8 research outputs found
DĂ©nutrition Chez Les Patients CancĂ©reux Ă LâhĂŽpital National De Niamey (Niger)
Introduction : La dĂ©nutrition est un problĂšme frĂ©quemment rencontrĂ© chez les patients suivis pour pathologie cancĂ©reuse. Elle est d'origine multifactorielle et constitue un problĂšme important compliquant la prise en charge de ces patients. MĂ©thodologie : Il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude prospective et descriptive qui a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e du 1 juillet au 30 Septembre auprĂšs de patients cancĂ©reux hospitalisĂ©s dans le service dâOncohĂ©matologie de lâHĂŽpital National de Niamey. Le diagnostic de la dĂ©nutrition Ă©tait posĂ© sur la base de lâIMC, lâalbuminĂ©mie et ou de la perte de poids. RĂ©sultats : La prĂ©valence de la dĂ©nutrition Ă©tait estimĂ©e Ă 66,70%. Tous avaient rĂ©pondu aux critĂšres de lâIMC, 54, 38% avaient une hypoalbuminĂ©mie et 82,40% avaient perdu du poids. Les tranches dâĂąge entre 0 et 15 ans et supĂ©rieure Ă 60 ans Ă©taient les plus touchĂ©es avec respectivement 76,19% et 75%. Les cancers Ă haut risque de dĂ©nutrition Ă©taient reprĂ©sentĂ©s par les tumeurs de la langue, de lâĆsophage et les tumeurs pulmonaires. Cette dĂ©nutrition Ă©tait d'origine multifactorielle, d'oĂč l'importance de dĂ©terminer les diffĂ©rents facteurs de risque tels que : la nature de la tumeur, la durĂ©e d'hospitalisation, les facteurs cliniques (diarrhĂ©e, vomissement, anorexie, et douleur). Parmi les patients qui Ă©taient dĂ©nutris sous chimiothĂ©rapie, 84,61% Ă©taient dĂ©nutris aprĂšs la troisiĂšme (3) cure. Seul lâĂąge Ă©tait associĂ© significativement avec la dĂ©nutrition (p<0,05). Sur la prise en charge nutritionnelle, six (6) patients seulement avaient bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© dâune alimentation entĂ©rale soit 5,9%. Aucun patient dĂ©nutri nâavait bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© dâune alimentation parentĂ©rale.
Introduction: Undernutrition is a problem frequently encountered in patients followed for cancer pathology. It is of multifactorial origin and constitutes an important problem complicating the management of these patients. Methodology: This was a prospective and descriptive study which was conducted from July 1 to September 30 with cancer patients hospitalized in the Onco-Hematology department of Niamey National Hospital. The diagnosis of undernutrition was made on the basis of BMI, albuminemia and weight loss. Results: The prevalence of undernutrition was estimated at 66.70%. All had met the BMI criteria, 54, 38% had hypo albuminemia and 82.40% had lost weight. The age groups between 0 and 15 and over 60 were the most affected with 76.19% and 75% respectively. Cancers at high risk of undernutrition were represented by tumors of the tongue, esophagus and lung tumors. This undernutrition was of multifactorial origin, hence the importance of determining the various risk factors such as: the nature of the tumor, the duration of hospitalization, clinical factors (diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, and pain). Of the patients who were malnourished under chemotherapy, 84.61% were malnourished after the third (3) course of treatment. Only age was significantly associated with undernutrition (p <0.05). In terms of nutritional management, only six (6) patients had benefited from enteral nutrition, ie 5.9%. No malnourished patient had received parenteral nutrition
Réactions et résilience des populations face à la crue de 2012 dans le cinquiÚme arrondissement de Niamey
This study focuses on the way in which authorities and populations deal with flooding phenomena. The fifth municipality of Niamey city has been threatened since 2012.This situation impacts on economy of its population. The aim of this article is to understand the logics of each of these actors in implemented strategies at the time and following the event. Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, the study made it possible to highlight several measures developed by authorities and individuals to deal with the events. In response to the 2012 phenomena and the dysfunctions observed in terms of warning and population evacuation, prevention and protection strategies including enhancement of protective dike along the river as well as the relocation of the most exposed populations and prohibition of construction in flood zones have been initiated by the authorities. These measures have been complemented by various individual self-protection strategies using local materials in water-resistant housing reconstruction
Relocalisation préventive suite à la crue de Niamey 2012 : vulnérabilités socio-économiques émergentes et retour en zone inondable
En 2012, une grande inondation par dĂ©bordement fluvial a affectĂ© le quotidien de 45464 personnes de la ville de Niamey. Suite Ă cet Ă©vĂ©nement, les autoritĂ©s ont dĂ©cidĂ© de relocaliser 4963 personnes hors zone inondable. Cependant, une grande partie des personnes dĂ©placĂ©es sont revenues en zone Ă risque un mois plus tard et sont de nouveau inondĂ©es en 2013. Dans lâobjectif de comprendre ce qui a motivĂ© ce retour en zone inondable, il a Ă©tĂ© procĂ©dĂ© Ă une enquĂȘte auprĂšs des responsables de la ville et des rĂ©sidents de sept quartiers du cinquiĂšme arrondissement communal. Elle a mis en Ă©vidence que les populations affectĂ©es se sont retrouvĂ©es quelques temps aprĂšs leur relocalisation, dans des conditions de vie difficiles suite Ă une perte dâemploi et Ă un accĂšs difficile Ă lâeau, au transport et au logement. Ces conditions ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© de nouvelles vulnĂ©rabilitĂ©s et influencĂ© le retour de certaines dâentre elles en zone inondable.In 2012, a large fluvial flood affected the daily life of 45464 people in the city of Niamey. Following this event, the authorities decided to relocate 4963 people outside the flooded zone. However, many people returned to the zone at risk a month later and were flooded again in 2013. In order to understand what motivated this return to the flooded zone, a survey was conducted among city officials and residents of seven neighborhoods in the fifth district. She pointed out that the affected populations found themselves some time after their relocation, in difficult living conditions as a result of job loss and difficult access to water, transport and housing. These conditions have revealed new vulnerabilities and influenced the return of some of them to flooded zone
How EU Pressure Hampers Circular Migration between Niger and Libya
On 26 May 2015, under pressure from its European partners, the Nigerien government issued Law 36-2015, which forbids Nigeriens from transporting international migrants north from Agadez towards Libya or Algeria. While this law supposedly targets only international migrants, a closer look reveals its extended impact on circular migration and the local population.
The implementation of Law 36-2015 has negatively affected the local economy in the Agadez region, as people who had once made a living from migration in the wider sense have faced sudden unemployment.
In reaction to the law's implementation, drivers and migrants have developed a diverse range of strategies to circumvent new restrictions. As a result, migration to Libya and Algeria has become more expensive and more dangerous, since drivers are forced to use unofficial routes that include higher bribe payments to local security officials.
Because routes have become more clandestine, dangerous, and expensive, the official number of Nigeriens migrating to Libya or Algeria has declined, leading to unintended consequences for their local communities for whom income from different forms of migration is part of an important resilience strategy to counter unemployment, poverty, and droughts.
Given the law's sole and explicit focus on international migrants, international NGOs working in the region of Agadez have started to concentrate mostly on non-Nigerien migrants. This has fuelled dissatisfaction among the local population, with the potential for future violence.
The European Union should stop using humanitarian aid as a bargaining chip to implement European externalisation policies. Rather than pursuing migration policies in sub-Saharan Africa that have evinced negative consequences for traditional and local forms of migration, policymakers should design policies that incorporate the knowledge, perspectives, and needs of both local actors and the affected local population - migrants and non-migrants alike
Efficient management of health centres human resources in Zambia
This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to estimate the degree of technical, allocative and cost efficiency in individual public and private health centres in Zambia; and to identify the relative inefficiencies in the use of various inputs among individual health centers. About 83% of the 40 health centres were technically inefficient; and 88% of them were both allocatively and cost inefficient. The privately owned health centers were found to be more efficient than public facilities. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc