Estimating ETO and scheduling crop irrigation using Blaney–Criddle equation when only air-temperature data are available and solving the issue of missing meteorological data in Egypt

Accurate assessment of evapotranspiration is essential for crop irrigation planning. In developing countries and given the cost of evaluating evapotranspiration based on the Penman-Monteith equation, this research is an attempt to provide a simple equation that depends only on temperature to estimate evapotranspiration and serve as an alternative method to FAO56-PM when only air temperature data are available and the problem of missing meteorological data is solved. Four reference methods for evapotranspiration (ET) were compared under the local climatic conditions of the El-Nobaria region in northern Egypt. The Blaney–Criddle method was found to have the highest correlation with the FAO56-PM method. Using the simple equations to calculate ETo for irrigation scheduling of peanuts had a positive effect on the yield and yield components of peanuts. The highest productivity value was obtained when the Blaney–Criddle equation was used to estimate peanut irrigation scheduling, while equation resulted in lower productivity. When the equation was used, the differences in productivity between the equations were highly significant. It is worth noting that when the Blaney–Criddle and Thorthwaite equations were used, followed by the FAO56-PM equation, the superiority of the water productivity value became evident, as the increase in nutrient concentration in the root zone led to increased nutrient uptake, resulting in an increase in the productivity of peanut yield, oil and protein

Estimating ETo and scheduling crop irrigation using Blaney–Criddle equation when only air-temperature data are available and solving the issue of missing meteorological data in Egypt

Accurate assessment of evapotranspiration is essential for crop irrigation planning. In developing countries and given the cost of evaluating evapotranspiration based on the Penman-Monteith equation, this research is an attempt to provide a simple equation that depends only on temperature to estimate evapotranspiration and serve as an alternative method to FAO56-PM when only air temperature data are available and the problem of missing meteorological data is solved. Four reference methods for evapotranspiration (ET) were compared under the local climatic conditions of the El-Nobaria region in northern Egypt. The Blaney–Criddle method was found to have the highest correlation with the FAO56-PM method. Using the simple equations to calculate ETo for irrigation scheduling of peanuts had a positive effect on the yield and yield components of peanuts. The highest productivity value was obtained when the Blaney–Criddle equation was used to estimate peanut irrigation scheduling, while equation resulted in lower productivity. When the equation was used, the differences in productivity between the equations were highly significant. It is worth noting that when the Blaney–Criddle and Thorthwaite equations were used, followed by the FAO56-PM equation, the superiority of the water productivity value became evident, as the increase in nutrient concentration in the root zone led to increased nutrient uptake, resulting in an increase in the productivity of peanut yield, oil and protein. Paper presented at: International Scientific and Practical Conference “Methods for Synthesis of New Biologically Active Substances and Their Application in Various Industries of the World Economy – 2023” (MSNBAS2023), Moscow, Russian Federation, December 5-6, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study

Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year. Conclusion As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population

Surfactant therapy for meconium aspiration syndrome in neonates: A systematic overview of systematic reviews and recent clinical trials

Aim: To conduct a systematic overview of systematic reviews (SRs) and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on surfactant therapy in neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome. Methods: We searched EMBASE, PROQUEST and PubMed to summarize the different effects of surfactant lung lavage and bolus surfactant therapies in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome. Results: With a total of 1377 patients, three SRs and two RCTs were included in analysis. Surfactant effectiveness was concluded by low-quality SRs, with high risk of bias, which was contradicted by high-quality SRs, with low risk of bias. In SRs, the surfactant lung lavage reduced mortality, need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and hospitalization, while the bolus surfactant did not. In recent high-quality RCTs, however, the two modalities did not significantly differ. Conclusion: The evidence on surfactant effectiveness and its method of administration is sparse and inconsistent.This research was funded by a Qatar University grant number: QUST-1-CPH-2019-15.Scopu

The largest reported papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in struma ovarii and metastasis to opposite ovary: Case report and review of literature

Background: Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a very rare, germ cell tumor of the ovary, histologically identical to differentiated thyroid cancers. Struma ovarii (SO) is difficult to diagnose on clinical basis or imaging and is mostly discovered incidentally, with few published cases in the literature. Case presentation: A 42-year old primiparous woman presented with abdominal pain and midline pelvic palpable firm mass arising from the pelvis. Imaging showed pelvic solid cystic mass. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy (TAH BSO) and infracolic omentectomy were performed. Histopathology revealed left ovary papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) arising in SO (11 cm) and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in the right ovary. Thyroid functions tests were all normal, ultrasound thyroid showed two complex nodules in the left thyroid lobe. Total thyroidectomy was decided, but the patient refused further surgical management and was lost to follow up as she left the country. We undertook a comprehensive literature search, and MSO and thyroid management data from 23 additional publications were analyzed and tabulated. This PTC MSO is probably the largest reported in the literature. Conclusions: Among the different surgeries for MSO, TAH + BSO appears to have the best clinical outcome. However, unilateral salpingo-oopherectomy/ unilateral oophorectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy also seem effective. Ovarian cystectomy alone seems associated with higher recurrence. There remains no consensus on the associations between MSO tumor size and potential extent of metastasis, and about the management of thyroid gland. However, surveillance and thyroid gland work up to detect concurrent thyroid cancer are recommended. ? 2018 The Author(s).Scopu