The Evolution of European Fairy Tales: A Comparative Analysis of the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen

This paper focuses on the contrasting characteristics of fairy tales authored by the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen, examining the variations in themes, characters, and narrative structures. The Grimm Brothers primarily dedicated themselves to collecting and preserving traditional tales, placing great importance on authenticity and cultural heritage. In contrast, Andersen ventured into creating original stories that delved into introspection and offered social commentary. The storytelling approaches and motivations of the Grimm Brothers and Andersen diverged, yet both left indelible marks on the fairy tale genre. Through a comparative analysis of specific tales like Cinderella, The Little Mermaid, and Snow White, it becomes evident that cultural and contextual influences played a significant role in shaping these stories. The tales crafted by the Grimm Brothers often revolved around the transformative power of goodness and resilience. Their narratives emphasized the triumph of virtue and the ability of individuals to overcome adversity. These tales resonated deeply with audiences, as they drew upon traditional folklore and conveyed important moral lessons. Andersen, on the other hand, explored character development and focused on the transformative power of love. His stories often featured protagonists who underwent profound personal growth and transformation, driven by their encounters with love, friendship, and self-discovery. Andersen's works possessed a reflective and introspective quality that invited readers to ponder deeper meanings and societal implications. The Grimm Brothers' efforts to preserve traditional tales ensured the preservation of cultural heritage, while Andersen's original stories brought a fresh perspective and social commentary to the genre

The Evolution of European Fairy Tales: A Comparative Analysis of the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen

This study delves into the contrasting characteristics of fairy tales authored by the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen, examining the variations in themes, characters, and narrative structures. The Grimm Brothers primarily dedicated themselves to collecting and preserving traditional tales, placing great importance on authenticity and cultural heritage. In contrast, Andersen ventured into creating original stories that delved into introspection and offered social commentary. The storytelling approaches and motivations of the Grimm Brothers and Andersen diverged, yet both left indelible marks on the fairy tale genre. Through a comparative analysis of specific tales like Cinderella, mermaids, and Snow White, it becomes evident that cultural and contextual influences played a significant role in shaping these stories. The tales crafted by the Grimm Brothers often revolved around the transformative power of goodness and resilience. Their narratives emphasized the triumph of virtue and the ability of individuals to overcome adversity. These tales resonated deeply with audiences, as they drew upon traditional folklore and conveyed important moral lessons. Andersen, on the other hand, explored character development and focused on the transformative power of love. His stories often featured protagonists who underwent profound personal growth and transformation, driven by their encounters with love, friendship, and self-discovery. Andersen's works possessed a reflective and introspective quality that invited readers to ponder deeper meanings and societal implications. The Grimm Brothers' efforts to preserve traditional tales ensured the preservation of cultural heritage, while Andersen's original stories brought a fresh perspective and social commentary to the genre

The Evolution of European Fairy Tales: A Comparative Analysis of the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen

This study delves into the contrasting characteristics of fairy tales authored by the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen, examining the variations in themes, characters, and narrative structures. The Grimm Brothers primarily dedicated themselves to collecting and preserving traditional tales, placing great importance on authenticity and cultural heritage. In contrast, Andersen ventured into creating original stories that delved into introspection and offered social commentary. The storytelling approaches and motivations of the Grimm Brothers and Andersen diverged, yet both left indelible marks on the fairy tale genre. Through a comparative analysis of specific tales like Cinderella, mermaids, and Snow White, it becomes evident that cultural and contextual influences played a significant role in shaping these stories. The tales crafted by the Grimm Brothers often revolved around the transformative power of goodness and resilience. Their narratives emphasized the triumph of virtue and the ability of individuals to overcome adversity. These tales resonated deeply with audiences, as they drew upon traditional folklore and conveyed important moral lessons. Andersen, on the other hand, explored character development and focused on the transformative power of love. His stories often featured protagonists who underwent profound personal growth and transformation, driven by their encounters with love, friendship, and self-discovery. Andersen's works possessed a reflective and introspective quality that invited readers to ponder deeper meanings and societal implications. The Grimm Brothers' efforts to preserve traditional tales ensured the preservation of cultural heritage, while Andersen's original stories brought a fresh perspective and social commentary to the genre

Analysis of Autoregressive Processes: the Identification and the Prior, Posterior, and Predictive Analysis

Statistic

High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Transplantation for Recurrent or Refractory Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Analysis of King Hussein Cancer Center Results and Prognostic Variables

Purpose. to evaluate the outcome of patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma who underwent autologous transplantation at KHCC bone marrow transplant program. Patients and Methods. Over 6 years, 63 patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma underwent high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous transplant. There were 25.4% patients in complete remission (CR), 71.4% with chemotherapy responsive disease at the time of transplant. Prior to conditioning regimen, 56% received two chemotherapy lines, and, 44% received more than two lines. Results. The main outcomes of the study are the rate of complete remission at day 100, overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), The impact of the following variables on OS and RFS: (a) disease status at the time of transplant, (b) number of chemotherapy lines prior to conditioning, (c) age group, (d) time of relapse < or >12 months were investigated. The CR at day 100 was 57%. The median overall survival for the whole group was 40.6 months; the median RFS was 20 months. The only factor which significantly impacts the study outcomes was the number of chemotherapy lines prior to conditioning on OS in favor of patients received two lines. Conclusion. In our study only the number of chemotherapy lines received before conditioning had statistically significant impact on OS

Levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in serum of active and inactive Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients as biochemical markers for risk of cardiovascular disease

Background: Cardiovascular complications represent one of the consequences of chronic autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), which has significant rates of morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia can be brought on by steroid medications, which are frequently given to SLE patients and are considered to be one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: This study attempted to investigate a potential association between circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) as risk factors for atherosclerosis and their relationship to cardiovascular risk. Patients and methods: A total of 100 patients and 50 apparently healthy controls were included in the study. All patients were from the Department of Rheumatology, Baghdad Hospital / Medical City during the period from 1 December 2021 to 1 March 2022 who were all treated with antimalarial drugs as immunosuppressants such as chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine HCQ). They were divided according to the SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) into the active group (SLEDAI ≥ 10) and the inactive group (SLEDAI). Results: Serum VCAM and ICAM were significantly high in all study groups of SLE patients. The VCAM mean ± SD were (271.9±63.90), (247.9±82.92) and (97.7±24.69) in the active, inactive controls respectively. The ICAM mean ± SD were (3.1±0.91), (2.7±0.79) and (1.8±0.22) in the active, inactive and controls respectively. The values have increased gradually with increasing disease activity. The area under curve (AUC) of ICAM and VCAM were (0.802), (0.776) in active SLE patients and (0.858), (0.674) in inactive SLE patients. However, the AUC of VCAM and ICAM in active group were the highest. Conclusion: In SLE patients, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 serum levels may operate as disease detection and severity differentiation indicators, and they may be linked to the number of coronary lesions in people at risk of developing CVD. Received: Aug.,2022 Accepted: Sept., 2022 Published: April 2023

FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF STIFFENED CONICAL SHELL

This paper presents a procedure for the free vibration analysis of stiffened conical shell by the finite element method. The element used is a modified eight-node superparametric shell element. The effects of the number and cross-section area of stiffeners on the conical shells were analyzed. The results showed that increasing the number of stiffeners and their cross-'i'ectional area tend to increase the natural frequency of the conical shell. These results are iompared with available research results and those obtained from MSC\NASTRAN

Synthesis and anti-microbial potencies of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-alkylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids: microbial viabilities at different ionic liquids concentrations

Three 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-alkylimidazolium chloride room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) [2OHimCn][Cl]; (n=0, 1, 4) have been synthesized from the appropriate imidazole precursors and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. Their anti-microbial activities were investigated using the well-diffusion method. The viabilities of Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica as a function of IL concentrations were studied. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and EC50 values for the present ILs were within the concentration range from 60 to 125 mM and 23 to 73 mM. The anti-microbial potencies of the present ILs were compared to a standard antibiotic, gentamicin. The finding affords additional perspective on the level of ILs toxicity to aquatic lifeforms and yet, this characteristic can be readily harnessed to detect microbial growth and activity

Interaction suppression technique for high-density antenna arrays for mm-wave 5G MIMO systems

This paper presents the feasibility study of applying a combination of suppression techniques to improve isolation between the radiation elements in high-density antenna arrays and thereby improve the arrays impedance bandwidth and radiation performance. High isolation between adjacent radiation elements was achieved by embedding a crisscrossed decoupling structure comprising slotted microstrip-lines and locating in the ground-plane under each slot a dielectric ring. The proposed periodic array behaves as artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surfaces as incident waves in the substrate are fully reflected with a near zero degrees reflection phase. The proposed technique suppresses surface-wave propagation. Proof of concept was verified by applying the technique to a 2×4 linear array of triangular radiation patches designed to operate between 30-35 GHz. The array was implemented on a standard the Rogers RT 5880 substrate. Dimensions of the array are 40×20×0.8 mm3. Measurement confirm improvement is the array’s impedance bandwidth, fractional bandwidth, average isolation, radiation gain, and efficiency by 2 GHz, 6.15%, >10 dB, 6.6 dBi, and 29%. The array operates across 30–35GHz with average isolation between its radiation elements better than 23 dB, average gain and efficiency of 12 dBi and 85%, respectively. The technique can be applied to mm-Wave 5G MIMO systems