Investigation of mirror-like surface finish in optical glass (BK7) lapping

Surface quality of optical glass is crucial for application in high precision products. This paper aim to investigate the surface roughness improvement and the limit surface roughness of the BK7 optical glass for mirror-like surface finish. Due to the brittleness of workpiece, lapping pressure need to be controlled diligently to prevent crack and brittle fracture from occurring. At first, the new lapping tool is installed on the collect chuck of the CNC milling machine and lapping is performed by the table movement in X and Y direction by NC control. Then, suitable lapping parameters are carefully selected for ductile mode machining in mirror-like finishing process. According to results, the mirror-like surface is achievd with proposed lapping method especially in low lapping pressure of 25MPa

Ayfin (M) Sdn. Bhd. / Aizuddin Abd. Aziz ...[et al.]

Ayfin (M) Sdn. Bhd adalah membekalkan komponen-komponen luaran radio bagi kilang-kilang yang mengeluarkan barangan elektroik. Syarikat ini beroperasi di No. 66, Jalan Pinang Tunggal 2, Kempas Light Industry, 08000 Sungai Petani, Kedah

Prevalence of physical activity and its association with body mass index among late adolescents in Kuantan, Malaysia

A national data reported more than half of school going adolescents in Malaysia were physically inactive. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of physical activity among late adolescent in Kuantan, Malaysia and to determine factors associated with their physical activity level. A cross sectional study among late adolescents aged 17 - 19 from seven governmental higher learning institutions in Kuantan, Malaysia was conducted from April to October 2018. A validated, selfadministered International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaire was used to measure the level of physical activity among participants. Weight and height of the participants were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Chi-square test was used to test for association between physical activity level and BMI of the participants. The association between physical activity and socio-demographic profile was tested using logistic regression analysis. One third of the participants (37.6 %) have high physical activity level while 29.0% of them only practiced low physical activity level. Non-smokers were 0.4 times more physically active than smokers (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19-0.78) while male gender was 2.46 times more active than female (aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.55-3.92). There was no statistically significant association between physical activity level with BMI of the participants (2 = 0.93, p = 0.63). Only one third of late adolescents in our study practiced high level of physical activity. This is worrying as it may leads to increased number of morbidity and mortality related to low physical activity. Furthermore, physical activity level during adolescence-age group may influenced their physical activity level during adulthood. Therefore, continuous health education focused on the important of physical activity is undoubtedly crucial. Smokers were found to be less physically active than non-smokers. Hence, health education focused on the important of physical activity and the harm of smoking should be targeted simultaneously. Clinica

Assessing the challenges of local leaders in rural community development: A qualitative study in Malaysia

In Malaysia, the ongoing reform at the local government level continues to shape the role of local leaders in rural development. This study aims to identify several challenges faced by rural community leaders and to suggest some ways in which rural leaders can weather and benefit from them. This qualitative study, which used content analysis, employed purposive sampling to firstly select the interviewee, and then was sustained throughout until data saturation. The respondents were from a 60-member cohort from Malaysia’s Villages Development and Safety Committee who held the positions of chairpersons and ordinary members. For data collection and analysis, this study used semi-structured interviews and an inductive approach respectively. The data analysis led to the development of eight main themes of “difficulty in decision making”, “strengthening external network”, “disseminating the precise information”, “Comprehensive participation of the community members”, “preparing an efficient work plan”, “overlapping functions of government agencies”, “political control”, and “the lack of facilities and infrastructure”. Identifying these challenges for rural community leaders will help the local government take proactive action on community leadership in terms of social capital, networking, communication, trust creation, and leadership qualities. Going forward, the government should place serious attention to developing the potential and skills of local leaders as a reward for their profound commitment to developing their community

Characteristics and success factors of rural community leadership in Malaysia: a focus group analysis

The leadership aspects of rural leaders in Malaysia are still unclear, and a consensus of the characteristics of credible rural community leaders has not been achieved. In addition, there is still a lack of specific and in-depth research on community leadership in rural areas in Malaysia. Therefore, a study was conducted to deepen understanding of leadership, specifically in the rural community leadership characteristics and success factors. The current study used a qualitative approach via a focus group discussion method involving 15 informants from the Village Development and Security Committee (JPKK) to gain in-depth information. The major themes that emerged from findings include inborn leadership, leadership quality, leadership characteristics, leadership motivation, and leadership training, referred to as leaders’ success factors. The current study hopes that the government can provide focused and comprehensive leadership training programs to ensure leaders perform their duties effectively and efficiently

Body weight perception and physical activity level among late adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang : a cross-sectional study

Background: Body weight perception is an important underlying psychological factor associated with body weight. Overemphasis on thinness among adolescents can lead to unhealthy dieting practices, whereas underestimation of body weight may increase risk of the development of obesity. Physical activity thought to be related to body weight perception as misperception of body image can lead to either physical inactivity or physical over activity. Objectives: This study measured the association between body weight perception and physical activity level as well as relationship between physical activity levels with sociodemographic profile among late adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2018 among 479 adolescents from seven higher learning institutions in Kuantan; aged 17-19 years old. Weight and height were measured and BMI was calculated. A validated, self-administered questionnaires; Figure Rating Scale (FRS) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used. Chi-square test was used to test the relationship between body weight perception and physical activity level. Logistic regression was employed to examine the association among physical activity level and socio-demographic variables. Results: Majority of the real overweight participants correctly perceived themselves as overweight (69.6%), whilst almost half of actual obese respondents did not see themselves as obese (45.2%). Most of the perceived overweight/obese respondents were practicing high physical activity level (34.9%).Smokers were 60 percent less physically active than non-smoker (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19-0.78). Male gender was 2.46 times more active than female (aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.55-3.92). No statistical significant association seen between body weight perception and physical activity level (χ2 0.56, p 0.76). Conclusion: Study results showed that perceiving weight as being overweight or obese regardless of concordant was not determinant of physical activity level. However, health education in terms of active physical activity and healthy eating habit should be emphasized among late adolescents

Agreement between body weight perception and body weight status among late adolescents in Kuantan, Malaysia

ABSTRACT Objectives: Body weight perception may determine the practice of proper weight management. The objective of this study was to measure the agreement between body weight perception and actual body weight status and its associated factors among late adolescents in Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2018 among 479 adolescents aged 17-19 years old from seven institutions of higher learning in Kuantan. Body weight status was described as body mass index (BMI). Weight and height were measured, and BMI was calculated. Validated, self-administered Figure Rating Scale (FRS) questionnaires were used. Agreement between BMI and body weight perception was calculated using Kappa statistics. Logistic regression was employed to examine the association between body weight perception and sociodemographic variables. Results: More than one-third (35.3%) of the respondents misjudged their own body weight. More than one third of the respondents (38.7%) who were underweight, misperceived themselves as having normal weight whilst 31.7% of obese respondents identified themselves as overweight. The agreement between body weight perception and body mass index was moderate (k0.46, p<0.01). Conclusion: Body weight perception was in moderate agreement with actual weight in late adolescents. Accurate body weight perception is an important factor in late adolescent’s weight management behaviour. Hence, health education related to body weight management should be emphasized among this age group

Body weight perception versus body weight status, How good is the agreement

Body weight perception is an important underlying psychological factor associated with body weight. overemphasizing on thinness among adolescents can lead to unhealthy dieting practices and eating disorders, whereas underestimation of the development of overweight and obesity

Analysis of complex plastics shell injection molding processes by mold-flow insight

Injection molding is well suited for mass production of complex shapes plastic parts with precise dimensions. The injection molded product quality is influenced by many process parameters especially in complex shape parts. Hence, the optimum process parameters are crucial for desire quality products. This study aim to analysis the flow of material in complex plastics shell injection molding processes of two and three plates mold layouts using Mold flow insight. The Mold flow Plastic Insight (MPI) is useful tool to decide the gate position and the suitable types of plastic material for the complex part with shorter time. Typical Mobile Phone cover model was selected as a product to be examined. Selected parameters of end fill pressure, sink marks, weld lines and time to reach ejection temperature are analyzed to examine quality of products. From the analysis result, three plates mold is better feasible and applicable for complex plastics shell high quality products

A review on body weight perception and its associated factors among adolescents in Malaysia and worldwide

Body weight perception differs according to how the individual describe their body figure. Some may underestimate their weight while the other may overestimate it. Wrong body weight perception may lead to various complications. Those who underestimate their body weight may end up with complications such as obesity and obesity related morbidity. Meanwhile, those who overestimate their body weight may engage in unhealthy eating habit such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia. This is a major concern especially among adolescents in which they are in a crucial period of life and may not yet mature enough to make the best decision in particularly with regard to their health and health-related behavior. More importantly, several studies found psychological impact related to body weight perception. Depression and anxiety can be caused by the negative psychological effects of poor body image and distorted perception of body weight. Result from a study done among Chinese adolescents revealed that perceived overweight boys and girls were more likely to experience anxiety and depression as compared to those who perceived their body as normal and underweight. [1] A study in United States among high school students concluded that perceiving oneself as very underweight or very overweight was related with greater risk for suicidal attempts. [2] Therefore, this review aimed to discuss on the previous studies done investigating the prevalence and associated factors of body weight perception among adolescents in Malaysia, Asia and worldwide. It is hoped that this article will give us a better understanding regarding adolescent’s body weight perception and shall help us to plan future healthy lifestyle intervention necessary aiming for our adolescents’ populatio