreatic Cancer-Crown Witness in Cross Examination

Background The proximity of pancreatic cancer (PDAC) to the physiological source of the growth promoting hormone insulin might be exploited by this highly malignant cancer entity. We investigated if (I) PDACs express the insulin receptor (IR) in cancer cells and cancer vasculature, (II) if IR correlates with clinicopathological patient characteristics, including survival, and hence is involved in PDAC biology, (III) if IR is already expressed in precursor lesions, if (IV) the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) is associated with clinicopathological patient characteristics and survival and (V) is linked to IR expression. Methods 160 PDAC samples were examined for IR and IGF1R expression by immunohistochemistry. A modified HistoScore was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival. Results IR overexpression was already observed in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Furthermore, it was more frequently observed in advanced disease and associated with distant metastasis, UICC stage, lymphatic invasion and an increased lymph node ratio, but without impacting survival in the end. IGF1R expression was not associated with clinicopathological parameters or survival, in contrast to former paradigms. Conclusions We hypothesize that the close proximity to the pancreatic islets might be advantageous for cancer growth at first, but it experiences self-limitation due to surgical removal or local destruction following accelerated cancer growth

Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Pancreas in a Pregnant Woman Presenting with Severe Anemia and Gastric Bleeding: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are uncommon and especially their occurrence during pregnancy is an extremely rare event which necessitates an individualized and interdisciplinary management. A 33-year old woman was referred to our department during her third trimester of pregnancy (34th week of gestation) with severe anemia and tarry stools. Based on gastroscopic findings, our interdisciplinary team suspected a gastrointestinal stromal tumor and therefore indicated a prompt delivery via cesarean section completed with an oncological resection of the neoplasm. Histological examination subsequently showed a mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas with no evidence of malignancy. To review the prevalence of mucinous cystic neoplasms and to discuss diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy. Moreover, we critically value the indication of preterm delivery and the oncological procedure in the perspective of outcome for mother and infant. A bleeding gastrointestinal tumor during pregnancy represents a life-threatening risk for mother and infant and requires an immediate interdisciplinary treatment. The urgency and radicality of the therapy should be adapted according to individual findings. As our patient's tumor was suspected of having a malignant progression, an extensive surgical intervention was necessary

Demografinių veiksnių poveikis juntamai rizikai internete ir ketinimui naudotis mobiliosios bankininkystės paslauga

The main purpose of this research paper is to investigate how demographic factors impact per- ceived risks online and intention to use mobile banking. For conducting this paper, several aca- demic papers have been reviewed. In order to conduct research, the research model developed by Makhitha & Ngboeni (2021) was applied as a reference. The first part of the paper is about the literature review of mobile banking, perceived risks and demographic factors. The second part of the paper contains empirical analysis which was conducted based on a collected data by the survey

The dynamic relationship between oil prices, emerging market stock prices, and the US dollar index after the 2008 financial crisis.

There are several factors that drive oil prices. For example, speculations, supply, demand, reserves, inventory, exchange market, stock market are fundamental indicators that affect it. Although various works are already considered the related relationship between oil prices and stock prices, and separate literature on the relationship between oil prices and exchange rates, however, not been that closely studied, especially within the context of emerging market stock prices. The central goal of this paper is to analyze the period after financial crises by using a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model to bring these two works of literature together and to see how the indicators reacted after 2008. The model based on the paper which analyses the same indicators for the 1988-2008 years

Primer Düşük Dereceli İntratestiküler Leiomyosarkom: Olgu Sunumu ve Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi

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