Producing High Purity Nickel Metal Powder from Nickel Wastes through Acidic Leaching by Sulfuric Acid

Nickel has found increasing application in electronic, automobilemanufacturing, plating, and metal industries and so on. Producing highquality metal powders to satisfy increasing demand for advanced materialsis of very high importance. There are a few numbers of standard powderproduction techniques. An acidic leaching has been applied in presentresearch. Sulfuric acid has been used to leach nickel wastes of platingindustry. To produce nickel oxide powder furnaces with no protectingatmosphere and to produce pure nickel powder, tube furnace with hydrogenatmosphere has been applied. Variables performed in the research aretime, density of sulfuric acid, and amount of hydrogen peroxide. Toanalyze powders produced, EDS element analysis and to determine size ofpowder particles, SEM has been applied. It was shown by the results thatthe highest amount of nickel dissolution in sulfuric acid (98%) has takenplace during one hour and there is a direct relationship between hydrogenperoxide amount and nickel dissolution in sulfuric acid

Investigating the in vitro antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of pyranochromene derivatives

Cancer is one of the important health problems, and researchers continue their efforts to discover new anti-cancer agents. Coumarins (chromene-2-ones), a group of natural metabolites, have shown different biological activities based on their substitutions. In this study, 15 compounds of 1,5-dihydropyrano2,3-cchromene were synthesized by three-component reaction and investigated for the antiproliferative activity on the breast (MCF-7), colorectal (SW48 and HT-29), lung (A549), and brain (U-87 MG) cancer cell lines as well as two normal cell lines (3T3 and HUVEC). The apoptosis/necrosis-inducing effect of the selected compounds was determined on the MCF-7 cell line by flow cytometry. The results showed that the compounds bearing a moiety on their phenyl ring's para position had potent cytotoxic effects on the tested cell lines. These compounds induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. The compounds were also toxic for 3T3 and HUVECs and did not display a high selectivity for tumor cells. Our results revealed that the compounds having a moiety at the para position of their phenyl ring might be suitable lead compounds for the synthesis of potent anti-cancer agents. © 2020 by the authors

Effect of patient-centered collaborative learning on students\' scores of the nursing process and critical thinking of nursing trainers

Introduction: One of the challenge that nursing education is faced is developing a curriculum with appropriate clinical training, to develop critical thinking skills. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of patient-centered collaborative learning on students' scores on the nursing process and critical thinking of nursing trainers. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental research. Nursing students studying at the fifth semester allocated to two randomly selected arms of 30 cases, collaborative education patient-centered, and 30 controls (clinical education according to the common way(. In struments used was a questionnaire with three parts demographics, nursing process of patients and critical thinking.Results: Mean score of post-test critical thinking was 12.8 in cases and 9.2 in the control group. There was significant relationship between post-test score in the two groups P <0.05.post test scores were significantly different across the two groups 15.8/20 in case group compare to 13.43/20 in the control group. Discussion: Both groups showed improvement in learning. The students in the study group were participated as a team in the study of real patient i.e. case study. They used their skills to find and use evidence for critical care. The development in the study group was significantly higher than the control group and the difference has led to the information classification, understanding patients' condition, logic reasoning, problems prioritization and assessment

Study of Relation between Physical Activity and Preterm Birth

Background and Objectives: Preterm birth is the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity and the importance of knowing its causes is clear. Since the effect of physical activity on preterm birth is unknown and its prevention is the priority in health care, we decided to do this study with the aim of determining the relation between physical activity and preterm birth. Methods: In this case-control study, 300 pregnant women delivering in Izadi Hospital in Qom, Iran in the second half of 2008, selected through simple sampling. The data were collected using standard pregnancy physical activity questionnaire that categorizes the physical activity into 4 groups: work activities, home activities, transport activities and fun/exercise activities. The physical activity severity was calculated as MET (Metabolic Equivalence Test). Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic (x2 and t test ) statistics. A p<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: The findings didn't show any significant relation between physical activity and preterm birth. In addition, in view of activity type, fun/exercise and work activities (respectively) and in view of activity severity, sedentary and moderate activities (respectively) were associated with higher, but insignificant rate of preterm birth. Among demographic factors, only gravidity of women was significantly associated with preterm birth.Conclusion: Although, in this study the significant relation between physical activity and preterm delivery wasn't observed, the same research with further sample is recommended

Theoretical and experimental investigations into the structural, electronic, and molecular properties of 1,5-dihydropyrano2,3-cchromene derivatives

In this study, a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 1,5-dihydropyrano2,3-cchromene derivatives is reported by three component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and 3-hydroxycoumarin in the presence of piperidine as base in ethanol, under reflux conditions. Also, the experimental results involving new and already synthesized compounds are compared with the theoretical calculations. The energy, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), HOMO�LUMO energy gap, chemical properties and NMR analyses of 1,5-dihydropyrano2,3-cchromene derivatives in DMSO solution were estimated using density functional theory and 6-311++G (d,p) basis set. The solvent effect was explored using the polarizable continuum model (PCM) method. Increasing polarity and having no much difference in energies show the more effects of newly synthesized compounds (R2-DHPC) towards already synthesized compounds (R4-DHPC) in human body. Also, the results display that there is a good agreement between experimental and theoretical data. © 2020 by the authors

New crown ether-based ionic liquids as a green and versatile organocatalyst for three-component synthesis of 1,5-dihydropyrano2,3-cchromene derivatives

A simple and green method for the synthesis of 1,5-dihydropyrano2,3-cchromene derivatives has been reported by three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and 3-hydroxycoumarin in the presence of a series of novel crown ether-based ionic liquids (CE-based ILs) in H2O/EtOH (1:1), under the reflux conditions. The novel CE-based ILs have been synthesized by 18-crown-6 or dibenzo 18-crown-6 chelated with sodium benzenesulfinate derivatives and used as a green and environmental organocatalyst. This method has some advantages such as the aqueous reaction medium, stable catalysts, cleaner reaction profiles and high yield of products in short reaction time. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers

Enzymatic Method: The best choice for extraction of carotenoids of Alfalfa

Carotenoids are natural compounds present in animals and plants. They have important applications in food and drugs and are usually extracted from natural materials. Alfalfa is rich in carotenoids. Commercial methods have been described for extracting carotenes and xanthophylls from alfalfa. In the present study, carotenoids were extracted and measured from alfalfa by acid, alkaline and enzyme extraction methods. The results showed different contents of the carotenoids in different methods of extraction. The carotenoids level when enzyme was used for the extraction from Alfalfa was significantly more than acid and alkaline. This finding shows that the pigment was probably attached to proteins in alfalfa. In this experiment, sodium hydroxide could also replace enzymatic methods. The amount of pigment was followed by sodium hydroxide treatment after enzymatic method

Salmonellosis Phytotherapy: A review on Iranian most important medicinal plants affecting on Salmonella

Salmonella are isolated from diarrheal diseases, typhoid fever, bacteriemia and enterocolitis. Salmonella-related diseases are major health problem in most of countries. Scientific research approach has been to achieve plants bioactive substances due to drug resistance and side effects of chemical antimicrobial drugs. Plants can be considered as a source of potentially useful chemicals but only a fraction of them have been used in medicine. We aimed in this review article to present anti Salmonella effects of Iranian native medicinal plants. The information was obtained using key words including Salmonellosis, Salmonella, medicinal plant, essential oil, searching scientific databases scientific information database (SID), Magiran, Google scholar, Blackwell, Wiley, Springer and Sciencedirect. Ten plant families of native medicinal plants of Iran were found to be effective on Salmonella including Thymus multiflora, Thymus vulgaris, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Ferulago angulata, Avicennia marina, Crocus sativus L, Cordia myxa L, Ziziphora clinopodioides, Allium sativum, Teucrium polium L, Satureia hortensis L, Anethum graveolens and Vaccinium arctostaphylosplants. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins, such as thymol, carvacrol and coumarin have been isolated from the most anti salmonellosis plants. Carvacrol is common antioxidant and bioactive compound in all of these plants. Most used medicinal plants as anti-Salmonella compound has belonged to Lamiaceae family (31% of Iranian native plant families). Active ingredients of Lamiaceae medicinal plants can be produced and entered in pharmaceutical market as anti-Salmonella drugs