Exposure to cigarette smoke condensate and its impact on human gingival fibroblast: mechanisms of molecular pathways involved in survival/apoptosis

Notre objectif est d'étudier les effets de la fumée de cigarette (FC) sur les fibroblastes gingivaux humains. Nos travaux démontrent que FC réduit la viabilité cellulaire cellules vivantes par le biais de la voie apoptotique/nécrotique. Une analyse génomique a montré une surexpression significative de plusieurs gènes dont les gènes de Bax, récepteurs du TNF et caspases; mais une régulation des gènes Lymphotoxin alpha, BCLA1 et BIRC3. Une analyse protéique montant une augmentation des protéines Bax et p53 et de la caspase -3 confirmant l’effet nocif du FC biais un mécanisme apoptotique/nécrotique. Une exposition répétée au FC pendant de courtes périodes, favorise la prolifération cellulaire en augmentant l'activité de la télomérase. En conclusion, ces résultats démontrent qu’à hautes doses la FC est toxique mais à faibles doses la FC provoque une surcroissance cellulaire qui pourrait contribuer au développement des maladies parodontales et des caries

The Efficacy of Ringer lactate and Sublingual Nitrates vs Indomethacin to Reduce Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Review Article

Background: Inflammation in pancreas usually happens as a complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in 16% from patients. Many studies confirmed this incidence rate of pancreatitis. Some special intervention pre-, post-operative and also during may decrease the incidence rate of pancreatitis after cholangiopancreatography, as well as mortality rate. Proper history taking and physical examination about risk factors of procedure related risks may help in determining the proper patients. Most post-endoscopy pancreatitis (PEP) complications are mild to moderate inflammation only. The defined pathophysiology of PEP is initially damaged activation of drainage of duct of pancreas which secrets phospholipase A2, then prostaglandin, and prostacyclin then finally, ischemic attack for pancreatic cells. Objectives: This study aimed to compare between the efficacy of Ringer lactate and sublingual nitrates vs indomethacin to reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis Methods: The databases were searched for articles published in English in 3 data bases [PubMed, Google scholar and science direct]. Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (and, or, not) had been used such as [Ringer lactate and sublingual nitrates vs indomethacin] and in peer-reviewed articles between January 2008 and October 2020. Results: There’re some pharmaceutical actions using pharmacological agentsthat may help in preventing post-operative or after endoscope inflammation of pancreas. Latest information suggested ringer lactate and sublingual nitrates to decrease the danger of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (post-ERCP) in vulnerable group. Another data added that pancreatic stents may benefit in preventing this problem. Conclusion: A blend of ringer lactate with sublingual nitrate is substantially more effective compared to indomethacin without help from anyone else in view of the assurance against pancreatitis following ERCP

Examining the Effectiveness of Using Video Modeling on Increasing Positive Social Interaction in Academic Settings in Students with Learning Disabilities in Saudi Arabia

Video Modeling (VM) is a widely used intervention strategy to promote academic learning and positive social interactions in children with disabilities by watching a video clip modeled by a peer (peers) demonstrating the desired behavior. Limited research has been conducted on this topic to examine VM’s effectiveness on promoting positive social interactions in academic settings involving children with learning disabilities (LD). This study employed a single subject research design, specifically, a multiple baseline across participant design, to fill the void in the literature. The researcher invited three elementary students between 4th to 6th grade who met the inclusion criteria to participate in this study. The results of the study showed that VM is effective in promoting positive social interaction in academic settings in individuals with LD, in the context of Saudi Arabia

Single Balloon Enteroscopy Versus Push Enteroscopy for Small Bowel Bleeding Assessment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Until recently, the small bowel was considered to be inaccessible using conventional endoscopy techniques. In 2001, the balloon enteroscopy system to examine the small bowel was introduced. Single balloon enteroscopy versus push enteroscopy for small bowel diagnostics are 2 types of commonly used balloon-assisted enteroscopic techniques for "deep enteroscopy. Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of single balloon enteroscopy versus push enteroscopy for small bowel bleeding assessment. Methods: A systematic search strategy was performed to determine the related literature. Initially, the objectives of review were identified: specifically, impact of single balloon enteroscopy vs push enteroscopy for small bowel diseases. These databases were searched for articles published in English in data bases [Pubmed – Google Scholar- Science direct] and Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) had been used such as [Impact AND Single Balloon AND Push AND Small Bowel OR GIT] and in peer-reviewed articles between 2000 and 2021. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis indicated that both single balloon technique and push enteroscopy techniques are safe procedures with rare complications, with the single balloon technique having higher diagnostic and therapeutic yields compared with the push technique

Effectiveness of Qualitative Research Methods: Interviews and Diaries

The present study aims to explore the effectiveness of qualitative research methods. The qualitative research method has been opted after a thorough literature examination. The concept of triangulation and the process of multi-method qualitative research on error correction and students’ motivation were also examined. The results discovered more about the participants as he or she reads their diaries containing their detailed opinions and feelings. Subjectivity is another remarkable feature of diaries for learners to improve their writing skills and to use diverse vocabulary to express their views and emotions. Reviewing the information within a diary helps people to judge their behaviour and others, towards certain events. It was depicted that the triangulation method assists to have a more in-depth understanding of the recorded entries in the diaries by using semi-structured interviews. Both approaches were found to comprise of advantages and disadvantage, where the selection is based on the nature of the study and the understanding of the researcher. The results of the present study help guide the researcher in determining the specific choice of study

Biological and Behavioural Markers of Parkinson’s Disease

Today, upwards of 10 million people—approximately 9 500 of whom reside in New Zealand—are living with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Yet, the means of diagnosing PD remain somewhat similar to those available to James Parkinson in 1817. Recently, however, there has been an increasing interest in the role of biomarkers in PD; these, in turn, are hoped to provide the necessary means by which PD can be diagnosed earlier, treated better and—ultimately—altogether prevented and/or cured. Given the multifaceted nature of the aetiology underlying PD, a “multi-system” approach to biomarkers is more likely to yield fruitful results. Thus, the overarching aim of this study was to explore several biomarkers (within two realms—biological and behavioural) that may be used at different time-points as the disease progresses. In the biological markers trials, biofluid samples (i.e., cerebrospinal fluid ‘CSF’ and plasma) were obtained from 11 patients with PD. Analyses of these samples did not detect any blackcurrant anthocyanins either before or after oral supplementation with blackcurrant concentrate for four weeks. Consumption of blackcurrant concentrate, however, significantly increased the CSF concentration of cyclic glycine-proline. This led to the hypothesis of an indirect mechanism underlying the putative benefit of berry-fruit consumption on the risk of developing PD—perhaps through modulating the peripheral resistance to insulinlike growth factor-1 otherwise observed in patients with PD. CSF concentrations of the aminoterminal fragment of C-type natriuretic peptide were significantly lower in PD patients than the reported range from a group of pre-operative orthopaedic patients. Finally, the obtained samples were utilised to characterise the profile of exosomes present in the CSF and plasma of PD patients. The three patients with the highest plasma exosome concentrations also had the lowest scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The behavioural markers study investigated biomarkers in patients with established PD—a stage when cognition may become involved. The emphasis was to obtain an in-depth evaluation of novel eye movement-performance associations. In general, no remarkable differences in eye movement parameters were noted among the three study groups (n = 16 per group): PD with normal cognition (PDN), PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and matched controls (NC) in natural and laboratory-based neuropsychological tasks. This indicates a relatively preserved organisation of neuropsychological task performance as evident from eye movements among the participants. In addition, some insights into human behaviour on several tasks were gained. In the animal naming task, participants from all three groups tended to fixate on the animal’s head in order to name it. Participants also fixated on the distal ends of lines when attempting the Judgement of Line Orientation task. PD-MCI participants were found to make significantly more vertical saccades when searching the Where’s Wally?™ Maze task in comparison with NC and PD-N participants. On the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, PD-MCI participants scored significantly lower than NC and PDN participants. Finally, task organisation of the tea-making task was mostly consistent among the study participants; PD participants (of both groups) executed the task significantly slower than NC participants. Given the relatively small sample sizes, an exploratory approach was generally taken. To gain confidence in the results of individual findings, further research ought to be carried out in order to exclude the possibility of sampling variability accounting for the reported observations

Sufficient conditions to solve two systems of integral equations via fixed point results

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study the solution of two systems of nonlinear integral equations via fixed point results in a complete dislocated b-metric space. Also the notion of graphic contractions on a closed set for two families of graph dominated multivalued mappings is introduced. Our results generalize some previous results in the existing literature

Fog based Secure Framework for Personal Health Records Systems

The rapid development of personal health records (PHR) systems enables an individual to collect, create, store and share his PHR to authorized entities. Health care systems within the smart city environment require a patient to share his PRH data with a multitude of institutions' repositories located in the cloud. The cloud computing paradigm cannot meet such a massive transformative healthcare systems due to drawbacks including network latency, scalability and bandwidth. Fog computing relieves the burden of conventional cloud computing by availing intermediate fog nodes between the end users and the remote servers. Aiming at a massive demand of PHR data within a ubiquitous smart city, we propose a secure and fog assisted framework for PHR systems to address security, access control and privacy concerns. Built under a fog-based architecture, the proposed framework makes use of efficient key exchange protocol coupled with ciphertext attribute based encryption (CP-ABE) to guarantee confidentiality and fine-grained access control within the system respectively. We also make use of digital signature combined with CP-ABE to ensure the system authentication and users privacy. We provide the analysis of the proposed framework in terms of security and performance.Comment: 12 pages (CMC Journal, Tech Science Press

Integrated-system to minimizing cyber harassment in kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

The proposed system framework consists two main databases: Lexicon dictionary and Summarized previous cases, by depending on Sentiment analysis and N-Gram algorithms to match the terms and documents. In the first branch, the judge opens the cyber case and therefore the system will highlight the technical terms automatically. Furthermore, the technical terms matched with Lexicon dictionary will be highlighted. After that, the judge opens the highlighted terms (as links), and description page will be appeared. The description page contains details about the technical terms (definitions, explanations, examples, etc). On the other side, the second branch aims to retrieve the related legal cases (from the database) judged by courts in UK and KSA. The related cases are the most closed cases to the current legal case by inserting keywords based on the current case. The judge benefits from these cases through the judgment issued to give the fair judgment. N-gram algorithm is used to find the related cases because it has smart approach to expect the most closed document and texts. The system provides the judge with laws used in issuing the judgment in KSA and UK courts