Preliminary Design of Blade and Disc Fixing for Aerospace Application using Multi-Disciplinary Approach

The preliminary design phase of a turbine rotor has an important impact on the architecture of a new engine definition, as it sets the technical envelope of the product to be designed. Additionally, preliminary design cycle times are increasingly critical in capturing business opportunities in an ever competitive environment. Improving the accuracy of the preliminary design (pre-detailed design) is also necessary as not only does it significantly reduce the overall development of an engine, but also because any mistakes made at this stage can be extremely hard to rectify. Previously, typical pre-detail fixing design cycle time was greater due to the lack of communication between specialist owned and built software and non-optimized data management. This paper presents a way to change that by detailing a single platform Design and Analysis tool for the fixing as part of a larger pre-detailed design tool. The fixing tool created allows the user, through a single graphical user interface, to design and analyze a fixing using tools for each discipline through the integration of C.A.D. & F.E.A running in batch mode. Apart from significantly reducing design cycle time, the fixing tool is also seeking to improve the quality of the fixings and is extremely user friendly as it provides the design engineer all the information he would need for the pre-detailed design of a fixing at his finger tips

Ultrahigh Enhancement of Electromagnetic Fields by Exciting Localized with Extended Surface Plasmons

Excitation of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) of metal nanoparticles (NPs) residing on a flat metal film has attracted great attentions recently due to the enhanced electromagnetic (EM) fields found to be higher than the case of NPs on a dielectric substrate. In the present work, it is shown that even much higher enhancement of EM fields is obtained by exciting the LSPs through extended surface plasmons (ESPs) generated at the metallic film surface using the Kretschmann-Raether configuration. We show that the largest EM field enhancement and the highest surface-enhanced fluorescence intensity are obtained when the incidence angle is the ESP resonance angle of the underlying metal film. The finite-difference time-domain simulations indicate that excitation of LSPs using ESPs can generate 1-3 orders higher EM field intensity than direct excitation of the LSPs using incidence from free space. The ultrahigh enhancement is attributed to the strong confinement of the ESP waves in the vertical direction. The drastically intensified EM fields are significant for highly-sensitive refractive index sensing, surface-enhanced spectroscopies, and enhancing the efficiency of optoelectronic devices.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures and supplimentary informatio

KREDIT ONLINE MELALUI TEKNOLOGI FINANSIAL MENURUT PERATURAN OJK NOMOR 77/POJK.01/2016

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah pengaturan hukum terhadap kredit online dan bagaimanakah perlindungan hukum terhadap korban kredit online di mana dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif disimpulkan: 1. Financial Technology (Fintech) yang berkembang pesat telah berpengaruh besar terhadap institusi keuangan, khususnya perbankan karena kegiatan usaha fintech yang berbasis teknologi informasi semakin memudahkan hubungannya dengan calon nasabah, semakin cepat proses pencairan pinjaman atau kredit sebab dilaksanakan secara online, bahkan antara fintech dengan calon nasabah tidak perlu bertatap muka secara langsung. 2. Fintech yang menyelenggarakan kredit online semakin bermasalah, oleh karena statusnya yang tidak jelas, tidak terdaftar serta tidak memiliki izin dari Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (Fintech illegal). Sejumlah masalahnya antara lain dalam cara penagihan angsuran kredit, besaran bunga kredit, status hukum perusahaan beserta alamatnya tidak jelas dan lain-lainnya.Kata kunci: teknologi finansial; kredit online

Incidence and Types of Medication Errors in the Management of Inpatients with Chronic Cardiac Failure at Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es Salaam

Chronic cardiac failure (CCF) is one of the major causes of high morbidity and mortality in Tanzania. Patients with CCF often have other diseases and require adequate multiple drug treatment, which is important for optimum prognosis. Medication error (ME) is a common problem facing hospitals both in developed and developing countries. The likelihood of ME to occur during the management of CCF is high due to high number of medicines, which must be taken at the same time and this may lead to poor treatment outcome. Aim of the study: The main aim of the study was to determine the types and frequencies of medication errors among patients with CCF admitted at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). This was a prospective observational study that included 100 adult male and female patients with the diagnosis of CCF at medical wards at MNH. Observations were made on admission, post admission, during hospital stay and on discharge. Information was extracted from eligible patients‟ medical records, drug charts, laboratory test results and personal interview with patients. The obtained information was recorded in case report form (CRF). After reviewing and recording data from medical records, the investigator examined drug treatment prescribed by the intern, resident or specialist and noted the type of ME committed. Any new changes by another prescriber during the hospital stay were also examined. Upon receiving laboratory results, the investigator re-examined the cases for potential drug and abnormal electrolyte interaction. On discharging, the investigator examined prescriptions and also interviewed patients on types of non pharmacological advices given to them by hospital staff. Specially designed check list, patients‟ interviews and drug charts were used to determine drug administration errors. The ability of a block pharmacist to detect prescription errors was determined from medication issued for each patient according to patient file. During a follow up of 201 person days, 71 patients were observed with medication error (incidence rate, 35 per 100 person days of observation). Most of medication errors were due to prescription errors (80.2%), followed by dispensing error (16%) and lastly by drug administration error (4%). Most frequency of ME were observed during hospital stay (40%), followed by admission (25%). Among commission errors potential drug and drug interaction, 81 (22.7%) and potential drug and abnormal electrolyte interactions 80 (22.4%) were the most common. Potential drug and abnormal electrolyte interaction was the major error undetected by block pharmacist contributing to 45%, followed by inappropriate starting dose (23.1%) and drug of choice appropriate to the condition not written (23.7%). The mean duration of hospital stay was shorter for those without medication error (mean days 6.75 95%CI 5.1 8.45) compared with those with medication error and those with errors (mean days 11.2 95%CI 8.87 13.5). Patients discharged with symptom had more ME (93.1) compared to those without symptoms (58%) and the association was significant (P = 0.001). From the study, it can be concluded that the incidence of medication error is fairly high. Controlling for such errors may lead to improvement in patient care. The pattern of ME suggests that prescription errors were the major type of error. Of these prescription errors, errors leading to drug and drug interactions and drug with abnormal electrolyte interactions are the most common. Clinicians at MNH need to consider laboratory results while treating these patients. Producing laboratory results on time may be necessary to avoid these interactions.\u

The Perception Created of Online Home Work by High School Student, Their Teacher and Parents in Saudi Arabia

The paper investigates the internet utilizing in online homework accomplishing at Saudi High Schools.  The study covered three Saudi cities, namely; Riyadh, Jeddah and Dammam.  The paper concerned about the teachers, parents and students perceptions toward using internet in education path with concentration on online home works, and its effect in the view of student performance and grades. The study methodology represented in Questionnaires distributed over the study's sample and interviews with participants. Questionnaires distributed on 91 students,45 teacher, and 43 parents where the interviews involved 3 students, 2 teachers, and only one parent.  The study showed that the internet usages have promising consequences on the homework completion and students' performance. Furthermore, there were some unpersuaded participants towards the benefits of internet usages on students' growth. Also, the study finding proposed related aspects to be studied and taken in concern in future studies. Keywords: Online homework, Saudi High Schools, Student performanc

Ultrafast Laser Nanostructured ITO Acts as Liquid Crystal Alignment Layer and Higher Transparency Electrode

Electrodes with higher transparency that can also align liquid crystals (LCs) are of high importance for improved costs and energy consumption of LC displays. Here we demonstrate for the first time alignment of liquid crystals on femtosecond laser nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass exhibiting also higher transparency due to the less interface reflections. The nano paterns were created by fs laser directlly on ITO films without any additional spin coating materials or lithography procces. Nine regions of laser-induced nanostructures were fabricated with different alignment orientations and various pulse energy levels on top of the ITO. The device interfacial anchoring energy was found to be comparable to the anchoring energy of nematic LC on photosensitive polymers. The device exhibits contrast of 30:1 and relaxation time of 330ms expected for thick LC devices. The measured transparency of the LC device with two ITO nanograting substrates is 10% higher than the uniform ITO film based LC devices. The alignment methodology presented here paves the way for improved LC displays and new structured LC photonic devices

Photoelastic in-fibre birefringence modulator operating at the fundamental transverse acoustic resonance

A Highly efficient photoelastic in-fiber birefringence modulator is demonstrated. It operates at the acoustic frequency ~23MHz which corresponds to the fundamental transverse acoustic resonance of a 125µm diameter silica fiber. Using an analyzer at the output end of the fiber we obtained ~90% amplitude modulation for an RF power of 0.7 W