88,945 research outputs found
Corneal Dermoid
A 20 years old boy presented with left corneal mass. The mass involved entire cornea extending to the sclera. The mass had a skin like surface and protruded outside the palpebral aperture. The eye with the mass was excised .The histopathology report confirmed the diagnosis of corneal dermoid. This late presentation of huge corneal dermoid extending to sclera is first such report in the literature
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Price impact of block trades in the Saudi stock market
This paper examines the price impact of block trades for the 124 companies that comprise all listed firms in the Saudi stock market (SSM). We use high frequency intraday data (one minute intervals) for the period 2005-2008 to provide out of sample evidence of the determinants of price impact. We find an asymmetric price impact of 0.5% for block purchases and -0.38% for block sales. We document a price continuation post block trades and a price reversal after block sales. Sellers of block trades in the Saudi market pay higher liquidity premiums than
buyers of block trades. However, on average, the price effect of a block trade is small and short-lived suggesting that resiliency is high in the market. Moreover, we find a direct relationship between the size of the trades and the level of information asymmetry in the market. Despite the structural differences of the SSM, the intraday pattern of price impacts is similar to patterns documented in other markets, namely an inverse J-shaped pattern. Finally,
sophisticated traders can gain abnormal profits in the SSM through āfree ridingā, a trader can benefit from the overreaction before the block trade and price reversal after the block trade
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Can market frictions really explain the price impact asymmetry of block trades? Evidence from the Saudi stock market
We empirically examine the price impact of block trades, in the Saudi Stock Market over
the time period of 2005-2008. Using a unique dataset of intraday data consisting of 2.3
million block buys and 1.9 million block sales, we find an asymmetry in the price impact of block purchases and sales. The asymmetry persists even when we account for the bidask bias in block trades, which is contrary to the previous literature. Overall, our findings suggest that in an emerging market where institutional trading is relatively scarce, market microstructure cannot explain the asymmetry n the price impact of large trades
Over the counter ophthalmic drug misuse, are we aware?
Aim: To investigate the misuse of āover the counterā ophthalmic medications in our city. Method: Responses of a structured questionnaire covering various aspects of over the counter drug use was obtained from pharmacy workers in and around our city. Results: Eighty nine pharmacy workers took part in this crossāsectional study. An average number of seven patients per day with ophthalmic complaints were seen by the pharmacy workers. Dispensing over the counter was practiced by 89.9% of the pharmacists. The most common complaint of the patients visiting the pharmacy, was redness and itching (86.5%). Antibiotics (96.6%) were the most common eye drops dispensed over the counter, followed by steroids (55.1%), decongestants (54.1%), antibiotic-steroid combination eye drops (29.2%) and lubricants (16.8%). Awareness regarding complications of steroid use was seen in 40.6% of pharmacists. 6.7% pharmacists had seen patients with complications following use of over the counter medications. In our study, majority of the eye drops dispensed were prescription drugs. Conclusion: Availability of prescription eye drops over the counter is an immense public threat. Educating the pharmacist and the population can decrease ocular morbidity. Research into methods to effectively deal with over-the-counter drug misuse is required and law can be enforced based on the findings
Association between pretreatment haemoglobin levels and morphometric characteristics of the tumour, response to neoadjuvant treatment and long-term outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers
Aim
The study was carried out to investigate whether
pretreatment haemoglobin (Hb) levels act as a biomar-
ker in the management of patients with locally advanced
rectal cancer.
Method\ud
We prospectively collected data on all patients
within our cancer network with localized low rectal
cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy/chemora-
diotherapy at Mount Vernon Centre for Cancer Treat-
ment between March 1994 and July 2008. Pretreatment
Hb level was assessed as an independent variable for the
whole study sample and dichotomised at a value of 12 g/dl.
A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was
conducted on parameters that had significant association
on univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and cor-
relational (Kendall tau/Pearson) analyses. Kaplan
ā
Meier
survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard models
were used to determine significant prognostic markers.
Statistical significance was set at 0.05.
Results
463 patients (male/female 2:1; median age
=
66 years, interquartile range
=
56.5
ā
73.0) were included
in the analysis. There was significant tumour response of
T stage (
P
<
0.001) and N stage (
P
<
0.001), with
17.6% of patients achieving a pathological complete
response. Pretreatment Hb value was inversely related to
the craniocaudal vertical tumour length (
P
=
0.02) and
pretreatment T stage of the tumour (
P
=
0.01). Patients
with Hb levels of
<
12 g/dl and moderately differenti-
ated adenocarcinoma were less responsive. Local recur-
rence was more common in patients with a pretreatment
Hb of
<
12 g/dl (hazard ratio
=
1.78) over a median
follow up of 24 months, but this was not statistically
significant (
P
=
0.08).
Conclusion
The pretreatment Hb level might be used
as a biomarker of rectal tumour morphology, response
to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and risk of local recur-
renc
A Friendly Introduction to "Knowledge in Pieces": Modeling Types of Knowledge and Their Roles in Learning
The Heat Kernel on AdS_3 and its Applications
We derive the heat kernel for arbitrary tensor fields on S^3 and (Euclidean)
AdS_3 using a group theoretic approach. We use these results to also obtain the
heat kernel on certain quotients of these spaces. In particular, we give a
simple, explicit expression for the one loop determinant for a field of
arbitrary spin s in thermal AdS_3. We apply this to the calculation of the one
loop partition function of N=1 supergravity on AdS_3. We find that the answer
factorizes into left- and right-moving super Virasoro characters built on the
SL(2, C) invariant vacuum, as argued by Maloney and Witten on general grounds.Comment: 46 pages, LaTeX, v2: Reference adde
Magnetoacoustics of the Low-Dimensional Quantum Antiferromagnet Cs2CuCl4 with Spin Frustration
We report on results of sound-velocity and sound-attenuation measurements in the triangular-lattice spin-1/2 antiferromagnet CsāCuClā (T<sub>N</sub> = 0.6 K), in external magnetic fields up to 14 T, applied along the <em>b</em> axis, and at temperatures down to 300 mK. The results are analyzed with a quasi-two-dimensional hard-core boson theory based on exchange-striction coupling. There is a good qualitative agreement between theoretical and experimental results.Citation: Sytcheva, A. et al. (2010). 'Magnetoacoustics of the low-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet CsāCuClā', Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 159(1-2), 109-113. [Available at http://www.springer.com/materials/journal/10909]. Ā© The Authors 2010. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.
Syzygium Aromaticum (Clove) Effect on Catalase Activity Due to Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Liver
Background: Clove is known as antioxidant spice that used in cigarettes, spice for food/soup, and traditional medicine. It is believed that clove could protect smokers from cigarette-free radicals. Otherwise, study on clove as an antioxidant was still confused.Objective: To reveal that clove can overcome carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) and its free radical derivesMethod: This study was an experimental research, using 20 Wistar rats that were divided into 4 groups, Group 1 (CCl4 + cloves 3), group 2 (CCl4 + cloves 1), group 3 (normal control, without being offered treatment), group 4 (positive control, induced by CCl4 and followed by 100 mg alpha-tocopherol), and group 5 (negative control, only induced by CCl4). Rat livers were homogenized and followed with CAT activity measurement using spectrophotometry method of Mates.Results: There was a significant difference in mean between the groups (p= 0,001). Further test, the Post Hoc showed that there is a significance different between group 1 and 4 (p=0.008), 1 and 5 (p=0.001), 2 and 5 (p=0.001), 3 and 5 (p=0.001), and 4 and 5 (p=0.007). Group 1 (CCl4+Clove3) has the highest catalase activity.Conclusion: Syzygium aromaticum (clove) oral administration with the dose of 200 mg/kg rat body weight against 0.55 mg/kgBW CCl4 show increased of catalase activity but did not overcome the oxidative stress
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