The evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia: 1994 and 2010

This paper studies the evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia at different points of wage distributions. Using DiNardo, Fortin, and Lemieux's (1996) decomposition, we find that the enormous increase in female workers' educational achievement has helped to reduce the gender gap, mainly at the top of the wage distribution. However, this effect has been countered by the reduction in the proportion of female workers in the public sector and those with indefinite contracts. Moreover, using the Arellano et al. (2017) methodology, we estimate the adjusted gender wage gap whilst controlling for sample selection. In both analysed years, our main finding was a clear glass-ceiling pattern that was slightly reduced in 2010

El derecho a la educación. Perspectivas e indicadores en Colombia y Bogotá

228 páginasEste documento presenta un diagnóstico del Derecho a la Educación, a partir de un análisis de jurisprudencia sobre las subreglas fijadas por la Corte Constitucional y de un análisis cuantitativo de indicadores que dan cuenta de los avances y rezagos en los últimos años de cada una de las 4As, así como en las subreglas que las componen, proporcionando un escenario comparativo entre Bogotá y los departamentos de Colombia. Se espera que este análisis dé evidencia para identificar en qué núcleos se presentan los mayores rezagos para focalizar la política pública y orientar la inversión de recursos en las diferentes regiones de Colombia y entre las localidades de Bogotá. Así pues, este documento se estructura de la siguiente manera: Las secciones 2 y 3 proporcionan una revisión de los marcos teórico, normativo y conceptual relacionado con el concepto del Derecho a la Educación; mientras que la sección 4 desarrolla el análisis de jurisprudencia y la sección 5 aborda el análisis cuantitativo, que inicia con la exploración de las fuentes de información usadas para la construcción de los indicadores, y luego expone los indicadores y proporciona una interpretación de ellos. Finalmente, se presentan una serie de conclusiones y recomendaciones basadas en el diagnóstico local y nacional

Modelos de financiación para acceder a la educación superior en Colombia: diagnóstico y recomendaciones

213 página

The effects of fixed-term contracts on workers in Colombia

This paper studies the effects of fixed-term contracts on workers. Specifically, the paper analyzes their impact on wages and on satisfaction levels. Regulations governing fixed-term and indefinite contracts in Colombia and the main labor reforms related to these two types of contract are analyzed. Women, young and low-educated workers, who work in small firms, in the private sector and in construction or manufacturing are most likely to have fixed-term contracts. In terms of wages, we found a significant raw and adjusted wage gap against workers with fixed-term contracts. Finally, we found, as expected, evidence that fixed-term contracts reduce the level of worker satisfaction

The effects of fixed-term contracts on workers in colombia

This paper studies the effects of fixed-term contracts on workers. Specifically,the paper analyzes their impact on wages and on satisfaction levels. Regulationsgoverning fixed-term and indefinite contracts in Colombia and the main laborreforms related to these two types of contract are analyzed. Women, young and low-educated workers, who work in small firms, in the private sector and in constructionor manufacturing are most likely to have fixed-term contracts. In terms of wages,we found a significant raw and adjusted wage gap against workers with fixedtermcontracts. Finally, we found, as expected, evidence that fixed-term contractsreduce the level of worker satisfaction

The effects of fixed-term contracts on workers in Colombia

This paper studies the effects of fixed-term contracts on workers. Specifically, the paper analyzes their impact on wages and on satisfaction levels. Regulations governing fixed-term and indefinite contracts in Colombia and the main labor reforms related to these two types of contract are analyzed. Women, young and low -educated workers, who work in small firms, in the private sector and in construction or manufacturing are most likely to have fixed-term contracts. In terms of wages, we found a significant raw and adjusted wage gap against workers with fixedterm contracts. Finally, we found, as expected, evidence that fixed-term contracts reduce the level of worker satisfaction.Este artículo estudia los efectos de los contratos a término fijo en los trabajadores en cuanto a su impacto en salarios y nivel de satisfacción. Se analizan las principales reformas laborales relacionadas con contratos indefinidos y a término fijo. Mujeres, jóvenes y trabajadores con bajos niveles de educación, que trabajan en firmas pequeñas, en el sector público y en los sectores de construcción o industria manufacturera son los más propensos a tener contratos a término fijo. Se encuentra, además, una importante brecha salarial observada y ajustada en contra de trabajadores con contrato a término fijo, así como menores niveles de satisfacción para estos

¿Una brecha que se amplía? Un análisis de la brecha de género en las pruebas de salida del colegio en Colombia

In this article, we provide evidence that girls underperform boys with similar characteristics on the Colombian high school exit examination. Using the quantile regression technique, we find a significant gender gap favoring boys, which widens along the distribution. The Juhn-Murphy-Pierce decomposition shows that personal, family, and school characteristics explain a small part of the gap whereas differences in returns play an important role. In ad-dition, we show that the observed gap differs significantly by administrative regions, sug-gesting that specific characteristics of each region could be influencing girls’ performanceNeste artigo provemos informação sobre o menor desempenho das meninas comparado com os meninos de similares característica nas provas colombianas de saída do ensino se-cundário, que são requeridas para o acesso à Universidade. Usando a técnica de regressão quantílica encontra-se que há uma brecha significativa a favor dos meninos, que se incre-menta ao longo da distribuição. A decomposição de Juhn-Murphy-Pierce, mostra que as características pessoais, familiares e escolares explicam uma porção pequena das brechas, enquanto que diferenças nos retornos jogam um papel importante. Adicionalmente, se mostra que a brecha observada difere significativamente de acordo à região; sugerindo que características específicas de cada região como por exemplo diferenças na cultura re-lacionadas com o rol da mulher podem estar influenciando o desempenho das meninasEn este artículo proveemos información sobre el menor desempeño de las niñas comparado con niños de similares características en las pruebas de salida del bachillerato colombianas, que son requeridas para el acceso a la Universidad. Usando la técnica de regresión cuantílica se encuentra que hay una brecha significativa a favor de los niños, que se incrementa a lo largo de la distribución. La descomposición de Juhn-Murphy-Pierce, muestra que las carac-terísticas personales, familiares y escolares explican una porción pequeña de las brechas, mientras que diferencias en los retornos juegan un papel importante. Adicionalmente, se muestra que la brecha observada difiere significativamente de acuerdo con la región; sugirien-do que características específicas de cada región como por ejemplo diferencias en la cultura relacionadas con el rol de la mujer- pueden estar influenciando el desempeño de las niña

The evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia: 1994 and 2010

This paper studies the evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia at different points of wage distributions. Using DiNardo, Fortin, and Lemieux’s (1996) decomposition, we find that the enormous increase in female workers’ educational achievement has helped to reduce the gender gap, mainly at the top of the wage distribution. However, this effect has been countered by the reduction in the proportion of female workers in the public sector and those with indefinite contracts. Moreover, using the Arellano et al. (2017) methodology, we estimate the adjusted gender wage gap whilst controlling for sample selection. In both analysed years, our main finding was a clear glass-ceiling pattern that was slightly reduced in 2010

The evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia: 1994 and 2010

This paper studies the evolution of the gender wage gap in Colombia at different points of wage distributions. Using DiNardo, Fortin, and Lemieux’s (1996) decomposition, we find that the enormous increase in female workers’ educational achievement has helped to reduce the gender gap, mainly at the top of the wage distribution. However, this effect has been countered by the reduction in the proportion of female workers in the public sector and those with indefinite contracts. Moreover, using the Arellano et al. (2017) methodology, we estimate the adjusted gender wage gap whilst controlling for sample selection. In both analysed years, our main finding was a clear glass-ceiling pattern that was slightly reduced in 2010.Este artigo estuda a brecha salarial por gênero na Colômbia em diferentes pontos da distribuição de salários. Com a decomposição de DiNardo et al. (1996), percebe-se que o enorme aumento nos objetivos educacionais das trabalhadoras femininas ajudou na redução da brecha de gênero, principalmente na alta da distribuição. Contudo, este efeito tem sido combatido pela redução na proporção de mulheres no setor público naquelas com contrato indefinido. Além do mais, com a metodologia de Arellano et al. (2016), estima-se uma brecha de gênero ajustada controlada por meio de viés de seleção. Percebe-se também um padrão de teto de cristal em ambos os anos analisados, com uma ligeira redução em 2010.Este artículo estudia la brecha salarial por género en Colombia en diferentes puntos de la distribución de salarios. Con la descomposición de DiNardo et al. (1996) se encuentra que el enorme incremento en el logro educacional de las trabajadoras femeninas ha ayudado a reducir la brecha de género, principalmente en la cola alta de la distribución. Sin embargo, este efecto ha sido contrarrestado por la reducción en la proporción de mujeres en el sector público y en aquellas con contrato indefinido. Además, con la metodología de Arellano et al. (2016) se estima la brecha de género ajustada controlando por sesgo de selección. Se encuentra un patrón de techo de cristal en ambos años analizados, que se ha reducido ligeramente en el 2010