Association between copper deficiency and DNA damage in cattle

Cattle hypocuprosis is the second most widespread mineral deficiency affecting grazing cattle. The consequences of hypocuprosis include a failure of copper metalloenzymes, many of which form part of the antioxidant defence system. This work focuses on the association between copper (Cu) plasma concentration and DNA damage in Aberdeen Angus cattle. Two-hundred and ninety-nine heparinized blood samples from 2-year-old Aberdeen Angus cows were obtained from different farms located in the Salado River basin, Argentina. Plasma copper level analysis was carried out in whole samples, while cytogenetic analysis and single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) were carried out in 82 and 217 samples, respectively. Cytogenetic analysis showed a significant increase in the frequency of abnormal metaphases in moderate/severe hypocupremic groups (groups B and C) in relation to the normocupremic group (group A) (4.5 and 1.5 abnormal metaphases/100 cells, respectively, P < 0.01). The Spearman correlation test showed a negative association between cupremic values and the yield of chromosomal aberrations (r = -0.708, P < 0.0001). In the comet assay greater migration was observed in cells from the hypocupremic group, from a median of 54 in the severe hypocupremic group to 31 in the normocupremic group (P < 0.01). Accordingly, the Spearman correlation test showed a significant positive relationship between copper levels and cells without DNA migration and a significant negative relationship between copper levels and cells with a tiny tail (P < 0.0001 in both cases). The results obtained show that hypocupremia in cattle is associated with an increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations as well as in DNA migration as assessed by the comet assay. Whereas the comet assay could differentiate copper plasma level groups, chromosomal aberrations only detected differences between normal and hypocupremic animals. The increase of DNA damage found in hypocupremic animals could be explained by higher oxidative stress suffered by these animals.Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasInstituto de Genética Veterinari

Surgical Gastrostomy in Delayed Emergency: Indications, Morbidity and Mortality in 293 Patients from a Single Center Experience

International audiencePurpose: Monocentric retrospective 5-years study evaluation of indications and morbi-mortality rates of surgical gastrostomies.Methods: 293 patients under went surgical gastrostomy according to the Witzel technique. Age, gender, indication, type of anesthesia, complications and 30-days mortality were analyzed. Complications were detailed according to type minor (tube site infection, gastric tube removal, obstruction, breakage or leakage, intra-abdominal displacement, parietal hematoma) or major (gastric bleeding, aspiration pneumonia, gastroesophageal reflux, peristomal hernia, peritonitis, digestive perforation, incisional hernia), time of occurrence early (≤ 30 days) or late (> 30 days) and Dindo-Clavien's classification.Results: Mean age was 63-years-old. Gastrostomies were performed for enteral nutrition or gastric decompression in 85% and 15% of cases respectively. The main indications were neurological pathologies (48%), and tumors (oto-rhino-laryngeal tumors (17%), lung tumors (8%), peritoneal carcinomatosis (8%), other digestive cancers (5%), urological cancers (2%), and various abdominal diseases (12%)). Overall mortality at 30-days was 16.3%. Sixty-nine (23.5%) complications occurred, with 13.6% minor and 9.8% major complications. According to Dindo-Clavien's classification, complication were graded respectively in 1-2 (66%), 3(22%) and 4-5 (12%). Patients with the highest mortality rates at 30 days were patients with a complication or procedural failure after endoscopic or radiological gastrostomy (20%), patients with lung tumor (50%), patients with airway pathology (18.9%) and patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis requiring a gastric decompression (16.7%).Conclusion: This single-center experience gives an overview of the results after surgical gastrostomies in delayed emergency. The high morbi-mortality in some groups must challenge the surgical choice versus other endoscopic and radiological procedures, by evaluating the risk to benefit ratio for critically ill patients, taking into account short-term outcome and quality of life

Internal biliary stenting in liver transplantation

International audienc

Association between copper deficiency and DNA damage in cattle

Cattle hypocuprosis is the second most widespread mineral deficiency affecting grazing cattle. The consequences of hypocuprosis include a failure of copper metalloenzymes, many of which form part of the antioxidant defence system. This work focuses on the association between copper (Cu) plasma concentration and DNA damage in Aberdeen Angus cattle. Two-hundred and ninety-nine heparinized blood samples from 2-year-old Aberdeen Angus cows were obtained from different farms located in the Salado River basin, Argentina. Plasma copper level analysis was carried out in whole samples, while cytogenetic analysis and single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) were carried out in 82 and 217 samples, respectively. Cytogenetic analysis showed a significant increase in the frequency of abnormal metaphases in moderate/severe hypocupremic groups (groups B and C) in relation to the normocupremic group (group A) (4.5 and 1.5 abnormal metaphases/100 cells, respectively, P < 0.01). The Spearman correlation test showed a negative association between cupremic values and the yield of chromosomal aberrations (r = -0.708, P < 0.0001). In the comet assay greater migration was observed in cells from the hypocupremic group, from a median of 54 in the severe hypocupremic group to 31 in the normocupremic group (P < 0.01). Accordingly, the Spearman correlation test showed a significant positive relationship between copper levels and cells without DNA migration and a significant negative relationship between copper levels and cells with a tiny tail (P < 0.0001 in both cases). The results obtained show that hypocupremia in cattle is associated with an increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations as well as in DNA migration as assessed by the comet assay. Whereas the comet assay could differentiate copper plasma level groups, chromosomal aberrations only detected differences between normal and hypocupremic animals. The increase of DNA damage found in hypocupremic animals could be explained by higher oxidative stress suffered by these animals.Fil: Picco, Sebastian Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Centro de Investigaciones en Genética Básica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Abba, Martín Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Centro de Investigaciones en Genética Básica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Mattioli, Guillermo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Fazzio, Luis Emilio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Rosa, Diana Esther. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: de Luca, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Centro de Investigaciones en Genética Básica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Dulout, Fernando Noel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Centro de Investigaciones en Genética Básica y Aplicada; Argentin