Kesan Saliniti dan Keamatan Cahaya ke atas Pertumbuhan Chiorella virginica

A study on the effects of salinity and light intensity on the growth of Chlorella virginica was conducted in an environmental control room at a temperature of 22 ±;Pc. Salinities were set at 15 ppt, 20 ppt, 25 ppt and 30 ppt while light intensities were at 1140 lux, 2260 lux and 3040 lux. The effect of salinity and light intensity was found to be significantly different (P <0. 01 - 0.05). Optimum salinity for the growth of Chlorella virginica was at 15 ppt whilst optimum light intensity was at 3040 lux. Interaction between salinity and light intensity was also significantly different (P <0.01 - 0.05) whereby maximum growth (39375 cells/pJ) was obtained at a salinity of 15 ppt and light intensity of 3040 lux

GIS implementation in Malaysian statutory development plan system

The chapter presents the current state of GIS implementation in Malaysian development plan system. It offers an overview of GIS implementation worldwide, touching briefly on the history of GIS, planners’ early acceptance of the system, factors that promote GIS implementation, level of usage among planners, and factors that impede successful GIS implementation. At the end, the chapter provides a comparison between the state of GIS implementation in Malaysian statutory development plan system with the state of GIS implementation worldwide. The evidence was derived from three main sources: literature, empirical observation of GIS implementation in Malaysia, and a survey conducted in 2008

Remote sensing in urban sprawl modeling: Scenario and way forward in developing countries

In recent years, the developing countries was deal the use of computer based models of land use changes and urban sprawl which have greatly increased and tend to become important tools in supporting urban planning and management. The modeling recently used in various planning specialization such as economics, transportation, spatial planning, urbanization, ecology, and other social science aspects. However, modeling sprawl phenomena which convergence to remote sensing data has not fully demonstrated lack of common ground and testable concepts. Remote sensing data products have often been incorporated into urban modeling applications as additional sources of spatial data primarily for historical land use history. The objectives of this study to identify recent scenario and way forward of remote sensing tools in urban sprawl modeling based on reviewed of previously studied and urban planning situation in developing countries and Malaysia contexts specificall

Prioritization Of The Indicators And Sub-Indicators Of Maqasid Al-Shariah In Measuring Liveability Of Cities

Opinions were sought from a panel of two groups of Malaysian experts, i.e., the urban planners and the Maqasid al-Shariah scholars with the aim of developing an evaluation model via identifying and ranking the Maqasid indicators and sub-indicators for liveability and quality of life in cities. The measurement takes off with the Dharuriyyat (essentials or necessities) dimension of the Maqasid al-Shariah principles based on Al-Shatibi’s School of maslahah which targets public interests and benefits living in cities. This is supported by Ibn Ashur and contemporarily by Yusuf al-Qaradhawi who emphasise on harmony, justice and global peace. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used as a main method to prioritise the indicators and sub-indicators. The AHP results indicate that religion, life, intellect, lineage and wealth are in descending order of importance, similar to the priorities of the classic Maqasid al-Shariah doctrine. However, the sub-indicators are ranked in terms of priorities based on the consensus of the urban planners and maqasid practitioners which ultimately form the Islamic liveability measurement for cities

3D building modelling reconstruction for sustainable safeguarding native Malay urban architectural in Malaysia

Documentary works through the three dimensional reconstruction are the key part of our documentation system for cultural heritage conservation. It preserve and safeguarding all the visual information in order to provide access to future generations is at the core of the work of libraries globally. This paper attempt to reconstruct 3D GIS modelling for an indigenous Malay cities based on urban traditional settlement urban forms element known as building. Four building aspects of Malay settlements have been demonstrated at the selected genuine old traditional Malay settlement located at Kota Bahru Malaysia. 3D building Modelling has been performed based on building footprint that has been obtained from the data collected through integration of photogrammetry and GIS approach. The process of reconstruction animated urban features based on four main building aspects consist of height, surface, façade and location of the Malay settlements. The finding shows that, the elements of urban form based on building aspects has been proven as a part of basic fundamental to recognize the pattern of native Malay urban architectural and its clearly proven through the 3D GIS Modelling reconstruction that has been performed through both approached of drone and laser scanning data processing. This work in other way shows the effectiveness of geospatial data in safeguarding our cultural heritage simultaneously supporting the mission of sustainable goals developments in local and global

Intimidad Histórica en las Configuraciones de los Núcleos Urbanos Malayos: Un Análisis Comparativo

This paper analyses the historical pre-Colonial configurations of a series of urban cores in Malay sites along the Straits of Melaka. The objective of this research is to identify the pattern and variations of each pre-Colonial royal urban core from the perspective of urban design principle such as “intimacy” and “walkability,” which can affect in a long term sustainable parameters such as the reduction of “urban heat island”. This traditional character is increasingly disappearing due to urbanisation. There is a difficulty to reconstruct the urban core of these case studies because of their past layouts’ degree of organic character, particularly in terms of randomness. This paper argues that such configurations reflect the degree of “intimacy,” which was ruptured during the Colonial eras. Patterns were identified using available maps and lithography related to the case studies. The findings indicate that the Malay royal urban core does obey the urban design principles of intimacy and walkability. The “intimacy indices” for a historical Malay city are as follow: distance from palace to mosque (170 metre), padang/open spaces (130 metre), settlement (310 metre), market (195 metre), and aristocrat houses (60 metre). This finding can be used to inform the baseline for the preparation of the Malay principles guidelines.Este artículo se centra en el análisis de las configuraciones precoloniales históricas de una serie de núcleos urbanos en localizaciones malayas a lo largo del estrecho de Malaca. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el patrón y las variaciones de cada ciudad real precolonial desde la perspectiva de principios del diseño urbano como “intimidad” y “viabilidad peatonal”, que pueden afectar y reducir parámetros de sostenimiento a largo plazo en ciudades tropicales como el “efecto insular de calentamiento urbano”. Mientras este carácter tradicional desaparece progresivamente debido a la urbanización moderna, la dificultad está relacionada con el grado de carácter orgánico o aleatoriedad en el plano pasado de estos núcleos urbanos tradicionales. Se argumenta que tales configuraciones reflejan un grado de “intimidad” que fue quebrado durante el periodo colonial. El principal resultado es que la ciudad real malaya obedece al principio de diseño urbano de una “intimidad” y “viabilidad peatonal”. Los “índices de intimidad” para la ciudad histórica malaya son los siguientes: distancia del palacio a Masjid (170 metros), Padang/espacios abiertos (130 metros), asentamiento (310 metros), mercado (210 metros) y casas aristocráticas (60 metros). Estos descubrimientos pueden ser usados como referencia para la preparación de las principales guías malayas

Influence of Machine Feed Rate in WEDM of Titanium Ti-6Al-4V with Constant Current (6A) Using Brass Wire

AbstractWire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) technology is extensively used in the field of medical, mould making, aerospace and automobile industries. Improper electrical parameters settings can affect the processing efficiency and surface roughness due to arcing phenomenon that lead by discharge point of focus. Objective of the paper is to uncover the influence of three different machine rates which are 2mm/min, 4mm/min and 6mm/min with constant current (6A) with WEDM of Titanium Ti-6Al-4V. The effects of different process parameters on the kerf width, material removal rate, surface roughness and surface topography are also discussed. The best combination of machining parameter viz. machine feed rate (4mm/min), wire speed (8 m/min), wire tension (1.4kg) and voltage (60V) were identified. The paper highlights the importance of process parameters and different machining conditions on kerf width, MRR, surface roughness (Ra) and surface topography

A conceptual framework of Maqasidic human wellbeing index

Amongst the 57 members of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) countries, Malaysia was rated as number one in the Islamicity Index, Islamic Index of Wellbeing and Global Muslim Travel Index studies. In Malaysia, the Institute of Islamic Understanding Malaysia (IKIM), Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM), and the Institute of Community and Peace Studies (PEKKA) have also published their own Islamic-oriented wellbeing indexes. However, these Indexes lack the integration of Maqasid al-Shari’ah (the objectives of Islamic laws) concept, which is based on the preservation of five essentials namely faith, self, intellect, posterity and property. Hence, to address this gap, this study proposes a conceptual framework of human wellbeing index in the context of Maqasid al-Shari’ah. This study is exploratory in nature employing rigorous library research and content analysis technique. The three basic principles of Iman (faith), Islam (submission) and Ihsan (benevolence) are discussed in relation to the five essentials of Maqasid al-Shari’ah. Their application at the three levels of the social structure i.e. individual, family and community is elaborated to establish a maqasidic approach for human wellbeing. This approach is then linked to the five established themes of human wellbeing domains notably politics and governance, economy, social and culture, environment, and infrastructure. Finally, a conceptual framework of human wellbeing index is proposed to provide the maqasidic foundation for the measurement of human wellbeing